This project (1) examined the relationship between expectations of rejection and type of support seeking among college students reporting a stigmatized identity, and (2) explored differences in expectations of rejection and indirect support seeking by visible (e.g., minority race, overweight) versus concealable (e.g., mental illness, sexual identity) stigmas. Prior research has shown individuals expecting rejection are less willing to seek support or disclose stigmatized identities. This prior work has indicated individuals expecting rejection may seek support in indirect ways, which ironically contributes to rejection they encounter. Indirect support seeking does not include disclosure and is vague in its attempts to seek solace or advice. This project involved two studies, one that examined trait level expectations of rejection (i.e., rejection sensitivity or RS), and one that that examined state level expectations of rejection. Study 1 2016 Appalachian Student Research Forum Page 53 consisted of secondary analysis of data from an online study entitled “Perceptions of Identity among University Students”. 408 participants completed this study and received SONA participation credit in psychology courses. Of the total sample, 20% (n = 81) reported a stigmatized characteristic, while 31% of those with stigma was classified as visible (e.g., weight; race) and 69% was classified as concealable (e.g., mental illness). Results revealed no significant differences in RS between those with and without stigma (p > .05). Those with concealable stigmas reported more RS than those with visible stigmas (t = -3.15, p < .05), but RS was not significantly related to more indirect support seeking strategies (p > .05). Study 2 consisted of 147 college students with a stigmatized identity (41% visible, 59% concealable) that participated in an online letter writing experiment. College students were randomly assigned to one of three writing conditions: anticipating rejection, anticipating acceptance, and neutral. In all conditions participants were asked to type a letter to someone about an identity-related event. Expectations of rejection was manipulated by varying to whom participants wrote letters (someone they knew would be rejecting, accepting, or someone they did not feel strongly about). Letters were coded for indirect support seeking by two independent coders. Any discrepancies were discussed to consensus. Results showed a non-significant effect of letter writing condition overall. However, a significant interaction was indicated for those reporting a visible stigma. Specifically, those with visible stigmas used more indirect seeking strategies when expecting rejection. Considering both Studies 1 and 2, trait rejection expectations were not significantly related to indirect seeking for individuals with stigma. Although state rejection expectations of rejection were related to more indirect seeking among those with stigmatized identities, the impact of them may depend on type of stigma. In spite of those with concealable identities having more trait RS, those with visible stigmas may be more impacted by situations that call attention to their stigmatized identity and choose to seek support more indirectly. Still, future research is needed to address limitations of this work such as whether the support network from whom support is being sought are similarly stigmatized.

Yes / Rethinking intersectionality, gender identities and gender equality with Kat Gupta at the GENOVATE conference. / FP7

This paper concerns processes of youth identification and formation of lifestyles in relation to the recent British music genre 'dubstep'. The music style is viewed as a modern youth leisure practice which construct social meaning and belonging in an urban translocal environment. The research, based on analytical data and qualitative interviewing, has proven that modern youth lifestyles can not be analysed through the theoretical scope of subcultures, as these tend to be homogeneous and out dated. Therefore, a postmodern approach has opened up to possibilities to understand youth identification as fragmented and interrupted processes, influenced by a hybrid of transnational cultural meanings and spaces. The paper also discusses the role of media and the growth of consumerism in relation to youth identifications, and it suggests that the dubstep scene can be viewed as a respond to, and sometimes a borrowing of, the representation of the modern urban youth which can be found in newspapers, as well as fashion and music magazines. Furthermore, several postmodern youth studies has celebrated the rejection of old unequal categories of gender and class when analysing the way contemporary youth socialise and create belonging. However, my study questions this notion and claim that structural power relations still exist and to a certain extend determine lifestyles, behaviour and motivation among different youth.

No / There is a common assumption that a postal questionnaire is an inappropriate research instrument for collecting rich qualitative data. In this article we challenge this and argue that in some circumstances such instruments can be used to yield rich thick descriptions of the kind normally associated with interviewing. We give the example of research into lesbian identities. Our experience led us to question what we call the epistemology of presence and the assumption that presence guarantees authenticity. We also suggest that the ethics of the face-to-face encounter may be different from those occurring at a distance. We conclude by arguing that researchers should be more open to the possibilities that postal questionnaires may be capable of generating authentic qualitative data, and that interviewing should be an explicit choice not the default position in qualitative research.

Team projects in engineering are critical sites for professional and personal development as students interact with peers and faculty on projects designed to simulate engineering work. These projects allow students to try on professional roles and establish a sense of identity within their field, which in turn influences their retention through college and into engineering careers. However, team projects can present challenges specific to students from underrepresented populations. While research on women's team experiences is strong, few researchers have studied African-Americans. To fill this gap, the current study explores the experiences of African-American males on multiracial student teams and the impact of those teams on these students' identities. This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach, using a three-interview sequence with eight African-American male engineering students as they worked on team projects at a predominantly white institution (PWI). The interviews gathered background information about each participant, explored the team functionality during the project, and enabled participants to reflect on the team experience. Two theoretical frameworks were considered during the study design: 1) intergroup contact theory provided a lens to explore interracial interactions, and 2) multiple identities provided a lens to analyze the impact of team dynamics on students' intersecting identities. The findings provide a rich understanding of the team experiences of African-American male students that can enhance project-based teaching within engineering to more explicitly attend to team dynamics, including interracial interactions for students of color. Both positive and negative impacts on African-American males in engineering emerged from the intergroup contact within the team environment. Specifically, the results indicate that these participants enjoyed their multiracial student teaming experiences, supported by informal social interactions among team members and generally positive professional interactions. However, the study participants also entered their team experiences fully aware of the negative stereotypes about African-Americans in engineering and proactively worked to dispel those stereotypes. / Ph. D.

Sejam D um anel com divisão de centro infinito K e C um subcorpo infinito de K. Se a dimensão de D sobre K é infinita, provaremos que uma identidade racional (com coeficientes em C) é válida em D se e somente se é válida em todos os anéis Mn(C) das matrizes n x n sobre C, para qualquer n positivo. Para tais fins, exporemos a teoria de identidades racionais em sua forma original, proposta por Amitsur (Journal of Algebra, 1966). Os resultados obtidos serão usados em duas aplicações. Inicialmente, mostraremos que o grupo multiplicativo de D não satisfaz identidades de grupo não triviais. Em seguida, construiremos um anel com divisão de todas as funções racionais em D, o qual denotaremos por CD(x), cuja estrutura depende apenas da dimensão de D sobre K. Quando a dimensão de D sobre K é infinita, vamos mostrar que CD(x) = C(x) pode ser compreendido como um anel universal de frações da álgebra livre com unidade sobre C gerada por infinitas indeterminadas não comutativas x1, x2... . Enfatizamos que existe uma versão em língua inglesa do presente trabalho. / Let D be a division ring with infinite center K and let C be an infinite subfield of K. If the dimension of D over K is infinite, we shall prove that a rational identity (with coefficients in C) holds in D if and only if it is a rational identity holding in every ring Mn(C) of n x n matrices over C, for all positive n. In order to do that, we shall expose the theory of rational identities in its original form, proposed by Amitsur (Journal of Algebra, 1966). The results we are to obtain will be used in two major applications. Firstly, we will show that the multiplicative group of D does not satisfy a non-trivial group identity. Afterwards, we construct a division ring of all rational functions in D, which we denote by CD(x), whose structure depends only on the dimension of D over K. When the dimension of D over K is infinite, we show that CD(x) = C(x) may be understood as an universal ring of fractions of the free unitary algebra over C generated by infinite noncommutative indeterminates x1, x2... . We emphasize that there exists an English version of the whole text.

Although the perceived lack of a European identity has always been an issue in the legitimisation of the EU, the economic crisis has intensified the struggles between national and European group identities. The main focus of this thesis the way group identities are represented in the coverage of the EU by two Dutch newspapers, the Telegraaf and NRC Handelsblad, in 2005 and 2012, before and after the start of the crisis. Using Jenkins' (2008) definition of social identity, the way in which different in- and out-groups are represented in the articles is analysed. In line with Lengyel (2014), a more positive and stable representation of the EU was found in the more 'elite' NRC Handelsblad, with a more Eurosceptic and changing attitude in the more 'populist' Telegraaf, creating a divergence between the two newspapers. Also, in accordance with Etzioni (2013), the representation of the EU as a political community in NRC Handelsblad in both years can be seen as a reason for the relative stability of its discourse, with the more utilitarian attitude towards the EU in the Telegraaf explaining the radicalisation of its articles after the economic crisis. Finally, the main conclusion of this thesis is that contrary to Eder's (2012) claim that the economic crisis is a critical point in the development of a...

Sejam D um anel com divisão de centro infinito K e C um subcorpo infinito de K. Se a dimensão de D sobre K é infinita, provaremos que uma identidade racional (com coeficientes em C) é válida em D se e somente se é válida em todos os anéis Mn(C) das matrizes n x n sobre C, para qualquer n positivo. Para tais fins, exporemos a teoria de identidades racionais em sua forma original, proposta por Amitsur (Journal of Algebra, 1966). Os resultados obtidos serão usados em duas aplicações. Inicialmente, mostraremos que o grupo multiplicativo de D não satisfaz identidades de grupo não triviais. Em seguida, construiremos um anel com divisão de todas as funções racionais em D, o qual denotaremos por CD(x), cuja estrutura depende apenas da dimensão de D sobre K. Quando a dimensão de D sobre K é infinita, vamos mostrar que CD(x) = C(x) pode ser compreendido como um anel universal de frações da álgebra livre com unidade sobre C gerada por infinitas indeterminadas não comutativas x1, x2... . Enfatizamos que existe uma versão em língua inglesa do presente trabalho. / Let D be a division ring with infinite center K and let C be an infinite subfield of K. If the dimension of D over K is infinite, we shall prove that a rational identity (with coefficients in C) holds in D if and only if it is a rational identity holding in every ring Mn(C) of n x n matrices over C, for all positive n. In order to do that, we shall expose the theory of rational identities in its original form, proposed by Amitsur (Journal of Algebra, 1966). The results we are to obtain will be used in two major applications. Firstly, we will show that the multiplicative group of D does not satisfy a non-trivial group identity. Afterwards, we construct a division ring of all rational functions in D, which we denote by CD(x), whose structure depends only on the dimension of D over K. When the dimension of D over K is infinite, we show that CD(x) = C(x) may be understood as an universal ring of fractions of the free unitary algebra over C generated by infinite noncommutative indeterminates x1, x2... . We emphasize that there exists an English version of the whole text.

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