Les empereurs romains ont toujours manifesté un intérêt particulier pour les provinces pouvant permettre la préservation de la Roman way of life. Pour ce qui est de l’Afrique romaine, les empereurs, pour y arriver, n’y ont promu, au départ, que les membres des grandes familles des cités d’Afrique, qui pouvaient servir de relais à l’administration romaine. Finalement, l’édit de Caracalla viendra harmoniser les statuts juridiques, en octroyant la civitas romana à tous les habitants libres de l’empire. Les inscriptions font état de beneficia per indulgentia imperatoris (directs), attestant la présence surplace d’empereurs dans les itinéraires, mais aussi ex auctoritate (indirects), par le biais de leurs représentants. Grâce à ces beneficia, les Africains romains pouvaient atteindre les hautes magistratures, et ainsi exprimer leur fides et leur obsequium. Mais la présence et l’action des empereurs ont souffert de contestations, tempérées par des colloquia, surtout en Numidie et dans les Maurétanies. / The Roman emperors always showed a particular interest for provinces which can allow the conservation of Roman way of life. As for Roman Africa, reports (connections) between the emperors promoted it, at first, only the members of the big families of the towns of Africa which had had a prestigious past, and which could serve relay to the Roman administration. Finally, the edict of Caracalla will come to harmonize the legal statuses (statutes), by granting the civitas romana to all the inhabitants free of the empire. The registrations (inscriptions) state beneficia per indulgentia imperatoris (expresses), giving evidence of their surplace presence in routes, but also ex auctoritate (indirect), by means of their representatives. Thanks to these beneficia, the Roman Africans could reach (affect) the high judiciaries, and so express their fides and their obsequium. But the presence and the action (share) of the emperors suffered from contestings, moderated by colloquia, especially in Numidie and in Maurétanies.

[pt] O presente estudo baseia-se numa abordagem intercultural para identificar a presença de reações de indulgência e restrição a transgressões na sociedade brasileira, de modo a confirmar ou refutar os índices encontrados na pesquisa intercultural de Geert Hofstede (2010 (1991)) de que a sociedade brasileira tende à indulgência. O ensino de língua estrangeira não deve estar dissociado do ensino de aspectos culturais, visto que a língua está associada à maneira de interpretar o mundo do povo que se comunica através dela. O ensino de aspectos culturais e interculturais faz-se ainda mais necessário no ensino de segunda língua que ocorre em contexto de imersão, visto que o aprendiz se insere na cultura da língua alvo e está sujeito a choques culturais. O Brasil é visto por vezes como um lugar onde as leis podem ser desrespeitadas e onde sempre se pode dar um jeitinho, logo, o comportamento da sociedade brasileira com relação às transgressões se faz importante para que o aluno estrangeiro desenvolva melhor convivência e interação com membros dessa sociedade, evitando visões estereotípicas. Para tal objetivo, foram analisados episódios da série televisiva A Grande Família, que busca representar a classe média brasileira. Dentre os casos de transgressão moral e legal encontrados, 54 porcento provocaram reação de indulgência, o que confirma os dados encontrados por Hofstede. Diferentemente do previsto pelas hipóteses, verifica-se que as reações indulgentes são motivadas, principalmente, por interesse próprio daquele que reage de forma indulgente e, em certa medida, pela proximidade com o indivíduo transgressor. / [en] The present study is based on an intercultural approach to identify the presence of reactions of indulgence and restraint to transgressions in Brazilian society, in order to confirm or refute the index found in the cross-cultural research by Geert Hofstede (2010 (1991)) that indicates that Brazilian society tends to indulgence. Foreign language teaching should not be dissociated from the teaching of cultural aspects, since the languages are associated to ways of interpreting the world of people who communicates through them. The teaching of cultural and intercultural aspects is even more necessary in second language teaching when it occurs in context of immersion, since the learner becomes part of the culture of target language and may be subject to culture shock. Brazil is sometimes seen as a place where the laws may be disregarded and where one can always use the jeitinho. Thus, the knowledge about the behavior of Brazilian society with respect to transgression becomes important for the foreign student to develop better coexistence and interaction with members of this society, avoiding stereotypical views. For such purpose, we analyzed episodes of the television series A Grande Familia, which seeks to represent the Brazilian middle class. Among the legal and moral transgression cases found, 54 percent provoked reaction of indulgence, which confirms the data found by Hofstede. Differently than predicted by chance, it turns out that the indulgent reactions are mainly motivated by self-interest and, to some extent, by the proximity to the individual who commits the transgression.