Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:46:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000741364.pdf: 6613856 bytes, checksum: a04b4cbb05a0275990db5decf56dcaa8 (MD5) / A motocicleta tem se tornado importante veículo de transporte no Brasil, pois proporciona deslocamentos mais ágeis e apresenta menor custo. Este veículo tem sido usado cada vez mais para os deslocamentos de casa para o trabalho e vice-versa. Por isso, pretende-se compreender aspectos do processo e origens dos acidentes que ocorrem nestes momentos. Sua metodologia se dividiu em três etapas. A primeira constou da comparação dos acidentes que ocorreram nos horários de deslocamentos com os outros, a partir de uma análise quantitativa, o que levou a divulgação no artigo 1. Na segunda etapa foram explorados qualitativamente 20 casos de acidentes de motociclistas não profissionais ocorridos em 2011 em Paranavaí, PR realizando tentativas de compreender as origens destes a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, grupos focais e observações nos locais de acidentes. As análises foram guiadas pelo modelo de análise e prevenção de acidentes de trabalho (MAPA) que dialoga com conceitos de diferentes campos de conhecimento já usados em análise de acidentes. O foco foi compreender as estratégias e modos operatórios que os motociclistas não profissionais usavam para ter mais segurança. Desta segunda etapa, surgiu o artigo 2. Já a terceira e última etapa consistiu em exploração da noção de cenários típicos dos acidentes que envolveram estes mesmos 20 motociclistas não profissionais. Foi adotada metodologia que buscou descrever núcleos comuns ou achados assemelhados que se repetiam nos acidentes vistos como processos, ou seja, eventos com história ou antecedentes a serem considerados. Desta etapa surgiu o artigo 3. A ideia é tentar compreender tanto de forma quantitativa quanto qualitativa como ocorrem esses acidentes para que estratégias e ações possam ser formuladas baseadas em um pano de fundo da realidade vivida pelos motociclistas não profissionais / Motorcycle has become an important vehicle of transportation in Brazil, as it provides more agile movements and with less cost. This vehicle has been increasingly used in displacement. Therefore, was intended to understand the process and origins of accidents that occurred at these times. Methodology was divided into three steps. The first consisted of comparing the accidents that occurred in commuting with others, from a quantitative analysis, which led to disclosure in Article 1. In the second stage were explored qualitatively 20 cases of nonprofessionals motorcycle accidents occurred in 2011 in Paranavaí, PR, to understand the origins of these from semi-structured interviews, focus groups and observations at accident local. The analysis was guided by the analysis model and prevention of occupational accidents (MAPA) which dialogues with concepts from different fields of knowledge already used in accident analysis. The focus was to understand strategies and operational methods that non-professional riders used to have more security. In this second stage, emerged Article 2. The third and final step explored the notion of typical scenarios of accidents involving these 20 non-professional riders. It was adopted methodology that seeks to describe common nucleus findings that were repeated in accidents viewed as processes, events with history or background to be considered. This article appeared Step 3. The idea is to try to understand both quantitatively and qualitatively how these accidents occurs and strategies and actions can be formulated based on a background of the reality experienced by non-professional motorcyclists

South Africa is a labour-intensive industrially developing country. As a result, in excess of 200 000 workers suffer from musculoskeletal injuries in a year. Research is thus essential to develop more effective strategies in the reduction and rehabilitation of occupational musculoskeletal disorders within industry. It was the hypothesis of this study that by improving the physical work capacity of manual labourers, through participation in an occupation specific work-hardening programme, that the ergonomic stress index and therefore the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries within industry, may be reduced. Twenty-five male Black and Coloured manual labourers volunteered to participate in this study. In addition to in situ task analyses, the subjects participated in cardiovascular and strength assessments in the laboratory, both pre- and post-participation in the ten-week work-hardening programme. The data were statistically analyzed in order to identify any significant • improvements in the workers' physical work capacity, as measured by cardiovascular, strength and perceptual responses, following the period of work-hardening. Two significant reductions were noted in measures of working heart rate together with significant improvements in grip strength and trunk strength tested at a velocity of 60°.sec·1 at the post-conditioning assessments. In conclusion, the ten-week work-hardening programme resulted in nominal improvements in all the cardiovascular measures and significant improvements in the subjects' strength performance. However, industrialists must recognise that this study dealt with only one aspect of reducing the ergonomic stress index at the workplace and realise that, in addition to this focus, it remains essential to design the task to fit the human operator.

Commercial fishers are employed in one of the most dangerous jobs in Canada. Additionally, they tend both not to report work injuries and to deny and trivialize risks their job entails. This study focuses on fishers' subjective interpretation of their work environment. Its purposes were to examine fishers' attributed causes of accidents and to derive implications for prevention education. The researcher employed a qualitative methodology and interviewed 12 professional fishers who worked on the British Columbia coast. The interviews focused on fishers' descriptions of accidents and their attributed causes. Attribution theory was operationalized to provide a conceptual framework through which to analyze the 12 transcripts. The researcher transcribed the interviews, then highlighted and analyzed excerpts depicting the fishers' attributed causes of accidents. Three strategies were employed to examine the trustworthiness of the researcher's judgements regarding the transcripts and final interpretation of the data. The strategies were: use of a research partner (consistency), conducting a participant review (credibility), and comparison with another study (triangulation). The participants of this study attributed multiple causes to a given accident and their explanations were complex. The study found 22 categories of causes of accidents. The attributed causes from 9 of the 12 participants were distributed in all quadrants of attributions on the orienting framework (external/stable, external/unstable, internal/stable and internal/unstable). Five or more participants attributed the following as causes in their accidents: Economic Pressures, Luck or Fate, Weather Conditions Expected, Fatigue, and Stress. This study's results suggest that the techno-rational approach of existing traditional training programs, that concentrate on causes located mainly in the external/stable quadrant, does not concur with fishers' attributed causes of accidents. The study indicates that prevention education program content should be broadened to address the full spectrum of fishers' attributed causes of accidents. Through the utilization of fishers' attributed causes of accidents, prevention education programs could assist fishers to focus on their perceptions of occupational hazards and risks, and address questions of past risk taking and future risk assessment. From these insights fishers can review what can be done to control or eliminate a particular risk. / Education, Faculty of / Educational Studies (EDST), Department of / Graduate

Thesis (Ph.D. (Public Health)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / Background: The number of occupational injuries in manufacturing industries continues to rise despite safety regulations. Occupational injuries range from the spine, hands, head, lungs, eyes, skeleton and skin. Negligence, improper use of Personal Protective Equipment, lack of experience and age are some of the factors leading to occupational injuries. Even though there are measures to prevent these occupational injuries, the number of injuries amongst manufacturing industries keeps rising and the causes need to be identified. Objective(s): The purpose of the study was to develop a training programme for manufacturing industries in the Polokwane municipality. Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was used for the study. Five categories of manufacturing industries were visited where 22 participants were interviewed using a voice recorder until data saturation was reached. There were 4 managers, 6 supervisors and 12 general workers. Member checking was done to verify and clarify transcribed information. Field notes were also taken for non-verbal responses. Data were analysed using Tesch’s and Clarke and Braun open coding method following the eight steps. Results: The findings of the study indicated that hazards in the physical work environment of manufacturing industries in the Polokwane municipality contributed to most occupational accidents. It was also found that negligence, incorrect provision of PPE by management, improper use of PPE by workers, and lack of safety training were also contributors to workplace accidents. Commitment to health and safety by industries management was also found to be lacking and played a role in some occupational accidents in the manufacturing industries. Conclusions: The study concludes that lack of health and safety training, negligence, and commitment by those in management compromised the health and safety of workers

by Leung Kwok-fai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-108). / Chapter 1. --- TITLE --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- INTRODUCTION & LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.2 / Chapter 2.1 --- Definition of occupational injury victims in Hong Kong --- p.2 / Chapter 2.2 --- Size of the problem in Hong Kong --- p.3 / Chapter 2.3 --- Usual Events After Occupational Injuries --- p.4 / Chapter 2.4 --- Assessment of Loss of Earning Capacity / Permanent Incapacity --- p.6 / Chapter 2.5 --- Vocational outcomes of occupational accident victims --- p.8 / Chapter 2.6 --- Factors affecting vocational outcomes of occupational injury victims --- p.11 / Chapter 3. --- "SCOPE, OBJECTIVES AND HYPOTHESES" --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1 --- Scope of the present study --- p.24 / Chapter 3.2 --- Objectives of the present study --- p.25 / Chapter 3.3 --- Hypotheses to be tested --- p.26 / Chapter 4. --- METHODS --- p.27 / Chapter 4.1 --- Study design --- p.27 / Chapter 4.2 --- Subjects --- p.27 / Chapter 4.3 --- Sampling --- p.29 / Chapter 4.4 --- Operational Definitions and Assumptions of Data to be collected --- p.33 / Chapter 4.5 --- Data collection Instruments --- p.39 / Chapter 4.6 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.41 / Chapter 5. --- RESULTS --- p.48 / Chapter 5.1 --- Descriptive statistics of the study sample --- p.48 / Chapter 5.2 --- Descriptive statistics of unemployed workers --- p.57 / Chapter 5.3 --- Descriptive statistics of lost of contact cases --- p.59 / Chapter 5.4 --- Factors affecting post-injury employment status --- p.61 / Chapter 5.5 --- Factors affecting loss of earning --- p.70 / Chapter 5.6 --- Summary of statistical analysis --- p.84 / Chapter 6. --- DISCUSSION --- p.87 / Chapter 6.1 --- Vocational outcomes of Occupational Accident victims --- p.87 / Chapter 6.2 --- Hierarchical relationship of unemployment and loss of earning --- p.87 / Chapter 6.3 --- Motor co-ordination and strength factors affecting vocational outcomes --- p.88 / Chapter 6.4 --- The risk factors for adverse vocational outcomes --- p.89 / Chapter 6.5 --- Limitations of the study --- p.95 / Chapter 7. --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.100 / Chapter 7.1 --- Application to rehabilitation service --- p.100 / Chapter 7.2 --- Application to employee compensation system --- p.101 / Chapter 8. --- CONCLUSION --- p.103 / REFERENCE LIST / Appendices --- p.1-10

A risk assessment study is conducted in a denim manufacturing plant in Turkey. The study is carried out within the framework of a project on adopting the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive of the European Union. The scope of the assessment is fire or explosion risk with regards to hazardous chemicals present in the plant. The receptor of the study is defined as &ldquo / people&rdquo / which include the employees in the plant, employees of nearby plants and people in residential around the mill. A semi-quantitative risk assessment is carried out using checklist, a risk matrix and risk evaluation forms. The highest risks in the plant are identified as dust explosions, natural gas jet fires, natural gas explosions. Also, it is identified that due to several causes, in case of a fire or explosion the scale of an accident may enlarge instantaneously. The main warehouse is determined to carry the highest risk value in the plant. Mathematical modelling studies are conducted to calculate the hazard radius for dust explosions and natural gas fire and explosion. According to the results of mathematical modelling, the highest consequences could lead to destruction of buildings or severe injuries/fatalities of people within large hazard radius up to 700 m. The risk present at the manufacturing mill is communicated to the facility management throughout the study. Several suggestions are proposed to the facility management and some of them are already implemented.

The hand is one of the most complex of all of the anatomical structures in the human body. It has been found that hand injuries are among the most frequent injuries that occur to the body, predominantly during industrial activities. It has therefore been concluded that more research is needed into protective factors, such as glove use. The design features of a glove emphasise either protection or performance. There is often a trade-off between increased safety and performance capability when donning gloves. It has been determined that gloves which are fitted and comfortable for the worker may provide the best compromise between protective functions and decreased performance. This investigation aimed to assess the influence of glove fit on the performance attributes of industrial tasks, as well as on the responses of the human operator. Glove fit was analysed as 35 male participants donned three different glove sizes during each test, including a best-fitting glove, a glove one size smaller than best-fitting, and a glove one size larger than best-fitting. For each glove size, gloves of two differing materials were tested, namely nitrile and neoprene. A barehanded condition was also tested, totalling seven gloved/barehanded conditions for each test. The seven conditions were assessed in a laboratory setting in a battery of tests. This consisted of components of task performance, including maximum pulling and pushing force, maximum torque, precision of force, tactility, speed and accuracy and dexterity. The performance responses were recorded, as well as participants’ perceptual responses using the Rating of Perceived Exertion scale, and muscle activity. Six muscles were selected: Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, Flexor Pollicus Longus, Extensor Carpi Ulnaris, Extensor Carpi Radialis, Flexor Carpi Ulnaris and Flexor Carpi Radialis. The results revealed that glove fit does affect certain spects of performance, and influences human operator responses for selected task components. Furthermore, discrepancies were distinguished between orking barehanded and working with an optimally fitted glove. There was also a glove material effect established. Overall, it was found that muscle activity when exerting maximum force in a pushing and pulling direction was optimal with the nitrile glove material. Maximum torque performance was enhanced with the use of a best-fitting glove, as compared with an ill-fitting glove or barehanded work. Force precision was preferable when barehanded, as opposed to the tactility task which rendered optimal results with a best-fitting glove. The same was found for speed and accuracy results, as glove fit appeared to have no effect on performance, but performance was improved when participants were barehanded. Dexterity performance was the most conclusively influenced by the conditions, resulting in barehanded performance being optimal. However, should a glove be necessary for a given task, an optimally-fitted glove which is of a thinner material would be recommended. It is necessary to distinguish the performance components of a task within industry and select the most appropriate glove for optimal performance and the least risk of overexertion.

Dissertation submitted in compliance with the requirements for the Masters Degree in Chiropractic at the Durban University of Technology, 2009 / Occupational injuries sustained by Emergency Rescue Care workers have been well documented. However, despite their high rates of injury, the literature regarding the risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal injuries (WRMSIs) in the fire service has not been well-established, especially in South Africa. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the Durban Metropolitan Fire Department and to evaluate the relationship between selected risk factors and the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries. Methods: This was a descriptive study from a large urban Fire Department employing 350 active firefighters. Using a cross sectional study design, a retrospective analysis investigated the musculoskeletal injury prevalence from 2006-2008 by means of a questionnaire. Individuals reported on demographics, injury location, injury etiology, injury nature, extent of treatment rendered and time lost from work. Additionally, data was obtained regarding smoking, occupational stress, fitness, protective gear and injury prevention advice given by the Durban Metropolitan Fire Department. A 41% response rate was achieved. Results: The point prevalence of WRMSIs was 33.6% and the period prevalence was 81.1% of the sample. Low back injuries (47.9%) and strain injuries (40.8%) were the most common, followed by knee (22.5%), shoulder (19.7%) and ankle injuries (19%). The most common causes included lifting heavy objects, working in awkward postures and running. Weight, ethnic group, stress, lack of nutritional advice and alcohol consumption were all significantly associated with the prevalence of injuries. Ex-smoking was significant in the prevalence of low back injuries, stress was significant in the prevalence of knee injuries and alcohol consumption was associated with the prevalence of shoulder injuries. Conclusion: WRMSIs are of great concern in the fire service as their prevalence is substantial. Evaluation and implementation of further preventative measures and advice based on the results of this study can be effective in reducing WRMSIs.

This study assessed the predictive validity of four independent factors (Rotter Locus of Control Scale, Safety Locus of Control, Organizational Attribution Style Questionnaire, and Rosenburg Self-Esteem Scale) in the establishment of a measure of safety consciousness in predicting on-the-job injuries and the filing of workers' compensation claims. A 125-item questionnaire was designed and administered to assess participants' disposition on each of the four psychological dimensions, demographic data and on-the-job injury information.

No abstract provided / GR 2016