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京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第23064号 / 医博第4691号 / 新制||医||1048(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 今中 雄一, 教授 伊達 洋至, 教授 中山 健夫 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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In this thesis, I first present Fred Dretske's theory of mental represent- ations, which purports to show how a physical thing could have (non-derived) meaning. In order to illustrate the applicability of the theory to an actual physical system, I discuss the theory in relation to two theories of audio localization (i.e., the capacity to locate the source of sounds in one's environment). Having clarified the theory, I examine two charges laid against it. Lynne Rudder Baker charges the theory with circularity. Her charge is refuted by appealing to the concept of a "standby function." Stephen Stich charges the theory with vagueness. His charge is refuted by appealing to a general analysis of functions. I conclude that a careful use and analysis of the previously unanalyzed term "function" makes possible the refutation of these two charges. / Master of Arts

Space-time adaptive processing (STAP) for bistatic airborne radar offers several advantages, such as the higher possibility of detecting stealth targets. However, in a bistatic environment, the usual impediment and possible clutter in-homogeneity is further complicated by the rangedependent nature of the clutter ridge in the angle-Doppler plane induced by the physical geometry of the two aircrafts. This complicates the clutter suppression problem and leads to signi cant degradation in performance. The major objective of this thesis is to develop training methods for bistatic radar operation in a dense environment of ground-moving targets. The work is directed towards what may be called `small STAP', where the number of spatial channels is small and the array is non-uniform. The work is motivated by a desire to minimise the amount of navigational data associated with both the transmitter and receiver. Furthermore, it is directed towards environments where all range gates may contain targets. This thesis presents several novel STAP approaches, which can be classi ed into two main categories, to address the range dependency problem within a bistatic airborne radar framework. The rst category is on training strategies for joint-domain localised (JDL)-STAP in a bistatic environment. The JDL algorithm is originally proposed to reduce the computational complexity for monostatic radar by using a two-dimensional discrete Fourier transformation to transform the data from the space-time domain into the angle-Doppler domain. However, it has restrictions that essentially assume the receiving antenna to be an equi-spaced linear array of ideal, isotropic, point sensors. Two novel algorithms are proposed to overcome these two restrictions and they incorporate angle and Doppler compensation into the JDL processor to mitigate the bistatic clutter Doppler range dependency problem. In addition, a novel JDL in-the-gate processing approach is proposed, which forgoes the training data requirement and operates solely on the test data set. This single data set detection approach alleviates the high target density or heterogeneity problems associated with the training data requirement of conventional STAP algorithms. It is particularly applicable to heterogeneous environments where the clutter homogeneity assumption does not hold or independent training data is not readily available. The second category is on bistatic STAP training without navigation data. A novel technique is proposed to predict the range-dependent inverse covariance matrix, which is used to compute the STAP lter weights, by utilising linear prediction theory. The proposed technique provides mitigation against additional clutter notches resulting from range and Doppler ambiguities. It also allows for detection in other range gates under test without having to re-compute the prediction weights. Another novel technique is proposed to obtain an estimate of the rangedependent inverse covariance matrix by using an eigen-analysis based method. This technique involves applying eigen-decomposition to the covariance matrix in each range gate, sorting the eigenvalues by using maximum inner-product of the eigenvectors of the training range gate with respect to the test range gate and then averaging the resulting sorted eigenvalues. Both of the proposed techniques eliminate the requirement for a uniform linear array and can be applied to arrays of arbitrary con guration. No navigational data or parameter estimation is necessary as only the clutter data is required, thus reducing real-time computational costs.

It¡¦s common to see sex indicated advertisements on TV. Some of them have overemphasized the element of sex attraction. It¡¦s interesting to find out how receivers response to such kinds of advertisements. This thesis studied the relationship among advertising cognition, advertising attitude and buying desire in sex indicated TV advertisement. Research result shows advertising cognition apparently affects advertising attitude. Advertising attitude apparently affects buying desire. Population characteristic partially affects advertising attitude. Within relationship between advertising cognition and advertising attitude, advertisement acceptance and ethic were discussed. For advertisement acceptance, product related to sex or not doesn¡¦t apparently affect acceptance. Lower product involvement gets higher acceptance. Higher sex indication gets lower acceptance. More graceful advertisement has better acceptance. For ethic influence, no matter high product sexual relationship, high product involvement, or high sexual indication, receivers think they will have worse impact to ethic. However, more graceful advertisement has less ethic impact. Within relationship between advertising attitude and buying desire, receivers have higher buying desire while they have higher advertisement acceptance, but ethic impact doesn¡¦t affect their buying desire. From population point of view, there is no difference in advertisement acceptance no matter the receiver is male or female, also no matter whether the receiver has child or hasn¡¦t. However, female receivers think sex indicated advertisement affect ethic more than male receivers. Receivers who have child also think it affects ethic more than the one who have no child.

Introdução: Determinar critérios de indicação e contra-indicação para os tratamentos psicanalíticos é um ponto técnico crucial para a obtenção de melhora terapêutica. Entretanto, estes critérios costumam basear-se em especulações teóricas, não em investigações empíricas. Mesmo havendo discussão a respeito do que se considera melhora para o referencial psicanalítico, é relevante investigar se há diferença entre o perfil de pacientes que melhoram e não melhoram nas fases iniciais da psicoterapia psicanalítica, pois este dado tem o potencial de ser útil na indicação de tratamentos. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar preditores de indicação/contra-indicação, concordância/não concordância em iniciar tratamento e melhora/não melhora inicial na psicoterapia psicanalítica de adultos. Método: Tratase de uma coorte realizada em ambulatório de saúde mental de Porto Alegre com 557 pacientes que buscaram atendimento em um período de 20 meses. Foram aplicados instrumentos para verificar qualidade de vida, sintomas e estilo defensivo dos pacientes na triagem e ao sexto mês de tratamento. Os pacientes foram alocados, com base na avaliação dos triadores e terapeutas e a partir de questionários autoaplicáveis, em: não indicação para psicoterapia psicanalítica, não concordância em iniciar tratamento, melhora/não melhora. Resultados: Primeiramente, constatou-se que os terapeutas que atendem neste ambulatório aderem, na amostra estudada, à técnica de psicoterapia psicanalítica em suas intervenções. O acompanhamento dos pacientes possibilitou encontrar que aqueles que buscam atendimento por queixas somáticas ou por queixas de atenção e com baixa escolaridade apresentaram menor probabilidade de receber indicação para psicoterapia psicanalítica; pacientes que percebem seus sintomas como muito intensos no momento da busca apresentaram maior probabilidade de receberem indicação para este tratamento. Uma vez indicados para psicoterapia psicanalítica, os preditores de não concordância em iniciar tratamento foram: baixa escolaridade, baixa renda familiar, diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, transtorno esquizotípico ou delirante, queixas depressivas e/ou nunca ter feito psicoterapia antes da busca atual. Os pacientes que permaneciam em tratamento ao final do sexto mês relataram melhor qualidade de vida, menor número de sintomas, redução na intensidade dos sintomas presentes e mudanças em alguns aspectos do seu estilo defensivo. Pacientes que buscaram tratamento por problemas de ansiedade apresentaram maior risco de não relatar melhora na qualidade de vida, sintomatologia e estilo defensivo nos seis primeiros meses de psicoterapia. Conclusões: Apesar de a psicoterapia psicanalítica ser um tratamento de longa duração, pacientes demonstraram melhora na qualidade de vida, nos sintomas apresentados e no estilo defensivo logo nos primeiros seis meses de atendimento. É relevante fomentar estudos que investiguem o papel da interação paciente-terapeuta na determinação da melhora do paciente e na indicação para psicoterapia psicanalítica, e não apenas características individuais do paciente. É necessário rever a técnica empregada durante as avaliações iniciais para aqueles pacientes com o perfil de não concordância em iniciar tratamento, considerando tanto a análise das resistências capazes de serem superadas durante este período inicial como a verificação de outros possíveis tratamentos mais bem indicados para estes casos. / Introduction: To determine criteria of indication and contraindication for psychoanalytic treatments is a crucial technical point for obtaining therapeutic improvement. However, these criteria are usually based on theoretical speculation, not on empirical investigations. Even though there is debate about how to define improvement within the psychoanalytic approach, it is important to investigate whether there are differences between the profile of patients who improve and those who do not improve during early stages of psychoanalytic psychotherapy, because this information have potential to be useful when indicating treatments. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of indication/contraindication, agreement/disagreement in starting treatment and improvement/no improvement during initial stages of psychoanalytic psychotherapy of adults. Methods: This was a cohort study conducted at an outpatient mental health clinic of Porto Alegre (Southern Brazil) with 557 patients who sought treatment in a period of 20 months. Instruments were administered to check quality of life, symptoms and defensive style of patients at the intake interview and at the sixth month of treatment. Patients were allocated, based on the evaluation of their interviewers and therapists and from selfadministered questionnaires, into: not indicated for psychoanalytic psychotherapy, not concordant to initiate treatment, improved / did not improve after six months of treatment. Results: First, we found that a sample of therapists who attend at this clinic adhere to the psychoanalytic psychotherapy technique in their interventions. The follow-up analyzes showed that patients who seek care because of somatic or attention complaints or complaints and with low educational level were less likely to be indicated for psychoanalytic psychotherapy; patients who perceive their symptoms as very intense at the time of the search were more likely to be indicated to this treatment. Once referred to psychoanalytic psychotherapy, the predictors of non-agreement in starting treatment were: low educational level, low family income, diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizotypal or delusional disorder, depressive symptoms, and/or never having undergone psychotherapy before. Patients who remained on treatment at the end of the sixth month reported better quality of life, fewer symptoms, reduction in the intensity of symptoms, and changes in some aspects of defensive style. Patients seeking treatment for anxiety disorders had higher risk of not reporting improvement in quality of life, symptoms and defensive style in the first six months of psychotherapy. Conclusions: Although psychoanalytic psychotherapy is considered a long-term treatment, patients demonstrated improvement in quality of life, symptoms and defensive style during the first six months of treatment. It is important to encourage studies to investigate the role of the patient-therapist interaction in the determination of patient improvement and indication/contraindication for psychoanalytic psychotherapy, not just individual characteristics of the patient. It is necessary to review the technique used during the initial assessments for those patients with the profile of non-agreement to start treatment, considering both the analysis of resistances capable to be overcome during this initial period as checking for other possible treatments better indicated for these cases.

A vitivinicultura brasileira vem se transformando muito nos últimos 20 anos e a abertura da economia, na década de 90, trouxe incertezas para o setor vitivinícola, que foi induzido a criar novas estratégias de competitividade. O município de Farroupilha é o terceiro maior produtor de uvas do Rio Grande do Sul e o maior produtor de uvas moscatéis para processamento. Essa condição estimulou a criação da Associação Farroupilhense dos Produtores de Vinhos, Espumantes, Sucos e Derivados (AFAVIN), com foco e objetivo de divulgar e defender os produtos elaborados no município, para os quais foi definido como estratégia de inovação e competitividade o desenvolvimento de uma Indicação Geográfica de produtos de qualidade e identidade regional. Nesse contexto, a dissertação objetivou analisar a vitivinicultura vinculada à AFAVIN com o fim de propor estratégias de ação e transferência de tecnologias como subsídio para melhorar a qualidade dos produtos, agregar competitividade e sustentabilidade à cadeia produtiva da região e para consolidar o processo de desenvolvimento da IP Farroupilha, pois nem sempre as empresas e os produtores estão preparados para mudanças. Para o estudo foi criada metodologia para levantamento das informações de vinícolas e de propriedades fornecedoras de uvas, bem como sua análise, identificando os principais gargalos, as demandas de Transferência de Tecnologia, de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento e de políticas institucionais (que não dependam somente de TT e/ou P&D), que possam contribuir para o desenvolvimento da IP Farroupilha. Este estudo é inovador e a análise dos resultados permitiu caracterizar as propriedades vitícolas e as vinícolas vinculadas à AFAVIN, propondo ações para consolidar o processo de desenvolvimento da IP Farroupilha, melhorando a qualidade dos produtos, agregando competitividade e sustentabilidade à cadeia produtiva da região. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-06-16T14:08:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Joao Carlos Taffarel.pdf: 5127415 bytes, checksum: 4b67e7d91229145fcc912536c9ab3c59 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-16T14:08:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Joao Carlos Taffarel.pdf: 5127415 bytes, checksum: 4b67e7d91229145fcc912536c9ab3c59 (MD5) / The brazilian viticulture faced a huge transformation in the last 20 years, especially after the economic changes in the in the 90’s decade. The new scenarios brought uncertainties to the viticulture sector that stimulated the adoption of competitiveness strategies. The city of Farroupilha is the third biggest grape producer of Rio Grande do Sul and the biggest muscat grape for processing producer. This condition stimulated the creation of Associação Farroupilhense dos Produtores de Vinhos, Espumantes, Sucos e Derivados (AFAVIN), focused on the promotion of innovation and competitiveness strategies for the development of a geographic indication of quality products and regional identity. Within this context, the dissertation analyzed the viticulturists linked to AFAVIN with the purpose to identify opportunities for technology transfer as a way to improve the quality of products and aggregate competitiveness and sustainability to the regional production chain and to consolidate the developing process of Farroupilha Geografical Indication (IG). For this study, wineries and grape producers were analysed in order to identify the main bottlenecks and demands for technology transfer, research and development and application of institutional policies that can contribute for the development of Farroupilha IP. This study the results allowed the characterization of the viticulture properties and the wineries linked to AFAVIN, proposing actions to consolidate the process of development of Farroupilha IP in order to improve the quality of products, aggregate competitiveness and sustainability to the regional production chain.

Introdução: Determinar critérios de indicação e contra-indicação para os tratamentos psicanalíticos é um ponto técnico crucial para a obtenção de melhora terapêutica. Entretanto, estes critérios costumam basear-se em especulações teóricas, não em investigações empíricas. Mesmo havendo discussão a respeito do que se considera melhora para o referencial psicanalítico, é relevante investigar se há diferença entre o perfil de pacientes que melhoram e não melhoram nas fases iniciais da psicoterapia psicanalítica, pois este dado tem o potencial de ser útil na indicação de tratamentos. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar preditores de indicação/contra-indicação, concordância/não concordância em iniciar tratamento e melhora/não melhora inicial na psicoterapia psicanalítica de adultos. Método: Tratase de uma coorte realizada em ambulatório de saúde mental de Porto Alegre com 557 pacientes que buscaram atendimento em um período de 20 meses. Foram aplicados instrumentos para verificar qualidade de vida, sintomas e estilo defensivo dos pacientes na triagem e ao sexto mês de tratamento. Os pacientes foram alocados, com base na avaliação dos triadores e terapeutas e a partir de questionários autoaplicáveis, em: não indicação para psicoterapia psicanalítica, não concordância em iniciar tratamento, melhora/não melhora. Resultados: Primeiramente, constatou-se que os terapeutas que atendem neste ambulatório aderem, na amostra estudada, à técnica de psicoterapia psicanalítica em suas intervenções. O acompanhamento dos pacientes possibilitou encontrar que aqueles que buscam atendimento por queixas somáticas ou por queixas de atenção e com baixa escolaridade apresentaram menor probabilidade de receber indicação para psicoterapia psicanalítica; pacientes que percebem seus sintomas como muito intensos no momento da busca apresentaram maior probabilidade de receberem indicação para este tratamento. Uma vez indicados para psicoterapia psicanalítica, os preditores de não concordância em iniciar tratamento foram: baixa escolaridade, baixa renda familiar, diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, transtorno esquizotípico ou delirante, queixas depressivas e/ou nunca ter feito psicoterapia antes da busca atual. Os pacientes que permaneciam em tratamento ao final do sexto mês relataram melhor qualidade de vida, menor número de sintomas, redução na intensidade dos sintomas presentes e mudanças em alguns aspectos do seu estilo defensivo. Pacientes que buscaram tratamento por problemas de ansiedade apresentaram maior risco de não relatar melhora na qualidade de vida, sintomatologia e estilo defensivo nos seis primeiros meses de psicoterapia. Conclusões: Apesar de a psicoterapia psicanalítica ser um tratamento de longa duração, pacientes demonstraram melhora na qualidade de vida, nos sintomas apresentados e no estilo defensivo logo nos primeiros seis meses de atendimento. É relevante fomentar estudos que investiguem o papel da interação paciente-terapeuta na determinação da melhora do paciente e na indicação para psicoterapia psicanalítica, e não apenas características individuais do paciente. É necessário rever a técnica empregada durante as avaliações iniciais para aqueles pacientes com o perfil de não concordância em iniciar tratamento, considerando tanto a análise das resistências capazes de serem superadas durante este período inicial como a verificação de outros possíveis tratamentos mais bem indicados para estes casos. / Introduction: To determine criteria of indication and contraindication for psychoanalytic treatments is a crucial technical point for obtaining therapeutic improvement. However, these criteria are usually based on theoretical speculation, not on empirical investigations. Even though there is debate about how to define improvement within the psychoanalytic approach, it is important to investigate whether there are differences between the profile of patients who improve and those who do not improve during early stages of psychoanalytic psychotherapy, because this information have potential to be useful when indicating treatments. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of indication/contraindication, agreement/disagreement in starting treatment and improvement/no improvement during initial stages of psychoanalytic psychotherapy of adults. Methods: This was a cohort study conducted at an outpatient mental health clinic of Porto Alegre (Southern Brazil) with 557 patients who sought treatment in a period of 20 months. Instruments were administered to check quality of life, symptoms and defensive style of patients at the intake interview and at the sixth month of treatment. Patients were allocated, based on the evaluation of their interviewers and therapists and from selfadministered questionnaires, into: not indicated for psychoanalytic psychotherapy, not concordant to initiate treatment, improved / did not improve after six months of treatment. Results: First, we found that a sample of therapists who attend at this clinic adhere to the psychoanalytic psychotherapy technique in their interventions. The follow-up analyzes showed that patients who seek care because of somatic or attention complaints or complaints and with low educational level were less likely to be indicated for psychoanalytic psychotherapy; patients who perceive their symptoms as very intense at the time of the search were more likely to be indicated to this treatment. Once referred to psychoanalytic psychotherapy, the predictors of non-agreement in starting treatment were: low educational level, low family income, diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizotypal or delusional disorder, depressive symptoms, and/or never having undergone psychotherapy before. Patients who remained on treatment at the end of the sixth month reported better quality of life, fewer symptoms, reduction in the intensity of symptoms, and changes in some aspects of defensive style. Patients seeking treatment for anxiety disorders had higher risk of not reporting improvement in quality of life, symptoms and defensive style in the first six months of psychotherapy. Conclusions: Although psychoanalytic psychotherapy is considered a long-term treatment, patients demonstrated improvement in quality of life, symptoms and defensive style during the first six months of treatment. It is important to encourage studies to investigate the role of the patient-therapist interaction in the determination of patient improvement and indication/contraindication for psychoanalytic psychotherapy, not just individual characteristics of the patient. It is necessary to review the technique used during the initial assessments for those patients with the profile of non-agreement to start treatment, considering both the analysis of resistances capable to be overcome during this initial period as checking for other possible treatments better indicated for these cases.