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Using Basic Quality Tools to Improve Production Yields and Product Quality in ManufacturingBlack, Steve E 01 December 2015 (has links)
As the U.S. and world economies emerge from years of recession, the hardwood flooring market is currently enjoying strong growth. With this growth come new challenges for hardwood flooring manufacturers. Strong competition from foreign markets and rising log prices are reducing product margins and forcing companies to think lean, while improving product quality.
QEP Wood Flooring division, who struggled through the worst of the U.S. economic down turn is now regaining ground as a strong competitor in the hardwood flooring market. This turnaround is due to internal changes to decrease waste and increase product quality. This is accomplished by using the quality control department as a tool to aid manufacturing.
To accomplish these changes, QEP implemented the use of quality tools and employee awareness training; as a result QEP increased overall product quality and yields while reducing customer claim pay outs.
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A Tool for the Analysis of Real Options in Sustainability Improvement ProjectsBoonchanta, Napon 2012 August 1900 (has links)
The major challenges in sustainable implementation are the financial issue and uncertainties. The traditional financial budgeting approach that is commonly used to evaluate sustainable projects normally neglects future decisions that might need to be made over the course of a project. The real options approach has been suggested as a tool for strategic decision making because it can provide flexibility which can increase the project value. Researchers have been trying to identify the potential of the real options approach, and provide the frameworks for a real options evaluation and flexible strategy in sustainability improvement. However, some important variables and financial impacts explanation of real options are missing. Models can be improved to show the variation of possible project values along with its behavior. This work aims to improve the real options model in sustainable projects to provide understanding about the financial impacts of flexible strategy to sustainable improvement projects and to be used as a tool to assist decision making. The results showed that real options can have a positive financial impact to the project. The extension of this model can assist the analysis and development of decision policies.
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Um metamodelo de perfis de capacidade de processo / A process capability profiles metamodelBanhesse, Edgar Lopes, 1979- 23 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Clenio Figueiredo Salviano, Clenio Figueiredo Salviano / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T14:19:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A Melhoria de Processo de Software (MPS) em organizações intensivas em software está estabelecida na indústria como um meio bem sucedido para melhorar o desenvolvimento de software. Um ciclo de MPS tem sido orientado por um modelo de maturidade da capacidade, geral-mente um modelo do CMMI ou um modelo baseado na Norma Internacional ISO/IEC 15504 (SPICE). Como consequência dessa melhora, existe um conjunto de fatores que levam a uma evolução da atual MPS para tratar novas oportunidades de melhoria. Entre esses fatores existem: os princípios fundamentais dos modelos e os múltiplos modelos. O objetivo deste projeto de pesquisa é propor e mostrar que é viável utilizar um Metamodelo de Perfis de Capacidade de Processo para promover a integração de elementos de Múltiplos Modelos de Capacidade de Processo de Software. Este projeto faz parte de um esforço de pesquisa em direção a uma proposta de evolução da atual MPS. A especificação de um metamodelo foi revisada e foram especificadas as funcionalidades de uma ferramenta de software para representar e transformar arquiteturas de modelos de capacidade; esta ferramenta foi implementada como uma prova de conceito para validar o metamodelo. A ferramenta foi utilizada para representar e transformar modelos de arquiteturas diferentes a fim de promover a integração de elementos de múltiplos modelos, seis Perfis de Capacidade de Processo foram gerados e avaliados por seis especialistas em modelos. A avaliação e análise dos perfis foram satisfatórias, pois mostrou que o metamodelo implementado foi capaz de representar e transformar elementos de Múltiplos Modelos de Capacidade de Processo / Abstract: Software Process Improvement (SPI) in software intensive organizations has been established in industry as a successful way to improve software development. A SPI cycle has been driven by a capability maturity model, usually a CMMI model or a model based on the International Standard ISO/IEC 15504 (SPICE). As a result of this improvement, there is a group of factors that lead to an evolution in current SPI, addressing new opportunities of improvement. Among these factors are: fundamental principles of models and multiple models. The objective of this research project is to propose and show that it is feasible to use a Process Capability Profiles Metamodel to promote integration of elements from Multiple Models of Software Process Capability. This project is part of research effort towards a proposed evolution of current SPI. A metamodel specification has been reviewed and the software tool features were specified to represent and transform capability models architectures; this tool has been implemented as a proof of concept to validate the metamodel. The tool was used to represent and transform models of different architectures in order to promote the integration of elements from multiple models; six Process Capability Profiles have been generated and evaluated by six models experts. The profiles evaluation and analysis were satisfactory, whereas they have shown that the metamodel implemented was able to represent and transform elements from Multiple Models of Process Capability / Mestrado / Engenharia de Computação / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Fatores críticos para a implantação de projetos industriais de melhoria contínuaWilson Yoshio Tanaka 03 July 2010 (has links)
Os resultados de projetos de melhoria contínua nas empresas dependem de fatores que compõem o ambiente em que os trabalhos são realizados. Conhecer estes fatores e trabalhá-los de forma preventiva aumenta o potencial de obtenção de melhores resultados e sucesso de conclusão de projetos de melhoria. Nesse sentido, O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar fatores para a implantação de projetos de melhoria no ambiente operário industrial. Este estudo levanta os fatores por meio de entrevistas realizadas com líderes de projetos de melhoria em três empresas de um mesmo grupo, e os avalia em uma empresa de consultoria de projetos de melhoria contínua, com ampla experiência em manufatura enxuta. Destacaram-se entre os resultados o comprometimento da alta direção, a liderança, os projetos alinhados com as metas do negócio, a cultura de melhoria contínua, as metas, o exemplo do líder como Fatores Críticos de Sucesso. / The results of continuous improvement projects in companies depend on factors that compose the environment in which jobs are performed. Knowing these factors and work them preventively increases the potential for obtaining better results and successful completion of improvement projects. In this sense, the objective is to examine the critical factors for the deployment of improvement projects on the environment industrial worker. This study raises the factors through interviews with leaders of improvement projects in three companies in the same group, and assesses them in a consulting firm in continuous improvement projects, with extensive experience in lean manufacturing. Stood out as important factors in the top management commitment, leadership, projects align with business targets, a culture of continuous improvement, the targets and the leaders example as Critical Success Factors.
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Análise de projetos de melhoria da produção: concepção de ferramenta estruturada e estudos de casoLizarelli, Fabiane Letícia 19 December 2008 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2008-12-19 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / The capacity to improve the processes has been considered as an important factor for the companies competitiveness. However, the improvement activities don't happen spontaneously, people involved must have knowledge and abilities, besides domain on techniques and methods to achieve the improvement. Therefore, the company needs to invest in training, to make possible that the people involved in improvement projects dedicate time, and to support with financial and organizational resources. This investment will be applied to accomplish improvement projects, but, however, how to verify if the efforts are being used in an effective way? For that, it is necessary to measure the efforts allocated for the accomplishment of the activities and to compare with the obtained results. The importance of this study is its contribution for the evaluation of improvement projects. Besides, the theme has relevance, considering the shortage of works that analyze the factors involved for the accomplishment of improvement actions, quantify them and compare with the obtained results. The bases for that investigation are the descriptions found in the literature, they present the efforts involved for the improvement accomplishment and the possible results. For the investigation, some approaches were analyzed, like Total Quality Management, Kaizen and Six Sigma, identifying the efforts that each one judges necessary for the improvement and to achieve results. All these information helped to create a structured tool to measure and to characterize the improvement projects. To use the tool are necessary some procedures, of rising and analysis data related to the projects efforts and results. This work was developed using multiple cases study, were investigated four companies, which have improvement culture disseminated, guaranteed by the use of programs like Lean Production and Six Sigma, allowing an analysis of different improvement project types. It was verified that utilizing the tool developed in this research was possible to evaluate the improvement projects, verifying the relation between efforts and results. / A capacidade de melhorar os processos tem sido considerada como fator imprescindível para a competitividade das empresas. Contudo, as atividades de melhoria não ocorrem espontaneamente, é necessário que as pessoas envolvidas estejam capacitadas, possuam conhecimentos e habilidades, além de domínio sobre técnicas e métodos. Dessa maneira, a empresa precisa investir em capacitação, treinamento, possibilitar que as pessoas envolvidas dediquem tempo para as ações de melhoria e apoiar com recursos financeiros e organizacionais. Esse investimento será direcionado para realizar projetos de melhoria, mas, no entanto, como verificar se os esforços estão sendo utilizados de maneira eficaz? Para isso, é necessário mensurar os esforços alocados para a realização das atividades e comparar com os resultados obtidos. A importância deste estudo é dada por sua contribuição para a avaliação de projetos de melhoria. Além disso, o tema pesquisado tem relevância, considerando a escassez de trabalhos que analisam os fatores envolvidos para a realização de ações de melhoria, os quantificam e comparam com os resultados obtidos. Tem-se como base para essa investigação as descrições encontradas na literatura, que apresentam os esforços envolvidos para a realização da melhoria e os possíveis resultados. Para essa investigação foram analisadas abordagens como Gestão da Qualidade Total, Kaizen e Seis Sigma, identificando os esforços que cada uma julga necessário para realização da melhoria e os resultados esperados com as mesmas. Com base nessas informações foi criada uma ferramenta estruturada para auxiliar na mensuração e caracterização dos projetos de melhoria. Para a utilização da ferramenta são necessários procedimentos de coleta e análise de dados referentes aos esforços utilizados e aos resultados obtidos. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com estudo de múltiplos casos em quatro empresas de grande porte e que possuem a cultura da melhoria disseminada na organização, isso é assegurado pela adoçao de programas como Produção Enxuta e Seis Sigma. Foram analisados diferentes tipos de projetos de melhoria em cada empresa. Constatou-se que foi possível avaliar os projetos de melhoria utilizando a ferramenta desenvolvida no trabalho, verificando a relação entre esforços e resultados de cada projeto.
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Jaunosios – senosios kartų katalikiškosios srovės politikų konfliktai tarpukario Lietuvoje / Catholic society elder and younger generations politicians conflict in a period between two World wars in LithuaniaRačkauskas, Tadas 16 August 2007 (has links)
Darbe analizuojamas tarpukario Lietuvos, t.y., I respublikos katalikiškosios visuomenės senosios - jaunosios kartų visuomenininkų bei politikų konfliktas, kuris atspindėjo to meto lietuvių visuomenės politinio brendimo evoliuciją.
IV-ojo dešimtmečio pradžioje, baigę Vakarų Europos universitetus į Lietuvą grįžo nauja katalikų intelektualų banga. Pastarieji remdamiesi modernia Vakarų tradicija svarstė Lietuvos santvarkos tobulinimo projektus. A. Smetonos autoritarizmo metais nesant galimybių aktyviai veikti politinėje opozicijoje, pastarieji pradėjo Lietuvos modernizacijos planus skelbdami kultūros ir viešojo gyvenimo lituanizaciją. Subrendę jau 1918 m. nepriklausomoje Lietuvoje jie nejautė sentimentų pokarinei liberaliosios demokratijos tradicijai, tai buvo viena pamatinių konflikto priežasčių su senosios kartos Lietuvos visuomenininkais ir politikais.
Politinių santykių įtampos sferoje senosios - jaunosios katalikų kartų konfliktas ryškiausiai pasireiškė demokratijos - partokratijos, konservatizmo - radikalizmo bei pozicijos - opozicijos aspektuose. Jaunoji karta sekdama bei orientuodamasi į modernizacijos Vakarų Europoje procesus kritiškai vertino senosios kartos konservatyvumą, archaišką demokratijos sampratos suvokimą bei politinės opozicijos konstruktyvaus veiksnio valstybės valdyme ignoravimą.
Vertindami tuometines Europos santvarkas, tuo pačiu mėgindami kurti savitą lietuvišką modelį jie idealizavo vadizmo, autoriteto svarbą politiniame gyvenime. Žavėjosi dinamiška... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This work analyse a period between two world wars in Lithuania when on a first republic political system conflict two sides – catholic society elder and younger generations leading by public-spirited persons and politicians. This conflict was the main reflection of Lithuanian society political ripening evolution.
A new catholic character wave has reached Lithuania on a 4th decade. Most of them have just finished West Europe universities. Last-mentioned wave consider a new state system improvement projects in their country going entirely to West countries tradition. Primarily they started Lithuanian modernization plans by propagating culture and public life Lithuanization considering to possibilities for active work in A.Smetona Authoritarianism opposition. The younger generation mature already on 1918. They did not feel any regards to liberal democracy tradition in Lithuania after First World War. That was one of the main conflict reasons with elder generation public-spirited persons and politicians.
Elder and younger generations conflict highly expressed on a political relation stress of action field by democracy – party interest, conservatism – radicalism and position – opposition antithesis relation. Younger generation critically valued conservatism of elder generation according to West Europe modernization processes. Also they criticised archaic democracy conception perceive and political opposition slight how one of the main constructive state management factor.
Younger... [to full text]
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台北市重大公共工程拆遷戶安置模式之研究 / The reshousing for Demolished Households of the Important Public Physical Imporvement Projects eng. in Taipei周美伶, Chou, May-Lin Unknown Date (has links)
重大公共工程是健全都市及區域發展的重點之一,攸關全市居民生活品質。近年來台北市有許多重大公共工程完成或正在進行中,其中關於拆遷戶之安置方式,往往因資訊的不對稱,導致彼此的認知不同,因而產生許多紛爭,造成拆遷戶與規劃工程單位之間的隔閡。鑑於公共工程之特殊性,拆遷戶很難於原地安置,特別是重大交通工程及公園的開發等,雖說可以採用公共設施多目標發展之構想,於原地進行拆遷戶之安置,但能夠安置之數量有限,而且,也不是每一種公共工程皆適用此種開發方式,特別是交通工程的開發,影響範圍多呈線型,與一般呈現面狀的公共工程影響範圍不盡相同,因此,需要因應不同的公共工程之需求進行安置模式之選擇。
目前相關單位對於公共工程拆遷戶之安置,多採用「列入國宅等候名單優先購買或承租國宅」之方式,此種趨向一元化的安置方式,不僅無法滿足不同類型拆遷戶之需要,且模糊了國宅政策原本以協助低收入家庭的目的,更對其他國宅等候戶形成不公。經由案例的分析得知,台北市重大工程拆遷戶安置的課題,在經濟財務方面有拆遷戶認定的標準缺乏、未考量較難計量的損失、政府龐大的拆遷補償支出,在社會面之課題有拆遷戶分類方式之缺失、未考量弱勢團體之特殊需求,在法令制度面則有安置相關法令的缺乏、缺乏有效的實行機制、違章建築的處理及政治方面的協商等問題。
研究內容主要就經濟財務、社會及法令制度之觀點進行,重大工程拆遷戶安置情形、課題與理念之探討,由拆遷戶之權屬、身份、家庭收入、家庭組成型態等特性,進行類型之區分,建立台北市重大公共工程拆遷戶之分類,以及安置模式基本理念,對於拆遷戶之權益擬定計算之標準,與財務估算方式的建立,依據本研究對台北市重大公共工程拆遷戶之分類,研擬合宜之安置模式並加以評估,依據前述之分析,擬定安置計畫之可能內容,提供相關單位處理重大公共工程拆遷戶安置計畫法制化之建議,藉以修正以往過於簡化之安置方式。
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Intelligent Energy-Savings and Process Improvement Strategies in Energy-Intensive Industries / Intelligent Energy-Savings and Process Improvement Strategies in Energy-Intensive IndustriesTeng, Sin Yong January 2020 (has links)
S tím, jak se neustále vyvíjejí nové technologie pro energeticky náročná průmyslová odvětví, stávající zařízení postupně zaostávají v efektivitě a produktivitě. Tvrdá konkurence na trhu a legislativa v oblasti životního prostředí nutí tato tradiční zařízení k ukončení provozu a k odstavení. Zlepšování procesu a projekty modernizace jsou zásadní v udržování provozních výkonů těchto zařízení. Současné přístupy pro zlepšování procesů jsou hlavně: integrace procesů, optimalizace procesů a intenzifikace procesů. Obecně se v těchto oblastech využívá matematické optimalizace, zkušeností řešitele a provozní heuristiky. Tyto přístupy slouží jako základ pro zlepšování procesů. Avšak, jejich výkon lze dále zlepšit pomocí moderní výpočtové inteligence. Účelem této práce je tudíž aplikace pokročilých technik umělé inteligence a strojového učení za účelem zlepšování procesů v energeticky náročných průmyslových procesech. V této práci je využit přístup, který řeší tento problém simulací průmyslových systémů a přispívá následujícím: (i)Aplikace techniky strojového učení, která zahrnuje jednorázové učení a neuro-evoluci pro modelování a optimalizaci jednotlivých jednotek na základě dat. (ii) Aplikace redukce dimenze (např. Analýza hlavních komponent, autoendkodér) pro vícekriteriální optimalizaci procesu s více jednotkami. (iii) Návrh nového nástroje pro analýzu problematických částí systému za účelem jejich odstranění (bottleneck tree analysis – BOTA). Bylo také navrženo rozšíření nástroje, které umožňuje řešit vícerozměrné problémy pomocí přístupu založeného na datech. (iv) Prokázání účinnosti simulací Monte-Carlo, neuronové sítě a rozhodovacích stromů pro rozhodování při integraci nové technologie procesu do stávajících procesů. (v) Porovnání techniky HTM (Hierarchical Temporal Memory) a duální optimalizace s několika prediktivními nástroji pro podporu managementu provozu v reálném čase. (vi) Implementace umělé neuronové sítě v rámci rozhraní pro konvenční procesní graf (P-graf). (vii) Zdůraznění budoucnosti umělé inteligence a procesního inženýrství v biosystémech prostřednictvím komerčně založeného paradigmatu multi-omics.
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