Thesis (M. Div.)--Emmanuel School of Religion, Johnson City, Tennessee, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-92).

This thesis examines the relationship between the fiction of James Joyce and the theological practices outlined by Ignatius of Loyola. By deliberately foregoing claims of direct or simple influence, the thesis illustrates the way in which Loyola's concepts of belief, irony, discernment, and indifference illuminate the operations of the Joycean text. These operations in both Loyola and Joyce are themselves best explicated through the use of Kleinian psychoanalytic theory. Klein and her followers analyze dynamics of belief, representation, and meaning as products of frustration. Loyola and Joyce both force the reader into symmetrical situations of frustration, and Kleinian analysis helps us see how Joyce uses his texts as a kind of exercise for the reader-an exercise of productive frustration, disappointment, and loss. I trace the way this loss can turn reading into a reparative act, one that moves through the Kleinian 'paranoid-schizoid' position into a more productive, contingent, depressive position. I thus address Eve Kosovsky Sedgwick's proposal for reparative reading. By examining both Loyola's and Joyce's engagement with (and invitations into) frustrating, paranoid reading, I show how this engagement might become reparative. The thesis begins with an analysis of Loyola's Spiritual Exercises, finding there a specific structure of 'earnest irony.' It continues with a close reading of 'The Dead,' discerning how this structure operates in the Joycean text at the levels of both content and narration. It then takes up Kleinian theory directly to see precisely what paranoid reading-of the kind both Joyce and Loyola demand-accomplishes, and what its failure achieves. Its final two chapters consider A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, where it finds the narrative apparatus forcing the reader into a particular form of productive frustration, and Ulysses, which requires the greatest form of 'earnest irony' from the reader.

A passagem dos séculos I e II d.C. assistiu ao desenvolvimento de um cristianismo dinâmico na província romana da Ásia Proconsular, na costa egeia da Ásia Menor. Concomitante à ascensão política e econômica da região no contexto do Mediterrâneo em pleno Alto Império Romano, as comunidades cristãs locais apresentam um prolífico quadro doutrinal e ritual, o qual lhes confere destaque e as torna destinatárias da maior parte do curto epistolário de um personagem histórico tão marcante quanto enigmático: Inácio de Antioquia, que afirma ser o supervisor da igreja presente na grande metrópole síria, e que passa pela Ásia acorrentado a um pelotão de soldados, rumo à capital romana, para lá ser supostamente executado na arena. As cartas de Inácio sugerem a existência, em comunidades presentes em centros urbanos importantes da província, de um corpo de líderes fixos, dentre os quais destacando-se a figura de um único supervisor, do qual o prisioneiro defende a autoridade sobre todos os cristãos de uma mesma cidade. Uma análise de documentos datados de antes da composição do breve epistolário inaciano não oferece, contudo, bases para a afirmação de uma perenidade de tal forma de governo das comunidades cristãs asiáticas. Ao invés, uma leitura atenta das fontes aponta para um processo social de ligeira alteração dos referenciais de autoridade, de modo que, sobretudo após a morte do apóstolo Paulo de Tarso (principal fundador do cristianismo na Ásia Proconsular), um valor singular é dado a líderes homens que sejam reconhecidos publicamente como bons chefes de households. Nesse processo Inácio de Antioquia procura tomar parte, de modo a solidificar a autoridade do supervisor por meio de um incremento do alcance de seu controle social: ele prega, com autoarrogada autoridade profética, que o encarregado da supervisão da comunidade seja visto como a própria representação da figura divina e patriarcal de Deus Pai, e que apenas sob ele uma reunião ritual pode ser considerada válida. / The transit from the first to the second century CE saw the development of a dynamic Christianity in the Roman province of Asia Proconsularis, on the Aegean Asia Minor coast. Concomitant to the political and economic ascension of the region in the context of the Mediterranean, in plain Early Roman Empire, the local Christian communities show a prolific doctrinal and ritual frame, which give them highlighted status, and make them the recipients of most of the short epistolary of a historical character so outstanding as enigmatic: Ignatius of Antioch, who claims to be the overseer of the church in the great Syrian metropolis, and which goes through Asia bonded to a band of soldiers in way to the Roman capital, where he should, supposedly, be executed in the arena. The letters of Ignatius suggest the existence, in communities existent in the provinces main urban centers, of a group of fixed leaders, from which is detached the figure of the sole overseer. This overseers authority, the prisoner says, is extended over all the Christians living in a same city. However, an analysis of the documents dated from before the composition of the short Ignatian epistolary, do not offer basis to the affirmation of perennial status of such a way in governing the Asiatic Christian communities. To the contrary, a careful reading of the sources directs to a slight social process of change in the references of authority, in such a way that, especially after the death of the apostle Paul of Tarsus (main founder of Christianity in Asia Proconsularis), a special value is given to men leaders publicly recognized as good household chiefs. Ignatius of Antioch attempts to have a part in this process with the aim of solidifying the authority of the overseer by incrementing the range of his social control; he preaches, with selfproclaimed prophetic authority, that the one charged with community overseeing should be seen as the very representation of the divine and patriarchal figure of God the Father, and that only under him a ritual reunion could be considered as valid.

[pt] Em geral, a elaboração do currículo do Ensino Religioso enfatiza ou a tradição acadêmica que lhe dá fundamento epistemológico ou a tradição religiosa que pretende sobreviver no tempo e na história, conferindo sentido às novas gerações. Porém, com o advento da sociedade moderna secularizada e plural, é necessário tomar como ponto de partida a pessoa concreta e as suas demandas por sentido, como ficou evidenciado na pesquisa de campo. Assim, é preciso buscar naquelas tradições as mediações necessárias para a formação dos valores que devem caracterizar este componente curricular. Neste sentido, revisitamos o trabalho de um místico cristão - Inácio de Loyola - o qual viveu entre a Idade Média e a Renascença e que nos apresenta um itinerário mistagógico espiritual centrado, ao mesmo tempo, nas Pessoas Divinas e na pessoa do exercitante. Na contemplação dos mistérios da vida divina, verdadeiro fundamento da história, a pessoa, em todas as suas dimensões, vai sendo atingida e exigida nesse processo de descoberta e de encontro da vontade de Deus para sua vida. Esta pedagogia espiritual lança luzes sobre o currículo do ensino religioso posto que sugere itinerários personalizados de educação na fé e à fé, rompendo com uma apresentação meramente racional ou emocional da experiência cristã, além de tomar em devida conta o processo de desenvolvimento dos educandos. / [en] In general the development of a religious educational curriculum emphasizes either academic tradition due to epistemological support or religious tradition for its historic survival for the generations to come. However with the emergence of a modern-secular-pluralistic society, it is necessary to take people and their demands for meanings as the starting point, as it was observed in the research field. So we need to find necessary traditional mediations for the formation of values that should characterize the curricular component. Thus we revisited the writings of a christian mystic - Ignatius of Loyola - who lived between Middle Ages and Renaissance and provides a centered-spiritual- mystagogical itinerary, focusing on the Divine Persons and on the practitioner at the same time. In contemplation of the mysteries of divine life, the real basis of history, the person, in all dimensions, is being achieved and required in the process of discovery and encounter with God s will in his/her life. Such spiritual pedagogy enlights the curriculum of religious education since it suggests customized itineraries for education under faith and aiming faith, breaking with a merely rational or emotional presentation of christian experience, while taking the global development process of learners into account.

The Dynamics of The Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius of Loyola Diploma thesis Gabriela Junasová Praha 2011 Abstract This Diploma thesis "The Dynamics of The Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius of Loyola" is trying to unveil on one side the dynamics that is behind the text of The Spiritual Exercises, on the other side the dynamics of the process of the spiritual exercises itself. It is trying to demonstrate that a text written in the 16th century is adaptable and flexible in its usage thanks to its layout: in form of annotations, rules and division of the exercises in four parts. This thesis took into account this adaptability of the text when an important part of the spiritual exercises: annotations and rules by which to perceive and understand to some extent the various movement produce in the soul, put together into one chapter even though they are not in the text itself. Also this thesis is trying to show the importance of the spiritual direction in interpretation and adaptability of the spiritual exercises on an individual. Furthermore this thesis is trying to show one of possible ways interpretation of the four weeks.

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Ignatian spirituality in the Church of Sweden,a qualitative study ABSTRACTThe purpose of this qualitative research study is to investigate the meaning of Ignatian spirituality for some employees in the Church of Sweden. The method used in the study is individual, semi-structured interviews with five employees in the Church of Sweden. To meet the purpose, three questions have been asked: 1)     What has the meeting with Ignatian spirituality meant to the informants of the study? 2)    How do the informants integrate their experiences from the Ignatian spirituality in their parish practice? 3)    How do the informants relate to their ecumenical encounters? The empirical material was then analyzed according to the three questions, mentioned above and in the relation to the thinkers within the field of Ignatian Spirituality. In the analysis, the material was organized according to three themes: the personal experience of Ignatian spirituality, the integration in the parish practice and ecumenical encounters. The results of the research show that the priests and deacons are indeed submitted to the Ignatian spirituality, in their whole life. They are familiar with the Ignatian tools and well informed about Ignatius of Loyola and his Spiritual Exercises. In their parish practice they tend to feel lonely, and they long for colleagues acquainted with the Spiritual Exercises, but since the Spiritual Exercises imbue their whole life, the Spiritual Exercises are evident in all their practices. They also dwell on how they can reach out, making the Gospel accessible also to those somewhat more resistant or not interested. All informants are ecumenical and talk about experiences of ecumenical encounters. The study indicates a clear parallel between the Ignatian Spirituality and Receptive Ecumenism, both movements obviously grounded in an introspection that opens possibilities for true meetings.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Teresa Moreira Rodrigues.pdf: 1346152 bytes, checksum: 60cbe842a2be6a2e59cf7fd834721322 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-11 / The goal of this work is to examine Spiritual Exercises, a short book by Ignatius of Loyola writen 500 years ago, from today s perspective. However, it does not intend to demonstrate that this work by Loyola is still relevant nowadays. We know it is, given that it has been continuously used since it was written. Neither does this work aim at explaining the spiritual exercises themselves, for they are self-explanatory in being realized within a person. I will rather bring up some aspects that may allow one to get to know Loyola in his context, his life, and his paths. It is in this common man of his time Iñigo that a transformation happened, which can also happen to any human being (including in our present time). Supporting this transformation are the spiritual exercises, an initiation method whose goal is a type of knowledge that does not result from education or science, but rather a type of knowledge that amounts to search for illumination and intimate contact with God. In order to present the content of Spiritual Exercises, we first show its making up, the influences it received, its internal structure, and specific subparts. We show that Iñigo s socio-historical context and the different types of influence he received contributed to the writing of Spiritual Exercises. To highlight its relevance at the present time, we resort to the reading Roland Barthes made of it, which enables us to understand why it can lead to the construction of a specific language that delimits one s subjectivity, thus allowing us more autonomy due to deeper self-knowledge. The present work is justified by the contemporary people s own quests for selfknowledge and something that transcend them, helping them to get out of that massification network that consumption society nourishes / O objetivo deste trabalho é examinar os Exercícios Espirituais de Inácio de Loyola, um pequeno livro escrito há 500 anos, e trazê-lo para a atualidade. No entanto, não se trata de demonstrar que ele é atual, pois já se sabe que ele é, pois seguiu sendo usado ininterruptamente desde o momento de sua confecção. Não se trata de explicar os Exercícios Espirituais, pois eles explicam-se a si mesmos, ao se fazerem na pessoa. Trata-se de levantar aspectos que possibilitem conhecer Inácio, em seu contexto, sua vida, seus caminhos e descaminhos, porque é nesse homem comum e do seu tempo, o Iñigo, que a transformação foi se dando, como pode dar-se também em qualquer ser humano comum e do seu tempo, como o de hoje. Para favorecer essa transformação estão os Exercícios Espirituais, um método de iniciação que tem como fim um conhecimento que não é de educação e nem de ciência, mas sim um conhecimento que é busca de iluminação e de contato íntimo com Deus. Para dar a conhecer o texto dos Exercícios Espirituais, foi feito um levantamento de como se deu sua construção, influências recebidas, sua estrutura interna e divisões que o compõem. Mostramos como o contexto sócio-histórico de Iñigo e as influências recebidas contribuem para a construção dos Exercícios Espirituais. Para fortalecer essa condição de sua atualidade, valemo-nos da leitura que Roland Barthes fez deste texto, numa análise que nos permite depreender porque eles podem levar à construção de uma língua própria, que marca e demarca a subjetividade de quem o faz permitindo-lhe maior autonomia, pois maior conhecimento de si. Justifica-se esse trabalho pela própria demanda do homem contemporâneo, necessitado de encontro consigo mesmo e de algo que o transcenda, ajudando-o a sair da rede de uma massificação que a sociedade de consumo favorece

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