O Brasil é comumente associado ao país da diversidade. Seja ela de cunho cultural, histórico, racial ou social, fato é que a diversidade existe em larga extensão no país, inclusive nos meios acadêmicos. Na academia, tal como na sociedade, a inserção de indivíduos diferentes desemboca no estranhamento e nas atitudes preconceituosas. Este preconceito, por sua vez, influencia o desempenho acadêmico do estudante, pois a literatura revela que quanto maiores o preconceito e a discriminação do corpo docente da escola, menores são as notas do aluno. Alguns outros estudos têm procurado identificar a relação entre o desempenho acadêmico e a crença de auto-eficácia. A auto-eficácia pode ser definida como a crença do indivíduo sobre a sua capacidade de desempenho em atividades específicas. São quatro as fontes de desenvolvimento da auto-eficácia: experiências positivas; experiências vicárias; estados fisiológicos e emocionais das pessoas; e persuasão verbal. Das quatro fontes, as experiências positivas são, segundo a literatura, a mais importante e impactante no desenvolvimento e manutenção da auto-eficácia. A Síndrome do Impostor, também chamada de Fenômeno Impostor, tem sido exaustivamente estudada no cenário internacional sob os mais diversos aspectos - educacionais, emocionais, profissionais, etc. Os impostores, assim chamados os portadores da síndrome do impostor, não acreditam que são inteligentes, acreditam que as outras pessoas superestimam suas capacidades, mesmo que as evidências apontem que sejam altamente capazes, e atribuem as suas realizações à sorte ou esforço demasiado. Uma vez que as pessoas são influenciadas mais pela forma como elas lêem suas performances de sucesso, do que pelo sucesso, por si só, as teorias da auto-eficácia e a síndrome do impostor convergem na medida em que a teoria da auto-eficácia apresenta relação com a avaliação dos resultados das ações e a síndrome do impostor, na atribuição do sucesso ou fracasso à capacidade ou ao esforço. Esta pesquisa investigou a influência do fenômeno impostor e da auto-eficácia no desempenho acadêmico dos alunos minoritários, assim entendidos os estudantes bolsistas, principalmente do ProUni e ENADE, dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis e Administração de Empresas. Os instrumentos de pesquisa consistiram em um questionário composto pelas escalas CIPS - Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale - desenvolvida por Clance (1985) e pela Escala de auto-eficácia na formação superior (Polydoro & Guerreiro-Casanova, 2010). A população estudada era composta por 492 alunos dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis e Administração de quatro instituições de ensino privadas, todas estabelecidas no Estado de São Paulo, sendo duas da região metropolitana e duas de cidades do interior. Os estudantes pesquisados revelaram graus substanciais da síndrome do impostor. O teste do Qui-quadrado foi utilizado para determinar não só as relações entre a síndrome do impostor, a auto-eficácia e o desempenho acadêmico, como também suas relações com as demais variáveis sócio-demográficas. Crenças mais robustas de auto-eficácia impactaram em melhores desempenhos acadêmicos, enquanto que maiores níveis de SI desembocaram em desempenhos menos satisfatórios. A correlação de Pearson indicou que a síndrome do impostor apresentou uma relação negativa com a crença de auto-eficácia. Estes resultados sugerem que possivelmente os aspectos culturais do país influenciam o desenvolvimento e a relação entre a síndrome do impostor, a auto-eficácia e o desempenho acadêmico, o que faz jus a novos estudos futuros. / Brazil is usually known as a country of diversity. This diversity can be cultural, historical, racial or social, whatever, diversity exist in a huge part of the country, as well as between academicians. In Academy, like in the society, the input of different people creates a wave toward to conflicts and preconceptions. Furthermore, this preconception acts directly over the student academic performance, so, some studies indicate how much higher the preconception level, lowest is student performance. The focus of some studies is the identification of the relation between the academic performance and the belief of self-efficacy. The self-efficacy is defined as individual belief about the self-performance capability in specifics activities. There are four sources of development of self-efficacy: positive experiences, vicarious experiences, physiological and emotional comportment of people; and verbal persuasion. Positive experiences are the most important sources in development and maintenance of the self-efficacy. The impostor syndrome, known as impostor phenomenon, has been exhaustively studied by the international community under different point of views - educational, emotional, professional etc. The impostors, as are named the people with the symptom of the impostor syndrome, believe they are not intelligent enough. They believe that the other people overestimate their abilities despite the fact the evidences demonstrate that they are absolutely capable, connecting their achievements only with lucky or efforts. In a situation that the people are more influenced by the focus that they see their performance of success, than the real success, the self-efficacy theory and the impostor syndrome converge in the same point that the self-efficacy presents relation with the analysis of results of the actions and the impostor syndrome, in the attribution of success or failure to the capability or effort. This study has investigated the influence of the impostor phenomenon and the self-efficacy effect over the academic performance of scholarship students, mainly the students sponsored by ProUni and ENADE, members of Class of Accounting and Business Management. The instruments of the survey were both a range of questions composed by CIPS scales - Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale - developed by Clance (1985) and the Scale of self-efficacy in higher education (Polydoro & Guerreiro-Casanova, 2010). The population submitted to the study was composed by 492 students of Accountant and Business Management of four universities located in São Paulo State. The study has shown important degrees of the impostor syndrome, the self-efficacy and the academic performance, as well as their relations with the socio-demographic variants. Stronger self-efficacy belief impact in better academic performance, whereas higher levels of Impostor Syndrome creates not so satisfactory performances. The correlation of Pearson has indicated that the impostor syndrome has presented a negative relation with the self-efficacy belief. These results suggest that possibly the cultural aspects influence in the development and in the relations between impostor syndrome, the self-efficacy and the academic performance, that requires new future studies.

O Brasil é comumente associado ao país da diversidade. Seja ela de cunho cultural, histórico, racial ou social, fato é que a diversidade existe em larga extensão no país, inclusive nos meios acadêmicos. Na academia, tal como na sociedade, a inserção de indivíduos diferentes desemboca no estranhamento e nas atitudes preconceituosas. Este preconceito, por sua vez, influencia o desempenho acadêmico do estudante, pois a literatura revela que quanto maiores o preconceito e a discriminação do corpo docente da escola, menores são as notas do aluno. Alguns outros estudos têm procurado identificar a relação entre o desempenho acadêmico e a crença de auto-eficácia. A auto-eficácia pode ser definida como a crença do indivíduo sobre a sua capacidade de desempenho em atividades específicas. São quatro as fontes de desenvolvimento da auto-eficácia: experiências positivas; experiências vicárias; estados fisiológicos e emocionais das pessoas; e persuasão verbal. Das quatro fontes, as experiências positivas são, segundo a literatura, a mais importante e impactante no desenvolvimento e manutenção da auto-eficácia. A Síndrome do Impostor, também chamada de Fenômeno Impostor, tem sido exaustivamente estudada no cenário internacional sob os mais diversos aspectos - educacionais, emocionais, profissionais, etc. Os impostores, assim chamados os portadores da síndrome do impostor, não acreditam que são inteligentes, acreditam que as outras pessoas superestimam suas capacidades, mesmo que as evidências apontem que sejam altamente capazes, e atribuem as suas realizações à sorte ou esforço demasiado. Uma vez que as pessoas são influenciadas mais pela forma como elas lêem suas performances de sucesso, do que pelo sucesso, por si só, as teorias da auto-eficácia e a síndrome do impostor convergem na medida em que a teoria da auto-eficácia apresenta relação com a avaliação dos resultados das ações e a síndrome do impostor, na atribuição do sucesso ou fracasso à capacidade ou ao esforço. Esta pesquisa investigou a influência do fenômeno impostor e da auto-eficácia no desempenho acadêmico dos alunos minoritários, assim entendidos os estudantes bolsistas, principalmente do ProUni e ENADE, dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis e Administração de Empresas. Os instrumentos de pesquisa consistiram em um questionário composto pelas escalas CIPS - Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale - desenvolvida por Clance (1985) e pela Escala de auto-eficácia na formação superior (Polydoro & Guerreiro-Casanova, 2010). A população estudada era composta por 492 alunos dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis e Administração de quatro instituições de ensino privadas, todas estabelecidas no Estado de São Paulo, sendo duas da região metropolitana e duas de cidades do interior. Os estudantes pesquisados revelaram graus substanciais da síndrome do impostor. O teste do Qui-quadrado foi utilizado para determinar não só as relações entre a síndrome do impostor, a auto-eficácia e o desempenho acadêmico, como também suas relações com as demais variáveis sócio-demográficas. Crenças mais robustas de auto-eficácia impactaram em melhores desempenhos acadêmicos, enquanto que maiores níveis de SI desembocaram em desempenhos menos satisfatórios. A correlação de Pearson indicou que a síndrome do impostor apresentou uma relação negativa com a crença de auto-eficácia. Estes resultados sugerem que possivelmente os aspectos culturais do país influenciam o desenvolvimento e a relação entre a síndrome do impostor, a auto-eficácia e o desempenho acadêmico, o que faz jus a novos estudos futuros. / Brazil is usually known as a country of diversity. This diversity can be cultural, historical, racial or social, whatever, diversity exist in a huge part of the country, as well as between academicians. In Academy, like in the society, the input of different people creates a wave toward to conflicts and preconceptions. Furthermore, this preconception acts directly over the student academic performance, so, some studies indicate how much higher the preconception level, lowest is student performance. The focus of some studies is the identification of the relation between the academic performance and the belief of self-efficacy. The self-efficacy is defined as individual belief about the self-performance capability in specifics activities. There are four sources of development of self-efficacy: positive experiences, vicarious experiences, physiological and emotional comportment of people; and verbal persuasion. Positive experiences are the most important sources in development and maintenance of the self-efficacy. The impostor syndrome, known as impostor phenomenon, has been exhaustively studied by the international community under different point of views - educational, emotional, professional etc. The impostors, as are named the people with the symptom of the impostor syndrome, believe they are not intelligent enough. They believe that the other people overestimate their abilities despite the fact the evidences demonstrate that they are absolutely capable, connecting their achievements only with lucky or efforts. In a situation that the people are more influenced by the focus that they see their performance of success, than the real success, the self-efficacy theory and the impostor syndrome converge in the same point that the self-efficacy presents relation with the analysis of results of the actions and the impostor syndrome, in the attribution of success or failure to the capability or effort. This study has investigated the influence of the impostor phenomenon and the self-efficacy effect over the academic performance of scholarship students, mainly the students sponsored by ProUni and ENADE, members of Class of Accounting and Business Management. The instruments of the survey were both a range of questions composed by CIPS scales - Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale - developed by Clance (1985) and the Scale of self-efficacy in higher education (Polydoro & Guerreiro-Casanova, 2010). The population submitted to the study was composed by 492 students of Accountant and Business Management of four universities located in São Paulo State. The study has shown important degrees of the impostor syndrome, the self-efficacy and the academic performance, as well as their relations with the socio-demographic variants. Stronger self-efficacy belief impact in better academic performance, whereas higher levels of Impostor Syndrome creates not so satisfactory performances. The correlation of Pearson has indicated that the impostor syndrome has presented a negative relation with the self-efficacy belief. These results suggest that possibly the cultural aspects influence in the development and in the relations between impostor syndrome, the self-efficacy and the academic performance, that requires new future studies.

The purpose of this qualitative research was to acknowledge the gap in literature concerning the relationship between female leadership in a Swedish context with impostor syndrome. The focus was on analyzing whether impostor syndrome has an impact on the career progression of female leaders and how organizations can either exacerbate or mitigate the effects of suffering from impostor syndrome in the workplace.  In order to reach a conclusion aligned with the purpose and to respond to the conducted research questions, six semi-structured interviews were conducted with women in different leadership positions, operating within different companies and industries in Sweden. The interviews along with the theoretical framework allowed the authors to perform a thematic analysis in order to structure and analyze the gathered information.  The empirical data that was collected provided sufficient evidence for the authors to draw conclusions with regards to the posed research questions. It was concluded that impostor syndrome is a phenomenon that was frequently experienced among the female leaders, which could be confirmed in the literature. It could also be concluded that this was not a factor that had hindered them in their career progression. Moreover, the organizational support systems could be concluded to have a great impact in how the effects of impostor syndrome could be mitigated or further exacerbated.

This study explored the impostor phenomenon (IP) experiences of secondary public school music students by addressing three primary research questions. The first question investigated the frequency and severity of impostor feelings using both the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) and the newly developed Music Student Impostor Phenomenon Scale (MSIPS). Results revealed high levels of impostor feelings among participants (N = 824) with the original CIPS generating higher scores (M = 74.02, SD = 15.19) compared to the MSIPS (M = 69.66, SD = 10.85). Subsequent analysis categorized participants into Few, Moderate, Frequent, and Intense response levels, indicating a substantial number experiencing frequent or intense impostor feelings. The second research question explored correlations between demographic variables and reported IP scores. Gender, age, NAfME region, race/ethnicity, school music experience, parent ensemble participation, and ensemble type were analyzed for potential associations with impostor feelings. While some weak correlations emerged, the overall trend indicated universality in impostor experiences across demographic categories. Notably, the MSIPS generated lower overall scores, prompting considerations on the scale’s domain-specificity. The third research question evaluated the MSIPS’s validity and reliability. The study affirmed the scale’s reliability with Cronbach’s alpha of .876, while the content validity index (CVI) suggested its adequacy for measuring impostor feelings in a public school music context. However, challenges arose during factor analysis revealing an excessive number of factors, complicating interpretation. This study argues for reconsidering the necessity of domain-specific scales, advocating for a broader focus on universal self-perceptions contributing to the impostor phenomenon. In conclusion, this study contributes insights into the impostor phenomenon among public school music students and emphasizes the widespread occurrence of IP, advocating for a broader approach to understanding and addressing impostor feelings. The findings invite further exploration into psychotherapeutic interventions and broader considerations of the self-perceptions contributing to the impostor phenomenon. / Music Education

[pt] O propósito desta pesquisa é compreender como o aluno bolsista negro da PUC-Rio se sente nesse espaço de poder que é a universidade. Foram realizadas quatro entrevistas com alunos negros que contribuíram com as suas experiências para que tal objetivo fosse alcançado. Na dissertação, discutiram-se contextos históricos, sociais e políticos que marcam a luta do negro pelo exercício de uma cidadania plena, desde o século XIX até os dias atuais. Foi evidenciando que desde o Pós-Abolição, a percepção é a da existência de um passado prolongado e, ainda sentido no presente. Foram abordadas diversas temáticas que dialogaram com as experiências dos entrevistados, desvelando estruturas que favorecem o surgimento de sofrimento psicológico. Através das mobilizações de fontes orais e escritas, foi possível perceber que o sentimento de não pertencimento e de impostor vivenciado por algumas pessoas negras não é algo natural, mas construído historicamente. Construções sociais que têm como motor a colonialidade do poder, a ideologia do branqueamento físico e cultural, o mito da democracia racial e o racismo estrutural. São opressões que perpassam a vida do sujeito negro afetando sua saúde mental. / [en] The purpose of this research is to understand how black scholarship students of PUC-Rio feel in the university, a space made for privileged people. Four black students were interviewed, and their experience contributed to the achievement of this goal. In this dissertation are discussed historical, social and political contexts that mark the struggle of black people to achieve the exercise of full citizenship, from the 19th century to the present day. Evidencing that since the post-Abolition period, what we feel is the existence of a prolonged past, which is still felt in the present. Several themes related to the interviewees experiences were addressed, revealing social structures that favor the emergence of psychological suffering. Through the analysis of oral and written sources, it was possible to perceive that the feeling of not belonging and of being an impostor experienced by some black people is not something natural, but something that was historically built. This social construction was built on the colonialism of power, the ideology of physical and cultural whitening, the myth of racial democracy and the structural racism. These are oppressions that permeate black people s lives, affecting their mental health.

Объектом исследования явился феномен самозванца. Предметом исследования стала связь феномена самозванца с обычным (грандиозным) и сензитивным (уязвимым) нарциссизмом и самоотношением. Выпускная квалификационная работа состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (67 источников) и приложений, включающих в себя бланки применявшихся методик. Объем ВКР 99 страниц, на которых размещены 19 рисунков и 19 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по темам феномена самозванца, нарциссизма и самоотношения. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: «Шкале феномена самозванца» П. Кланс, «Нарциссическому опроснику личности» (NPI-16), «Шкале сензитивного нарциссизма» (HSNS) и «Опроснику самоотношения» В.В. Столина и С.Р. Пантилеева. Также в главе представлен сравнительный и корреляционный анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам и обоснована практическая значимость исследования. / The object matter of the study is impostor phenomenon. The subject of the study is the interrelation between the impostor phenomenon and ordinary (grandiose) and sensitive (vulnerable) narcissism and self-attitude. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of literature (67 sources) and some appendixes, which includes the forms of the applied methodologies. The volume of the master's thesis is 99 pages, on which are placed 19 figures and 19 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the development of the problematics, the purpose and objectives of the research are set, the object and the subject of research are determined, the basic and additional hypotheses are formulated, the methods and the empirical base are specified, as well as the stages of the research, the scientific novelty, the theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes an overview of the domestic and foreign literature on the subject of impostor phenomenon, narcissism and self-attitude. Conclusions on the first chapter are the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It provides a description of the organization and methods of the study and the results obtained using all the methods used: Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale, CIPS; Narcissistic Personality Inventory - NPI-16; Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale, HSNS; Self-Attitude Questionnaire developed by V.V. Stolin and S.R. Pantileev. Also, the chapter presents a comparative, correlation of the study. The findings of Chapter 2 are the main results of the empirical study. In conclusion, brief results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work are presented, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses. The practical significance of the study is substantiated and possible prospects for further development of the problematics are described.

Lisa Markley, a.k.a. "Miz Markley", is a genuinely happy person even if she is not particularly financially successful as a musician. In an effort to validate my own choices as an artist, I chose to follow her. What was intended to be a portrait of a working musician, becomes instead a feminist musical essay film about the transformative power of art making.