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Apply Internet technology to online live videoconferencing activities will overcome the restriction in face-to-face meeting. By using this way not only can help us to meet with one another in any time, but also saves us large amount of cost on communication and transportation. However, this is not easy for many users of virtual community to use it as an innate instinct, it still have many perplexitys for users to use of online live videoconferencing activities through Internet. The study of this thesis will pick five discrete organizations from the NSYSU Cyber University, and use questionnaire, focusing group interviewing and studying audio-video files as combined data. Then, researcher will use Qualitative Research method to analyse those data to extract all the situations including the phenomena, processes, and events which our subjects have experienced during the internet online live videoconferencing activities. We wanted to discover the sequences and relations among them and to reconstruct the online activity processes and find out the possible solutions. Finally, we proposed the Concrete processes, and feasible recommendations about guidelines and management of online live videoconferencing activities in this thesis. We hope these outcomes will be helpful to those people that will participate in online live videoconferencing activities.

Con la reciente popularidad y consecuente aumento en la cantidad de dispositivos electrónicos multimedia interconectados a través de internet, resulta necesario producir sistemas mas eficientes desde el punto de vista energético. Para ello, es fundamental el diseño de dispositivos de bajo consumo con capacidad de procesamiento local que permitan reducir la transferencia de datos a través de la nube. Es por eso que en esta tesis se presenta el desarrollo de arquitecturas digitales energéticamente eficientes para el procesamiento de imágenes. Los diferentes sistemas se basan en la utilización de estructuras neuronales celulares (CNN) donde el procesamiento es realizado de manera distribuída por un arreglo de celdas idénticas. Cada celda evoluciona conforme a su propio estado y al de sus celdas contiguas utilizando funciones de transferencia lineales a tramos (PWL). Bajo este paradigma, se diseñan y fabrican dos circuitos integrados. El primero, realizado en una tecnología CMOS de 180nm, contiene un arreglo de 56 x 56 celdas que procesa imágenes binarias. El segundo, fabricado en 55nm, utiliza un vector de 64 celdas para procesar imágenes multibit alojadas en una memoria local. Posteriormente se presenta un nuevo algoritmo de cómputo utilizando una subclase de funciones lineales a tramos que exhiben cierto tiepo de simetría, lo cual permite expandir el número de celdas de la vecindad y reducir la cantidad de parámetros necesarios para el procesamiento. Se dise~nan y se fabrican dos nuevos procesadores de arquitecturas homólogas a las anteriores, donde se utilizan vecindades extendidas de 8 celdas, que implementan la nueva estructura de cálculo PWL simétrica. El primero, que procesa imágenes binarias utilizando un arreglo de 48 x 48 celdas, fue fabricado en una tecnología de 55nm; mientras que el segundo, de procesamiento multibit, fue fabricado en una tecnología de 130nm. Finalmente, se muestra el dise~no de tres procesadores de alta capacidad de cómputo para el procesamiento no-lineal y lineal de datos, en el marco del desarrollo de un sistema 2.5D muti-chip multi-procesador, fabricado en una tecnología de 55nm, llevado a cabo conjuntamente con la Universidad de Johns Hopkins. / With the increasing popularity of multimedia electronic devices interconnected through internet, it is mandatory to build power efficient systems. It is therefore necessary to design low power devices for local processing in order to reduce the data trafic in the cloud. Consequently, this thesis presents the development of highly energy efficient digital architectures for image processing. The proposed systems are based on cellular neural networks (CNN) structures, which are comprised by an array of dynamical cells with the same behaviour. Each cell computes a multivariate piecewise linear function that involves its own state value and the nearest neighboring cells' state value. Within this paradigm, two integrated circuits were designed and fabricated. The first was designed in a 180nm CMOS technology and implements a 56 x 56 cell array that process binary images; whereas the second, fabricated in 55nm, processes locally stored grayscale images through a 64-cell vector. Subsequently, a new algorithm to compute a simplicial piecewise linear function approximation of a symmetric non-linear function is presented, resulting in a reduction of the number of parameter needed for a computation and hence, an increase of the number of elements that make up the neighborhood. Thus, based on the previously proposed architectures, two processors were designed implementing the new symmetric function algorithm scheme in a eight-neighbor configuration. The one that processes binary images was fabricated in 55nm and is comprised by a 48 x 48 cell array. On the other hand, a vector based chip for muti-bit image processing was taped out in 130nm. Finally, the design of three high-performance processors for linear and non-linear data processing is shown, in the context of the development of a 2.D multi-module heterogeneous multi-processor chip, fabricated in 55nm in cooperation with Johns Hopkins University.

Submitted by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com) on 2018-01-18T12:47:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) IACINETE CRUZ.pdf: 1225738 bytes, checksum: a273218629d7c4fe0b7b4833801d177a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Lúcia Torres (bfmhuap@gmail.com) on 2018-01-18T12:47:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) IACINETE CRUZ.pdf: 1225738 bytes, checksum: a273218629d7c4fe0b7b4833801d177a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-18T12:47:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) IACINETE CRUZ.pdf: 1225738 bytes, checksum: a273218629d7c4fe0b7b4833801d177a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena do Alto Rio Negro / O modo como uma informação sobre medicamentos é comunicada produz efeitos de configuração que podem impactar na saúde tanto no âmbito do indivíduo como no coletivo. Pacientes com doenças raras são mais vulneráveis uma vez que as informações sobre a doença e o tratamento são mais limitadas. Portanto, efeitos de configuração podem ser ainda mais relevante na percepção de risco de pacientes com doenças raras em razão da escassez de informações. Esta pesquisa analisa a presença de efeitos de configuração na comunicação de risco sobre medicamentos em websites de associações de pacientes com doenças raras no Brasil. Os resultados obtidos foram posteriormente discutidos a partir da perspectiva da bioética principialista. Foram observados websites de associações brasileiras de pacientes para 44 doenças raras selecionadas, em fevereiro e março de 2016. Os conteúdos sobre tratamento medicamentoso foram selecionados como corpus desta pesquisa. Foram definidos os marcadores linguísticos e as unidades de contexto para pautar a análise da configuração de risco. Foram identificadas 76 associações brasileiras de pacientes com doenças raras diretamente relacionadas a 33 diferentes doenças. Foi identificado efeito de configuração da informação sobre tratamento medicamentoso em 16 destas, na seguinte dimensão: 12,5% do tipo risco relativo, 6,2% do tipo de ganho, 12,5% do tipo de perda, 18,8% do tipo positivo, 25,0% do tipo representação numérica e 56,3% do tipo representação verbal. Esta distribuição indica ser mais comum o uso de efeitos de configuração persuasivos do que informativos. Posterior análise bioética sugere que os princípios prima facie de respeito à autonomia, beneficência, não-maleficência e justiça são desafiados. Conclui-se haver a necessidade, tanto técnica quanto ética, de melhorar a comunicação de risco atrelado ao uso de medicamentos em websites de associações brasileiras de pacientes com doenças raras / The way information about medicines is communicated produces framings effects that may impact the health of individuals as well as public health. Patients with rare diseases are increasingly more vulnerable given that information about disease and pharmacological treatment is more limited. Therefore, framing effects may be even more important in risk perception of patients with rare diseases due to the scarcity of information. This study analyzes the presence of framing effects in drug risk communication on websites of associations of patients with rare diseases in Brazil. Those results are further discussed through a principlist lens. We evaluated websites of Brazilian associations of patients with 44 rare diseases, between February and March 2016. Contents about pharmacological treatment were selected as the research corpus. Linguistic markers and content units were defined to guide framing effect analysis. We identified 76 Brazilian associations of patients with rare diseases directly related to thirty-three different diseases. Framing effects were observed in websites relative to sixteen of these rare diseases, in the following types: 12.5% relative risk, 6.2% gain framing, 12.5% loss framing, 18.8% positive framing, 25.0% numerical presentation, and 56.3% verbal presentation. This distribution indicates that persuasive framing effects are more common than informative framing effects. Further bioethical analysis suggests that the prima facie principles of respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice are challenged. We conclude that there is both a technical and an ethical need to improve drug risk communication in websites of Brazilian associations of patients with rare diseases

The research reflected here examined in depth how one cohort of learners viewed and engaged in literature searches using web browser based resources. Action research was employed using a mixed methods approach. The research started with a survey followed by interviews and a screencast examining practice based on a series of search related exercises. These were analysed and used as data to establish what deficits in using the web to search for literature existed in the target group. Based on the analysis of these instruments, the problem was redefined and a workshop intended to help remediate deficiencies uncovered was run. Based on this a recommendation is made that a credit bearing course teaching digital research literacy be made available which would include information literacy as a component. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.