La péninsule de Fildes (Île du Roi-George, Îles Shetland du Sud) est le théâtre d'une occupation humaine permanente depuis la construction de la station Bellingshausen en 1968. Depuis ce temps, on y a construit six bases scientifiques et militaires. Ces bases font de la région celle qui a la population la plus dense sur le continent avec une population permanente de 125 personnes et un pic estival de 300 personnes. De nombreuses infrastructures ont été installées afin de supporter ces bases incluant un aéroport, des routes, des pipelines ainsi que des génératrices au diesel. Dans cette recherche, utilisant une approche paléolimnologique, il a été question d'étudier une série de lacs dans le but d'en savoir davantage sur la façon dont ceux-ci ont été affectés par la présence humaine des 60 dernières années et par les changements climatiques connus au cours de la même période. Le projet visait l'analyse de carottes de sédiments extraites de six lacs de la péninsule : cinq qui sont situés à proximité des bases et un qui est plus éloigné. Les diatomées ont été utilisées comme indicateur biologique pour déterminer comment les communautés aquatiques ont évolué à travers le temps, en réponse aux changements observés. Des analyses de microfluorescence X (µ-XRF) ont aussi été utilisées pour observer l'évolution géochimique des lacs. Les résultats démontrent que l'évolution des lacs en réponse aux activités anthropiques dépend grandement de leur proximité avec ces activités. Deux des six lacs à l'étude ont montré une réponse à l'enrichissement en métaux lourds issu des activités humaines. Le lac témoin, qui est situé dans un secteur plus éloigné, a plutôt montré une évolution reliée aux effets des changements climatiques vécus dans la région. Les trois autres lacs ont, quant à eux, montré une certaine stabilité en ne réagissant pas aux effets des activités humaines ou aux changements climatiques. Les conclusions de cette étude seront un outil dans la surveillance des impacts causés par la présence humaine en Antarctique. Les connaissances acquises serviront à mieux comprendre comment les activités humaines et les changements climatiques ont affecté le paysage local et comment les écosystèmes de la région répondront aux changements à venir. / The Fildes Peninsula (King George Island, South Shetland Islands) has been the site of yearround human presence since the construction of Bellingshausen Station in 1968. There are now six permanent bases on the peninsula, implying one of the densest concentrations of humans in Antarctica with a permanent population of 125 and a summer peak of 300. Substantial infrastructure has been installed to support these bases, including an airport, roads, pipelines, and diesel generators. This project proposes to study a series of lakes of the Fildes Peninsula using a paleolimnological approach to assess the degree to which they have been impacted by anthropogenic activities and climate change during the last 60 years. Therefore, the project aims the analysis of sediment cores extracted from six lakes of Fildes Peninsula: five of which are near the bases and one is farther on the peninsula. Diatoms are used as a biological indicator to determine how aquatic communities have changed over time in response to those changes. Micro-X-Ray fluorescence has also been used to observe the geochemical evolution of the lakes. The results demonstrate that the recent evolution of the lakes greatly depends on their proximity to human activities. Two of the six studied lakes have shown a response to the enrichment in heavy metals coming from human activities. On the other side, the control lake has shown a response to the effects of climate change. The three other studied lakes have shown a relative stability while not reacting to human activities nor climate change. The results of this study will be an important step in the environmental monitoring of the impacts of Fildes Peninsula bases on the environment. The insights gained will serve to better understand how the changing intensity of human activities has affected the local landscape, and therefore to predict how the region's ecosystems may respond to future changes.

No description available.

The major purpose of this study is to reveal, by means of comparison, the extent to which environment has influenced the development of the fifth-grade pupils of the Reynolds and Oliver Schools of Stamford, Texas.

Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 12 janvier 2024) / Le présent mémoire souhaite offrir une synthèse historique des échanges musicaux entre le monde byzantin et l'Occident latin durant le haut Moyen Âge. Notre objectif général est de nous concentrer sur le phénomène de l'échange en lui-même pour en approfondir la connaissance et ainsi apporter un éclairage nouveau à l'étude des échanges culturels entre le monde byzantin et l'Occident altomédiéval. Notre analyse est centrée sur les connexions politiques qui, en leur temps, furent le vecteur des transferts culturels. Cette analyse poursuit ainsi les sous-objectifs suivants :1) offrir une synthèse des éléments musicaux d'origine byzantine musicaux attestés dans le répertoire musical latin entre le VIIᵉ et le IXᵉ siècle. 2) Mieux comprendre la notion d'échange musical à la lumière de l'influence politique et culturelle de l'Orient byzantin sur les royaumes d'Occident au cours des VIIᵉ et VIIIᵉ siècles;

In Lycia, Xanthos and its main sanctuary, the Letoon, have throughout centuries kept some very particular features which have survived intense cultural upheavals and influences both Persian and Greeks. The infrastructures and shape of the Letoon indicates that there is more to the sanctuary’s rituals and architecture than normalised Greek divinities and temples. Lycia, following the Persian invasion in the 540s, remained a remote region of the empire and benefited from an autonomous status. Nevertheless the outside contacts and cultural exchanges multiplied and intensified, especially with the Persian ruling class, but also with the Greeks who took an increasing part into the trade and artistic influence of Lycia. The most important city of the region, Xanthos was the focus of the Persian presence in Lycia but also at the spearhead of Hellenic influence in western Lycia. This underlying Greek presence became ever more pregnant under the rule of the last dynasts of Xanthos at the turn of the fourth century and under the rule of the Carian satraps under the power of whom Lycia was put in the 360s. The Hellenistic period only confirm the prior trend. To begin with, we are trying to define how the Persians had an impact on the Lycian culture and conclude that it was a great influential force but stayed somewhat limited to the higher classes of the Xanthian society. The parallel with the Greek influence is contrasting. The arrival of Greek trends was more insidious but also more widespread to the lower classes of society and lasted longer. We will conclude that none of those influences were imposed but rather chosen by the Xanthian society. We will continue by trying to understand how those cultural manifestations affected local religious beliefs. By exposing the successive evolutions of the Letoon and of the divinities residing here, we will see that the syncretic divinities of the Letoon kept a lot of their ancestral attributes and places of worship are keeping track with their sacred past. In this process we are trying to show that religion holds a peculiar place in a nation or a city’s culture. In this attempt we are concluding that religion is the most stable aspect of a local culture and is the recipient for the safeguard of a nation’s identity.

This thesis examines the history of the Greater Dallas Crime Commission and its effectiveness within the criminal justice system. It is a private agency established fifty (50) years ago to monitor and investigate the criminal justice system. Today, it serves as a source of funding for criminal justice agencies, provides awards and recognition forums for law enforcement and lobbies for legal revisions of the criminal code. The research is designed to examine their role within the criminal justice system. Whether current crime theories are supported by the commission is central to the thesis. There are no prior studies available of crime commissions perhaps because they are privately funded and operated by civilians. Crime commissions do exert influence, politically and financially, upon law enforcement. It is reflected often in their history. The extent of this effect is the subject of the paper. To this end, the commission's role in changing state laws, providing funds for police training, recognizing prosecutors and paying awards to informants lends credibility to their role in the criminal justice system. Their function has often changed during the fifty-year history. If there is a deficit, it may be that the commission has the capability, through its sphere of influence, of encouraging civilian actions that may conflict with law enforcement policy. Some examples of these are included in the study.

The present study examined age cohort differences in older and younger adults as they relate to perceptions of helpful counselor characteristics. The present study also assessed whether previous help-seeking behavior influences perceptions of what counselor characteristics would be helpful. The social influence model is used as basis for predictions. The first research hypothesis for the present study was that there would be an age by cohort interaction in perceptions of helpful counselor characteristics at both Time 1 (1991) and Time 2 (2001). The second research hypothesis was that there would be a main effect for cohort, with more recently born cohorts preferring more interpersonal counselor characteristics. The third research hypothesis was that there would be a main effect for age in endorsement of the social influence model. The fourth research hypothesis was that there would be a significant difference between the perceptions of those individuals who had previously sought help from a mental health professional and those individuals who had not sought help, regardless of age and cohort. A revised Adjective Check List (Gough, 1965; Gough & Heilbrum, 1983) was used to assess perceptions of helpful counselor characteristics. Chi-square analyses, MANOVA/supplementary ANOVAs, and exploratory factor analyses were used to test the research hypotheses. The first and second research hypotheses were supported. The third research hypothesis was not supported. The fourth research hypothesis was supported for Time 1, but not for Time 2. Limitations of the present study and implications of this research are discussed.

Martha Gellhorn and Ernest Hemingway met in Key West in 1937, married in 1941, and divorced in 1945. Gellhorn's work exhibits a strong influence from Hemingway's work, including collaboration on her work during their marriage. I will discuss three of her six novels: WMP (1934), Liana (1944), and Point of No Return (1948). The areas of influence that I will rely on in many ways follow the stages Harold Bloom outlines in Anxiety of Influence. Gellhorn's work exposes a stage of influence that Bloom does not describe-which I term collaborative. By looking at Hemingway's influence in Gellhorn's writing the difference between traditional literary influence and collaborative influence can be compared and analyzed, revealing the footprints left in a work by a collaborating author as opposed to simply an influential one.

This thesis is about jazz influence on classical clarinet repertoire, focusing on analysis and identification of all the jazz elements that run through this style into classical music. It also wants to describe the huge change of way of playing noticeable in the Swing Era in relation to the classical way.In the first part of the thesis I describe the birth of jazz and the political, historical and musical situation in the West, to understand the process in which they got blended. After that I identify and classify jazzy elements in classical music, analyzing in depth the repertoire of my exam-concert, which is strongly influenced by this style, and in a more superficial way other influenced classical clarinet works as well. I show in the very last part of the thesis how this influence is reflected, classifying these elements in harmonic, melodic, written and rhythmical ones.

L’objectif de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre le phénomène d’orientation choisie vs. subie et d’en déterminer les implications, pour les adolescents, sur le plan motivationnel. Nos recherches s’inscrivent dans la perspective de la Théorie de l’Autodétermination (Deci & Ryan, 2002) qui s’avère pertinente pour appréhender les notions de choix et de contrainte en orientation ainsi que les facteurs influençant les choix. En effet, l’un des concepts centraux de cette théorie est le besoin d’autodétermination qui correspond au fait de se sentir libre de s’engager dans des activités et à l’origine de celles-ci.Tout d’abord, il s’agissait au travers de deux études d’analyser la motivation scolaire des adolescents en filières générale, technologique et professionnelle. L’orientation vers ces filières est déterminée par de multiples facteurs susceptibles de conduire à une orientation vécue comme subie. Notre intérêt s’est porté sur l’influence des parents, des professeurs et le sentiment de liberté perçu par les élèves lors du processus d’orientation : l’objectif était donc, dans une troisième étude, de déterminer le caractère prédicteur de ces variables sur la motivation scolaire ultérieure des élèves en classe de première. Ces recherches nous ont amenés dans les études 4 et 5 à développer un nouvel outil mesurant les perceptions d’autodétermination et d’influence en orientation.Notre travail invite les professionnels de l’éducation et de l’orientation à une réflexion en termes de prévention et de remédiation, en considérant le soutien à l’autodétermination dans les contextes de l’éducation et de l’orientation comme un facteur déterminant de la motivation scolaire. / The objective of this thesis is to develop a better understanding of the phenomenon of chosen or imposed academic pathway and its consequences on adolescents’ academic motivation. Our research are in line with the self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2002). This perspective seems relevant to investigate the notions of choice and constraint in the field of educational and vocational guidance and the factors influencing these choices. Effectively, one of the fundamental concepts of this theory is the need of self-determination defined by a sense of freedom and a sense of choice experienced in the initiating activities.First, the two first studies’ aim was to analyze academic motivation of high school students. The adolescents were enrolled in different courses: general, technological and professional. The choice of an academic pathway is influenced or even constrained by many factors: the student thus feels forced to take part in an academic pathway that is not his or her initial choice. Our interest focuses on parents and teachers’ influence and sense of freedom in academic decision-making process. In the third study, the purpose was to determine the contribution of these variables in subsequent academic motivation. These results led us in studies 4 and 5 to develop a new questionnaire evaluating perceptions of self-determination and influence in academic decision-making.These research invite career counseling professionals and professors to thinking in terms of motivational prevention and remediation. Autonomy support in the fields of vocational guidance and education is considered as a crucial determinant of academic motivation.