Bis heute ist noch kein Druckwerk der litauischen religiösen rituellen Volksgesänge mit Noten eingeteilt nach ethnographischen Gebieten der Republik erschienen; es gibt auf diesem Gebiet noch keine eigenen Traditionen. Einen ersten Versuch machte der Autor mit seinem Buch \"Der Kreuzweg von Zemaiciq Kalvarija. Leichenschmausgesänge\" (mit Noten). Die hier zusammengefaßte Studie ist eine Fortsetzung seines früher erschienenen Werkes. Sie betrifft schon nicht mehr Zemaitija, sondern Kleinlitauen mit seiner reichen Geschichte, ethnokulturellen Vergangenheit, zahlreichen Liedern und besonders eigenartigen religiösen Ritusgesängen, die in der evangelisch-lutherischen Gemeinde noch lebendig sind.

Der 6. Juli 2009 stand in Nordeuropa ganz im Zeichen der Millenniumsfeier Litauens. Zahlreiche Staatsoberhäupter waren nach Vilnius gekommen, um das wieder aufgebaute Königsschloss und die Jubiläumsausstellungen im Nationalmuseum zu besichtigen. Im Zentrum der aus diesem Anlass eröffneten Millenniums-Ausstellung zur Geschichte des Landes steht eine Dresdner Leihgabe: die Handschrift der „Quedlinburger Annalen“, in der Litauen zum ersten Male erwähnt wird.

Energy security is currently a favourite topic. It is being talked about in the context of several conflicts in Third World countries that, due to the supply of energy raw materials such as oil and gas, affect the rest of the world. For some states, however, the issue of ensuring energy security is a more vital. Some states, such as the Baltic countries - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, are dependent on supplies of fossil fuels from neighbouring countries. Moreover, up until recently their energy markets have not been liberalized, nor connected to the rest of the Europe. It is a well-known fact that the Russian Federation is the main supplier of these raw materials to them. Therefore, the Baltic states have been trying to reduce the influence of the Russian Federation in the Baltic region since they regained independence 26 years ago. This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the energy security of all three Baltic countries. The thesis carefully analyses all aspects of their energy sector. It examines the historical development of the region, thanks to which we can understand the influence of the Russian Federation on the Baltics energy sector, as well as the level of international cooperation of the Baltic states with the EU in ensuring energy security. The analysis also focus on the...

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The English language holds a status of a global Lingua Franca that is geographically and historically unique, and English dominance and the language ideologies surrounding it have been the subject of extensive research and discussions. Two contrasting viewpoints significant for these discussions are the idea of the global spread of English as a form of linguistic imperialism, and the idea of the global spread of English as a natural, and mostly positive, consequence of globalisation. In light of this dispute, it is of particular interest to examine the ideologies surrounding the spread of English in countries with a recent history of non-anglophone linguistic imperialism. Such countries are, for example, the former republics of the Soviet Union.  This study investigates attitudes to English in Lithuania and analyses them in relation to its history of linguistic Russification during the Soviet Union. The analysis is based on data sampled through a questionnaire targeting Lithuanians. The data is analysed using a qualitative thematic analysis method and discussed in relation to previous studies on the same topic. Three recurring trends that correspond to findings in previous studies were detected, namely English as an opportunity, English as a threat and English as an alternative to Russian. In order to draw any general conclusions regarding attitudes to English in Lithuania, further studies with larger sample sizes would be recommended.

The Bacewicz family is truly a remarkable cultural phenomenon, symbolic for the history of the creative intelligentsia of the former Polish-Lithuanian Empire.

Rezension eines Werkes zur Geschichte der Musik Litauens

In this master's thesis, I studied the migration of Lithuanian swimmers to the United States. This study covered the period from 1990 when Lithuania regained its independence from the Soviet Union to 2004 when it joined the European Union and opened up to the free labor market movement.  In the 20th century, sports activity grew into a global and multi-billion-dollar industry. Currently, research into the sports migration process is becoming increasingly important in the scientific discourse of sports science. However, it is still a relatively rare occurrence.  Various research and insights into this phenomenon can only be discovered in the context of professional sports such as football, basketball, hockey, rugby, and other popular sports. However, in the area of ​​non-revenue sports, migration is a relatively unexplored area. In this way, my master's study analyzing migration in swimming will be one of the first steps in further research. This master's study tried to fill the gap in the academic discourse by deepening and gaining data on the narrow field of Lithuanian swimmers. As swimming is not a commercially successful sport, the United States was the only destination to migrate for Lithuanian swimmers. Research by Bale (1991) showed that the one main reason for the migration of international student-athletes to American universities is academic sports scholarships, which provide free participation in sports and higher education. This study will help strengthen prior findings and unveil other factors and reasons affecting the migration of international students to U.S. universities. The findings of this study contributed to a deeper understanding of the situation and motivation of migrants athletes in non-revenue sports. The study results also provide insights and context for a better understanding of the reasons for migration from the small post-Soviet country. The research showed that most Lithuanian swimmers recognized better conditions to improve abroad than in Lithuania. The quality of most of their sports training conditions was poor or insufficient. The recruitment process and contacts played an essential role in establishing connections with university coaches; only after establishing relationships with coaches in America, Lithuanian swimmers opened their way to the United States.  The study utilized a qualitative case study methodology, including twelve semi-structured interviews. Eight interviews were done with swimmers who went to the United States to compete in sports and receive education, and four interviews were done with athletes who remained to develop their talents in Lithuania. All the interviews were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. This master's thesis applied world-systems theory (Wallerstein, 1974) as a framework for exploring and understanding the experiences and motivations of research participants from their experienced perspective.