Thesis--Heidelberg. / Bibliography: p. 253-[257]

博士（社会学） / 12613甲第1001号 / 一橋大学

Тема магистерской диссертации – «История русской философии в информационной среде», в рамках которой было проведено исследование с использованием количественного метода сбора данных в информационной среде интернет-ресурсов. Цель исследования – выяснить популярность истории русской философии среди пользователей Интернета. Исследование состоит из двух частей, первая часть включает в себя теоретическое описание информационной среды. Вторая часть состоит из данных, собранных с интернет-ресурсов, и их интерпретации. Используя аналитические интернет-сервисы: «https://be1.ru/» и «https://www.liveinternet.ru/», мы проанализировали 5 популярных интернет-ресурсов: «https://ilibrary.ru/», «http://Lib.ru», «https://filosof.historic.ru», «https://arzamas.academy/» и «https://platona.net/», используя количественный метод, мы получили результаты, которые показывают, что история русской философии является популярным и востребованным предметом среди пользователей Интернета. Данное исследование уникально тем, что впервые мы получим ответ на вопрос, насколько история русской философии востребована современными пользователями Интернета. / The subject of the master's thesis is «history of Russian philosophy in the information environment», in within the was conducted research using a quantitative method of data collection in the information environment of Internet resources. The purpose of the research is to find out the popularity of the history of Russian philosophy among Internet users. The study consists of two parts, the first part includes a theoretical description of the information environment. The second part consists of data collected from Internet resources and their interpretation. By using analytical Internet services: «https://be1.ru/» and «https://www.liveinternet.ru/», we analyzed 5 popular Internet resources: «https://ilibrary.ru/», «http://Lib.ru», «https://filosof.historic.ru», https://arzamas.academy/» and «https://platona.net/», using the quantitative method, we obtained results that show that the history of Russian philosophy is a popular and popular subject among Internet users. The research is unique because for the first time we will get an answer to the question of how much the history of Russian philosophy is in demand by modern Internet users.

This study examines the long-established bi-weekly market held on Cape Town's Grand Parade to see if it constitutes living heritage. If it does, how is it connected with the urban landscape it inhabits, and how might it be acknowledged or safeguarded? Heritage practice in South Africa has long focused on the fabric of the historic built environment (not on the people using it or the uses to which it is put) with conservation methods tailored to that end. The importance of living heritage—or intangible cultural heritage—is increasingly accepted, particularly as a form of redress for the imbalance caused by the prioritisation of coloniser history. There is a growing sense of urgency, driven by those whose living heritage has been overlooked or ignored, to address this. In this study, I combine on-the-ground analysis of today's Wednesday/Saturday market drawn from interviews with traders, with a deep reading of various official and academic archives. This is interpreted through the most recent theoretical thinking regarding living heritage, together with the international charters, national laws and local policies that apply to the real world of Cape Town today. I determine that the market is, indeed, living heritage, and that it is important to recognise it is such. I argue that the heritage binary of intangible and tangible represents a false dichotomy, and that it is essential to consider heritage as a whole, with living heritage being indivisible from the urban landscape in which it exists. However, I identify the potential pitfalls that formal protection might bring to a living, dynamic system, and find that the significance values of tangible and living heritage require different actions to conserve and safeguard them. I show how, while the will to identify and acknowledge South Africa's living heritage has been expressed at the highest policy levels, the ensuing legislation, implementation policies and working practices of heritage practitioners are insufficient to deliver on this. I suggest that, to reflect this better in our management of heritage resources, a more trans-disciplinary approach is needed, one with processes and methodologies that accommodate diversity in the interpretation of cultural value and emphasise stakeholder involvement.

Climate change mitigation efforts are increasingly forming part of the agendas of African nations, particularly since the inclusion of voluntary targets for these countries within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Paris Agreement of 2015. This focus towards the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, together with the need to achieve development objectives, has become combined in the practice of ‘low carbon development’ within developing countries. Technical assistance programmes have been set up to support the achievement of low carbon development, and these activities typically flow from the global North to Africa. However the power structures and flows of benefit that underlie these practices have not been the subject of much enquiry and are largely occluded within the climate change mitigation community of practice. With the inclusion of climate change mitigation targets for developing countries together with a direct call for increased capacity building within the Paris Agreement, the volume of technical assistance support focused towards Africa is likely to increase. As such the need to consider what effective technical assistance, that is both equitable and appropriate to the African context, might look like becomes a priority. This study engages with these issues. By considering the literature arising from decolonial studies and development theory together with bringing to the fore the perceptions of African climate change mitigation professionals, it provides a critical analysis of the tacit assumptions that are legitimated within the technical assistance practice in climate change mitigation. The study finds that current modes of technical assistance practice within low carbon development continues to entrench the hegemonic nature of knowledge of the global North, and perpetuates the placement of Africa in a position of extraversion towards the North, assuming African government and climate change practitioners as lacking in knowledge and expertise. The study advocates for a more equal and bilateral flow of knowledge between the two regions in order for African nations to faster and more effectively reach the twin goals of development and mitigation within Africa. It considers the lack of the critical theories of decolonial studies and development theory in climate change scholarship (particularly the absence of African voices in the debate) and brings these alternative voices and theories into low carbon development technical assistance practice.

The ongoing reconciliation process in Canada has been criticized for failing to recognize the larger project of ongoing settler colonialism and for its inability to meaningfully respond to the aspirations and demands of Indigenous peoples for self-determination. However, in the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s final report, the important recommendation was made for Canada to adopt the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the most accomplished proclamation of Indigenous peoples’ rights, especially their right to selfdetermination, as the framework for reconciliation in the country. Following the Commission’s recommendation, the Canadian government committed itself to implementing the Declaration, including its free, prior and informed consent requirement, into the country’s legislation. This is significant for settler colonial violence in Canada continues to manifest itself in a multitude of ways, including through imposed resource extraction projects and environmental violence, which dispossesses Indigenous peoples of their land, violating their right to self-determined social, cultural and economic development, and thus, denying them their dignity. Through an application of Atuahene’s theoretical framework of Dignity Takings and Dignity Restoration, this dissertation conceptualizes eliminatory resource exploitation projects and associated environmental violence as dignity takings in a settler colonial context, whereby Indigenous peoples are dispossessed of their land, as well as their right to self-determination. It then explores the potential role the implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples free, prior and informed consent requirement, which affirms that Indigenous people should make decisions on matters affecting their lands and/or people, can have for meaningfully restoring Indigenous peoples’ dignity, and thereby affirming their unqualified right to self-determination in settler colonial Canada. The findings demonstrate that while the free, prior and informed consent requirement’s regulatory and normative framework at the international level has the potential to meaningfully restore dignity to Indigenous peoples in theory, an assessment of the requirement’s implementation in the Canadian context reveals the considerable influence national politics and institutional norms have in shaping the requirement’s effective implementation, operationalization and dignity restoring potential.

The purpose of this thesis is to describe the occurrence, nature, properties, and utilization of the refractory clays in South Africa with particular reference to the Transvaal deposits, focusing on those characteristics which may be of direct value in the future development of this important mineral resource. Principal attention has been devoted to producing areas and-generally confined to those materials used in the production of fire-clay refractories; however, in many cases these identical clays are employed in the manufacture of "golden brown" building brick, sewer pipe, earthenware, etc. A fundamental study of the constitution of the commercial refractory clays was carried out on selected samples obtained from operating workings. The differential thermal method of analysis was featured in these studies, supple mented by X-ray examination and other recognized determinative procedures. The basic data so obtained were correlated, where possible, with the ceramic properties of the clays in order to lead to a better understanding of the relationship between the refractory clays and the ware made from them.

The Concrete Institute’s information centre houses special collections and information about concrete and various aspects of concrete technology, including photographs that need to be managed effectively for retrieval purposes. The photographic collection has to be recorded and preserved according to relevant standards to ensure longevity and long term access. Management of photographic collections comes with its unique problems. The purpose of this study is to improve the state of the photographic collection by organising it for easy retrieval, allocating metadata and preserving it for future use. This study employed the action research method to study problems of the photographic collection at the institute. The action research method aims to find solutions to problems that are experienced by people in their everyday lives. Data was collected from a sample drawn using purposive sampling from the target population of information specialists and professionals. Data collection from information professionals was facilitated through an online questionnaire and three information specialists were interviewed. The study has indicated the importance of dematerialisation and allocating metadata to photographs to help identify and enhance accessibility of information resources. The results show that dematerialising the photographs will ease the retrieval process and assist information professionals to gain a greater insight of the material in their collection. Collections that are easily accessible are usable and fulfil their purpose to information users. In conclusion, a summarised overview of the study is presented in findings and recommendations regarding the management of photographic collections for effective retrieval.

By questioning whether addressing social inequality can be considered a form of transitional justice, this dissertation leads a critical discussion on the assumptions of traditional or narrow understandings of transitional justice, how these obscure the potential for transitional justice to tackle issues of economic and social rights violations, social inequality and other forms of structural violence, and the need for a broad understanding of transitional justice and its key components. This dissertation addresses the historical and political roots of the field and how these influenced a traditional understanding of transitional justice. Thereafter, it traces broadening understandings of the concept, evident in the changing meanings of 'justice’ and 'transition’ and its stated aims. It then considers calls for transitional justice to go beyond its focus on civil and political rights violations and to further address economic and social rights violations and structural violence, and how these challenge the traditional understanding of the concept. Drawing on the distinction between a concept and a conception, and considering transitional justice as an effectively contestable concept, this dissertation proposes a broad understanding of the concept as the pursuit of justice during a period of social or political transition in order to address past injustices and to work towards certain aspirations for the future, comprising of the key components of justice, transition, and backwards- and forwards-looking considerations. With a primary focus on criminal and restorative justice, civil and political rights, and trials and truth commissions, the traditional conception of transitional justice is ill-equipped both conceptually and practically to address issues of structural violence. Instead, a conception of transitional justice motivated by social or distributive justice is best suited to address social inequality and other forms of structural violence. Finally, this dissertation considers revolutionary Nicaragua’s attempts to redress social inequality in the areas of health, education and housing as an example of transitional justice. It is concluded that revolutionary Nicaragua’s concerted effort to address social inequality should be considered as a conception of transitional justice inspired by social and distributive justice. With growing calls for transitional justice to go beyond its traditional focus on criminal and restorative justice, scholars and practitioners stand to learn from previously overlooked examples of societies in transition tackling issues of social inequality and other forms of structural violence as a matter of transitional justice.

This study looks at vocational curriculum and pedagogy within the context of internal knowledge structures. Focused on a South African boat building qualification, to determine the nature of the qualification and the enacted curriculum with respect to the type of knowledge required in boat building labour processes. In particular the study focuses on the dual demands of innovation and reproduction in a global context. The study attempts to broaden two empirical studies done by Gamble (2004) and Coetzee (2011) into cabinet making and train driving respectively, and an HSRC commissioned study (2015) into artisanal work of the future. The study develops a conceptual framework of the logic of boat building work that meets the dual demands of innovation and reproduction. The conceptual framework develops the hypothesis that different types of knowledge are required to meet the competing demands of ‘innovation’ and ‘reproduction’. To explore the hypothesis, a labour process analysis is undertaken and then the structure and content of the qualification is examined using a coding device re-contextualised from a four-way knowledge schema developed by Gamble (2016a,) as well as an examination of the workshop component of the learnership and the learning material. The study finds that the curriculum attempts to teach in an old craft-based method of apprenticeship. It also finds that the qualification addresses the procedural and sequential requirements of boat building. The problem is that while this addresses the historical craft-based aspects of the trade, it does not support technological innovation. In conclusion, the contribution of this study is to the importance of knowledge in vocational education and, in particular theoretical scientific knowledge and, the role it plays in vocational qualifications and curriculum in a technologically developing world.