Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:32:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaCFNC.pdf: 1259034 bytes, checksum: abf51afcd72b5241d217ca5d19610bd4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The objective of this study was perform, by the streptoavidin-biotin technique, an immunohistochemical analysis of the E-cadherin and CD44v6 in 15 lower lip squamous cell carcinomas and 15 of tongue, with varied histologic gradation of malignidade, in order to establish a possible relation between the expression these proteins and the anatomical localization of the lesions, metastasis, as well as with the Bryne`s histolologic grading of malignancy system. It was not observed significant statistical association between the localization of the lesions and the malignancy score, however, had a significant correlation between the histologic parameters of malignancy gradation and the total score of malignancy, being that the parameter degree of keratinization presented the highest correlation (r = 0,844). Taking in consideration the anatomical localization of the lesions, it was not significant difference between the profile of expression and the amount of immunopositive cells for Ecaderina and CD44v6. To the metastasis variable, also it was not observed significant difference between the profile of expression and the amount of immunopositive cells for evaluated proteins. However, it was observed a statistical significant difference in relation to the scores of malignancy, being that the low score presented the highest values for the profile of expression and the amount of immunopositive cells for the E-caderina and the CD44v6. It was observed a statistically significant and negative correlation between the expression profile, the amount of E-cadherin and CD44v6 immunopositive cells and the total score of malignancy. Therefore, based in the results of this study, it was concluded that the expression of the immunohistochemical markers E-caderina and CD44v6 did not constitute histological indicator of aggressiveness for the patients with lower lip and tongue squamous cell carcinomas / Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar, atrav?s da t?cnica da estreptoavidina-biotina, a express?o imuno-histoqu?mica das prote?nas E-caderina e CD44v6 em 15 esp?cimes de carcinoma epiderm?ide de l?bio inferior e 15 de l?ngua, com variada grada??o histol?gica de malignidade, a fim de estabelecer uma poss?vel rela??o entre a express?o das referidas prote?nas e a localiza??o anat?mica da les?o, met?stase, assim como com a grada??o histol?gica de malignidade proposta por Bryne (1998). A an?lise estat?stica demonstrou que n?o houve associa??o significativa entre a localiza??o da les?o e os escores de malignidade, entretanto, houve uma correla??o significativa entre os par?metros de grada??o histol?gica de malignidade e o escore total de malignidade, sendo que o par?metro grau de ceratiniza??o apresentou a maior correla??o (r = 0,844). Levando-se em considera??o a localiza??o anat?mica das les?es, n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre o padr?o de express?o e a quantidade de c?lulas imunopositivas para E-caderina e CD44v6. Em se tratando da vari?vel met?stase, tamb?m n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre o padr?o de express?o e a quantidade de c?lulas imunopositivas para as prote?nas avaliadas. Entretanto, ressalta-se que foi observada uma diferen?a estatisticamente significativa em rela??o aos escores de malignidade, sendo que o escore baixo apresentou os maiores valores para o padr?o de express?o e a quantidade de c?lulas imunopositivas para a E-caderina e o CD44v6. Uma correla??o estatisticamente significativa e negativa entre o padr?o de express?o e a quantidade de c?lulas imunopositivas para a E-caderina e o CD44v6 e o escore total de malignidade foi observada. Portanto, com base nestes resultados, conclui-se que a express?o dos marcadores imuno-histoqu?micos E-caderina e CD44v6 n?o constituiu fator indicativo de maior agressividade morfol?gica para os pacientes portadores de carcinomas epiderm?ides de l?bio inferior e de l?ngua

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T16:00:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo6548_1.pdf: 1342765 bytes, checksum: 448589df7a84835f365d27588962c465 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Com o crescimento da tecnologia de telefonia celular, estes dispositivos passaram cada vez mais a focar seus objetivos em processamento e transmissão de dados. Devido ao seu grande poder de conectividade e a sua mobilidade, os celulares também se tornaram uma potencial plataforma para o desenvolvimento de aplicações. Desta forma, os fabricantes de aparelhos passaram a disponibilizar plataformas de desenvolvimento para que terceiros pudessem desenvolver aplicações para os seus celulares. A primeira iniciativa neste sentido foi a inclusão de uma máquina virtual Java nos telefones TDMA e GSM; e um ambiente de execução de aplicações chamado BREW para CDMA. Com a evolução do hardware dos dispositivos, começou-se a adotar sistemas operacionais abertos como: Symbian; Windows Mobile; e Embedded linux. Estes sistemas operacionais também permitem o desenvolvimento de aplicações por terceiros. Assim, percebe-se que não existe uma plataforma padrão para desenvolvimento de aplicações para dispositivos móveis. Para que uma aplicação possa ser instalada no maior número de dispositivos possível, esta deve ser portada entre as diferentes plataformas de desenvolvimento. Além disto, todas estas plataformas de desenvolvimento são dirigidas a eventos. No entanto, elas não oferecem uma arquitetura que facilite o desenvolvimento de aplicações desta forma. O objetivo deste trabalho é especificar e implementar um framework de aplicações para dispositivos móveis que minimize o esforço de porting de aplicações entre as plataformas. Deve ser disponibilizada também uma arquitetura que auxilie o desenvolvimento de aplicações dirigidas a eventos. Além disto, visa-se propor uma solução para um ambiente de desenvolvimento multi-plataforma que seja integrado ao Framework proposto e auxilie na interoperabilidade do desenvolvimento em várias plataformas diferentes. Este objetivo foi alcançado através da implementação do CMF - C.E.S.A.R Mobile Framework - framework multi-plataforma de aplicações para dispositivos móveis; e do Gluon, ambiente de desenvolvimento para estes dispositivos. O CMF auxilia o desenvolvimento de aplicações dirigidas a eventos e permite que uma aplicação que foi desenvolvida para uma determinada plataforma possa ser executada em outras plataformas, sem que seu código seja alterado. O Gluon possibilita um aumento de produtividade no desenvolvimento destas aplicações, automatizando várias tarefas de configuração de ambiente, compilação e depuração do código, permitindo que o desenvolvedor foque no desenvolvimento da aplicação.

The main goal of this thesis is to investigate efficient searching mechanisms for searching and retrieving software components across different remote repositories and implement a supporting prototype called “Component Repository Browser” using the plug-in based Eclipse technology for PROGRESS-IDE. The prototype enables users to search the ProCom components and to import the desired components from a remote repository server over different protocols such as HTTP, HTTPS, and/or SVN. Several component searching mechanisms and suggestions were studied and examined such as keyword, facet-based search, folksonomy classification, and signature matching, from which we selected keyword search along with facet-based searching technique to help component searchers to efficiently find the desired components from a remote repository.

Les pays en développement (PED) enregistrent un taux de croissance démographique particulièrement élevé et une forte demande alimentaire. Par ailleurs, l’investissement direct étranger (IDE) est au centre des politiques d’investissement de ces pays. Les PED attirent l’IDE pour améliorer la croissance économique. Cette vision optimiste est contredite par des effets négatifs sur leur économies. En se basant sur trois facteurs que nous jugeons très importants pour la sécurité alimentaire (SA) : la production agricole, la qualité institutionnelle et la dépendance en importation alimentaires, nous investiguons les effets de l’IDE sur la SA.Les résultats montrent que l’IDE agricole améliore la SA et l’IDE secondaire améliore la production agricole grâce au transfert technologique et du savoir-faire avec des effets nuisibles qui peuvent apparaitre comme la pollution de l’environnement. L’IDE tertiaire a tendance à baisser la main d’œuvre dans l’agriculture et à augmenter la demande alimentaire dans les zones urbaines. En ajoutant l’institution locales à l’analyse, les résultats montrent qu’à partir de certains seuils de qualité institutionnelle, l’IDE primaire et secondaire améliorent la SA. L’intérêt des PED est d’améliorer leur qualité institutionnelle et de cibler l’attraction de l’IDE. / Developing countries (DCs) have a high population growth and food demand. Moreover, foreign direct investment (FDI) is in the heart of investment policy. DCs attract FDI to improve their economic growth. This optimistic view is contradicted by negative effects on their economies. We based our analysis on three important factors: agricultural production, institutional quality and the food import dependency, we investigate the effects of desegregated and aggregated FDI on the food security. The results show that agricultural FDI improves food security and secondary FDI improves agricultural production through technology transfer and know-how with harmful effects that may occur as the environmental pollution.The tertiary IDE tends to decrease labor in agriculture and increasing food demand in urban areas. By adding the local institution to the analysis, the results show that from certain institutional quality thresholds, primary and secondary IDE improves food security. Our recommendation is that DCs has the interest to improve their institutional quality and targeting the attraction of FDI. Finally, aggregated FDI tends to deteriorate the ability to import food in countries with low and lower middle income. These countries have an interest to attract export-oriented FDI.

This thesis deals with designing and creating working prototype of IoT Wattmeter with option to switching relay. This device can be control remotely with option to read measured values. To reach my goals, I am using open-source designing board, different sensors and modules. I tis possible to communicate with device through Wi-Fi module ESP 8266 and to test LPWAN network I am using SIGFOX, module. To measure current, it´s used simple Hall-effect sensor and all available information’s are displayed on OLED display. To switch the circuit off or on solid state relay was used. In theoretical part of the work, I am trying to explain working principles of every module and source code, which I am using to control these modules. In practical part I created scheme, using CADSoft EAGLE and created functional wattmeter. Whole work is programmed in C++ language using Arduino IDE.

This master's thesis desribes the import process of aggregate invoices and prepayments into the gas trader's SAP IS-U information system. It explains some of the essential SAP terms and contains an analysis of final product requirements. Additionally, it concerns the implementation of the designed solution itself and describes achieved results. In conclusion, it mentions possible extensions.

The aim of this work is to describe the basic mechanisms of memory management and access to peripherals via EBI at the ARM9 microcontroller family. It is a solution for connecting physical ethernet interface, SD / MMC card to the device and design a development kit with the ability to connect a hard or SSD drive. The second part is aimed at operating system Linux, its modification for the ARM9 family of microcontrollers and installing software packages.

Ce mémoire analyse l’encadrement juridique et institutionnel des contrats d’État, qui sont à l’origine des contrats innommés caractérisés, non pas par leur objet, mais par les parties qui les contractent — un État et une personne privée ressortissante d’un autre État. Le but de la présente étude est de trouver une solution aux enjeux de déséquilibre entre les parties et de manque de prévisibilité qui affectent les contrats d’État. Cette recherche de solutions sera faite à travers l’analyse de trois théories : le rattachement à un ordre juridique précis, l’uniformisation des normes internationales encadrant les contrats d’État, et la création d’une nouvelle institution pour trancher les litiges concernant les contrats d’État. Nous étudierons alors, dans un premier temps, les solutions fournies par les doctrines internationaliste et contractualiste afin d’analyser leurs points forts et leurs lacunes. L’observation de ces lacunes nous permettra ensuite de rechercher leurs éventuelles solutions dans la jurisprudence interne et internationale. Comme nous le verrons, ces solutions, notamment celles fournies par l’arbitrage international, présentent des limites importantes du fait de ce choix de mode institutionnel. Nous analyserons donc dans une dernière partie si le choix d’un nouveau système institutionnel — comme la CMI de l’Union européenne ou les Cours de Commerce International — permettrait de pallier ces limites et d’accroitre la prévisibilité dans la résolution du litige, ainsi que d’équilibrer la relation contractuelle. / This thesis analyzes the legal and institutional framework of State contracts, which are originally unnamed contracts characterized, not by their object, but by their contracting parties — a State and a private person, national of another State. The purpose of this study is to find a solution to the issues of imbalance between the parties and lack of predictability that affect State contracts. This research will be carried out through the analysis of three theories: the categorization of state contracts in a specific legal order, the unification of international rules governing state contracts, and the creation of a new institution to settle disputes concerning state contracts. We will first study the solutions provided by the internationalist and contractualist doctrines in order to analyze their strengths and weaknesses. This will then enable us to seek their possible solutions in domestic and international jurisprudence. As we will see, these solutions, particularly when they’re provided by international arbitration, have significant limitations. In the final chapter, we will analyze whether the choice of a new institutional system — such as the European Union's MIC or International Commercial Courts— would make it possible to overcome these limitations and increase predictability in the resolution of the dispute, as well as to balance the contractual relationship.

近年來越來越多資訊應用領域，開始採用領域特定語言（Domain Specific Language）以表達並解決其領域問題。然而這些特定領域語言多數卻缺乏可大大提升生產力的高品質編輯輔助工具。其主因乃因為從頭開發一套高品質編輯輔助工具所費不貲，然這些特定領域語言普及程度卻遠不如一般通用語言，是以缺乏誘因驅使軟體商開發相關工具。為能快速開發輔助工具，現今的工具開發平台如Eclipse、IDEA，以及NetBeans等，均提供整合開發環境(IDE)的發展支援，以利開發者在平台上快速擴增新語言之編輯環境。即使如此，要發展一套IDE，開發者不僅需深入熟悉所用平台，而且仍需繁瑣與長時間之開發過程。基於此，為求更簡化IDE開發過程，本研究嘗試增強、重構先前開發之雛型系統EGOE【9】，發展出一套遵循模型驅動架構(MDA)之高品質語言編輯環境生成系統：EGOE II。經由此系統的輔助，IDE開發者僅需提供程式語言文法定義(Grammar)及IDE輔助機制客制化資訊，即能套用系統內部的模型轉換程式及程式樣板(Templates)，自動生成以Eclipse為平台的高效能、高品質，且提供豐富編輯輔助的程式語言IDE。 / In recent years more and more fields of applications began to use DSLs(Domain Specific Language) to solve their problems. However, most of these languages were created without accompanying high-quality language specific editors(LSE) to help increase the productivity of the language. The reason for the lack of such tools is mostly economic consideration: because of the very high cost of developing a LSE from scratch, it is not worthwhile to invest a LSE on a less frequently used language. To avoid developing an LSE from scratch, however, most present tool platforms such as Eclipse, IDEA or NetBeans have offered required editor frameworks and APIs to help developers to be able to build LSEs on these platform more quickly and easily. Even so, however, it is still thought hard to develop a LSE by way of platform support since developers need a long and steep learning before they can get adept at a platform and, moreover, the process of developing a LSE remains long, tedious and error-prone. Accordingly, to enable even quicker development of LSEs, we proposed and have developed in this paper a high quality editing environment generating system called EGOE II, which follows the MDA approach and is the refactoring and enhancement of our previous prototype EGOE system. With EGOE II, the developer need only offer an editor-specific specification of the target language, which includes the grammar and editor-related customization informations; he can then apply to it the model translator and program templates provided by the system to automatically produce a high-quality editor on Eclipse platform for the target language.

Depuis plus de trois décennies, la mobilité internationale des firmes et des facteurs de production compte l‟un des aspects les plus importants de la mondialisation. Les économies deviennent donc de plus en plus interdépendantes. Les investissements directs étrangers (IDE) se placent au centre de ce processus de mondialisation et les firmes multinationales (FMN) sont les principaux acteurs dans les stratégies de développement des pays d‟accueil. Croyant profiter des « spillovers », les pays d‟accueil se trouvent pris dans un processus de concurrence acharnée afin d‟attirer les investisseurs étrangers. Un tel processus conduit les pays d‟accueil à s‟engager dans des programmes d‟amélioration de leurs déterminants économiques et institutionnels d‟une part, et d‟accroître leur ouverture aux échanges internationaux en s‟engageant dans des processus d‟intégration régionale particulièrement dans les zones régionales de libre échange d‟autre part. L‟objectif de cette thèse est d‟évaluer la nature de la relation directe et indirecte entre les institutions ou de la qualité institutionnelle et l‟attractivité dans le cas des pays du sud et de l‟est de la Méditerranée (PSEM). Pour cela nous étudions empiriquement dans un premier temps l‟impact direct des institutions et particulièrement de la gouvernance sur l‟attractivité des PSEM et dans un second temps, nous explorons la nature de la relation indirecte entre l‟attractivité et les institutions via un canal de transmission qui est l‟intégration régionale à partir d‟une étude empirique de l‟impact de l‟intégration régionale sur l‟attractivité des pays de la zone. La qualité des institutions est validée comme déterminant important dans l‟attractivité des pays et dans l‟encadrement des processus d‟intégration régionale. En revanche, dans le cas des PSEM, l‟intégration régionale n‟est pas source d‟attractivité des IDE. Les pays de la zone doivent donc mener des politiques portant sur les institutions afin d‟améliorer leur attractivité vis-à-vis des IDE. / For over three decades, the international mobility of firms and factors of production has one of the most important aspects of globalization. The economies thus become increasingly interdependent. Foreign direct investments (FDI) are placed in the center of this process of globalization and multinational corporations (MNCs) are the main actors in the development strategies of the host country. Believing enjoy the "spillovers", host countries are caught in a process of intense competition to attract foreign investors. This process led the host country to engage in programs to improve their economic and institutional determinants on the one hand, and increase their openness to international trade by engaging in regional integration processes particularly in regional free trade zones on the other. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the nature of the direct and indirect relationship between institutions or institutional quality and attractiveness in the case of MENA countries. For this we look empirically at first the direct impact of institutions, especially governance on the attractiveness of MENA countries and in a second step, we explore the nature of the indirect relationship between attractiveness and institutions through a channel transmission which is regional integration from an empirical study of the impact of regional integration on the attractiveness of countries in the region. The quality of institutions is validated as an important determinant of the attractiveness of the country and in the supervision of the regional integration process. However, in the case of MENA countries, regional integration is not source of attraction for FDI. The zone countries must pursue policies on institutions to improve their attractiveness vis-à-vis FDI.