Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-14T17:51:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Sandra Aparecida Kitakawa Lima.pdf: 2432759 bytes, checksum: 507c18959779e5fc9eea3cc4761ef0f3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-14T17:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Sandra Aparecida Kitakawa Lima.pdf: 2432759 bytes, checksum: 507c18959779e5fc9eea3cc4761ef0f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-21 / CNPq / Based on the survey conducted in a rural settlement field research of agrarian reform and ?quilombo? community in the municipality of Camamu - Bahia, we initially follow the emergence of claims and justification of the residents themselves in situations of disputes and uncertainties facing the government, or rather, the needs and difficulties, which they configured in collective issues being publicly exposed and problematize in public scenes. From two different contexts, we try to understand how the actors obtained (or not) the attention and public responses and the different moralities driven to justify their actions and attitudes towards each other, to build speeches about their feelings of justice or even to guide their performances. Although they were visible and recognized to some extent by the state and its institutions that did not mean that their unique problems were addressed and resolved by public "prioritiy" actions directed to agrarian reform beneficiary public and quilombo communities. On the contrary, they faced with enormous difficulties of enforcement of legal provisions and public policies to their particularities, in addition to multiple costs derived of the claims that, in principle, are rights defined by the Constitution. Thus, the conformation of collective life in daily life, which rests on different concrete practices conducted by a multiplicity of logic and feelings, which allows a "common citizen" to be set up as a "subject of law". / Com base na pesquisa de campo realizada em um assentamento rural de reforma agr?ria e uma comunidade quilombola, no munic?pio de Camamu ? Bahia, acompanhamos inicialmente a emerg?ncia das reivindica??es e justificativas dos pr?prios moradores frente a situa??es de disputas e incertezas na rela??o com o poder p?blico, ou melhor, das necessidades e dificuldades, que se configuravam em quest?es coletivas sendo expostas e problematizadas nas cenas p?blicas. A partir de dois contextos distintos, buscamos compreender de que forma os atores captavam (ou n?o) a aten??o e respostas p?blicas aos problemas vivenciados, bem como as diferentes moralidades acionadas a fim de justificar suas a??es e atitudes face ao outro, de construir discursos sobre seus sentimentos de justi?a ou mesmo de guiar suas performances. Embora fossem vis?veis e reconhecidos, em certa medida, pelo Estado e suas institui??es, isso n?o significava que seus problemas singulares fossem tratados e solucionados por a??es p?blicas ?priorit?rias? direcionadas aos p?blicos de reforma agr?ria e comunidades quilombolas. Ao contr?rio, defrontavam-se com enormes dificuldades de efetiva??o dos dispositivos legais e das pol?ticas p?blicas direcionadas ?s suas particularidades, al?m dos m?ltiplos custos decorrentes das reivindica??es que, a princ?pio, s?o direitos definidos pela Constitui??o Federal. Assim, a conforma??o da vida coletiva no cotidiano, a qual se repousa em diferentes pr?ticas concretas conduzidas por uma multiplicidade de l?gicas e sentimentos, que permite um ?cidad?o comum? se configurar como um ?sujeito de direito?

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-01-24T18:53:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Paulo Rodrigues Fernandes Pereira.pdf: 6898649 bytes, checksum: a748ed315051e906a62367f6bb6f07d1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T18:53:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Paulo Rodrigues Fernandes Pereira.pdf: 6898649 bytes, checksum: a748ed315051e906a62367f6bb6f07d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-14 / CAPES / L'objectif de cette th?se est d'analyser la cha?ne de production du soja sous l'?il critique des transformations qui se produisent dans l'environnement productif avec l'entr?e de nouveaux acteurs et comment la dynamique du financement de la production et les facteurs physiques transforment l'environnement. L'approche th?orique de cette th?se est bas?e sur l'approche des r?gimes alimentaires qui se sont apparemment reconfigur?s eux-m?mes, non plus bas?s sur un pays, mais apparemment sur les grandes entreprises, qui se positionnent non seulement en un lieu, mais ? travers plusieurs continents, absorbant de chacun caract?ristiques locales qui permettront un avantage concurrentiel global. Analyser les cha?nes de valeur mondiales et les cha?nes de produits mondiaux, en identifiant comment les forces qui op?rent sur ce march? sont transform?es et ? travers les diff?rents mod?les de financement, d'?tablissement des co?ts, d'investissement et de commercialisation; L'occupation des zones a de nouvelles caract?ristiques. L'intention est d'identifier qui sont ces nouveaux acteurs et comment ils affectent le sc?nario des acteurs dominants. Quelques outils simples ont transform? le march? et attir? des capitaux financiers de divers endroits, y compris les march?s mondiaux, pour financer et autonomiser les producteurs ruraux. Cette ?tude a fonctionn? avec l'hypoth?se que la restructuration de la cha?ne de production de soja ouvrirait une attente pour les nouveaux entrants. Le r?sultat de cette th?se montre un affaiblissement des grands acteurs ABCD, qui, m?me en maintenant leur h?g?monie, sont affaiblis par les mouvements d'acteurs nouveaux, en particulier les Japonais et les Chinois, qui sont venus au Br?sil avec un d?sir de reconfiguration de ces zones, agissant d'abord discr?tement, Mais incisive dans l'approvisionnement en mati?res premi?res, la production, le concassage, la transformation et l'exportation. / The objective of this thesis is to analyze the soybean production chain under the critical eye of the transformations that are taking place in the productive environment, with the entry of new actors, and how the dynamics of production financing and physical factors are transforming the environment. The theoretical approach of this thesis is based on the approach of food regimes, which seemingly reconfigured themselves, no longer based on a country, but apparently on large corporations, that position themselves not only in one place, but across several continents, absorbing from each place the characteristics that will permit a global competitive advantage. Analyzing the Global Value Chains and Global Commodity Chains, identifying how the forces that operate in this market are transformed and through the various models of financing, for costing, investment and commercialization; The occupation of the areas has new characteristics. The intention is identifying who these new actors are and how they affect the scenario of the dominant actors. Some simple tools transformed the market and attracted financial capital from various locations, including global ones, to finance and empower rural producers. This study worked with the hypothesis that the restructure of the soybean production chain would open an expectation for new entrants. The result of this thesis points to a weakening of the great actors ABCD, that, even maintaining their hegemony, are weakened by new actors movements, especially the Japanese and Chinese, who came to Brazil with a reconfiguration desire of these areas, initially acting discreetly, but incisive in raw materials supply, production, crushing, processing and export. / O objetivo desta tese ? analisar a cadeia produtiva da soja sob o olhar cr?tico das transforma??es que vem ocorrendo no ambiente produtivo, com a entrada de novos atores, e como a din?mica do financiamento da produ??o e dos fatores f?sicos est? transformando o ambiente. A abordagem te?rica desta tese parte da abordagem dos regimes alimentares, que aparentemente se reconfiguram, n?o mais baseados num pa?s, mas aparentemente nas grandes corpora??es que se posicionam n?o apenas num local, mas ao longo de v?rios continentes, absorvendo de cada local as caracter?sticas que lhe permitir?o um diferencial competitivo globalmente. Faz-se a an?lise das Cadeias Globais de Valor e Cadeias Globais de Commodities, identificando como as for?as que atuam neste mercado se transformam e atrav?s dos diversos modelos de financiamento, para o custeio, investimento e comercializa??o; o espa?o tem novas caracter?sticas. Pretende-se identificar quem s?o estes novos atores e como eles afetam o cen?rio dos atores dominantes. Algumas ferramentas simples transformaram o mercado e atra?ram o capital financeiro de diversos locais, inclusive globais, para financiar e empoderar o produtor rural. Trabalhou-se com a hip?tese que a reestrutura??o da cadeia produtiva da soja abriria uma expectativa para novos entrantes. O resultado desta tese aponta para um enfraquecimento dos grandes atores ABCD, que apensar de n?o perderem a hegemonia, ficam enfraquecidos com os novos movimentos de entrada de atores, em especial os japoneses e chineses que chegam ao Brasil com vontade de reconfigurar estes espa?os, atuando de maneira inicialmente discreta, mas incisiva no fornecimento de mat?rias-primas, produ??o, esmagamento, processamento e exporta??o.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-30T18:18:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Lilyan Guimar?es Berlim.pdf: 8659835 bytes, checksum: 7c1a0bff7a0ddc1e839d674f71b6cc82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-30T18:18:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Lilyan Guimar?es Berlim.pdf: 8659835 bytes, checksum: 7c1a0bff7a0ddc1e839d674f71b6cc82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-30 / CAPES / The fashion and textile industry is one of the largest business segment in the world. However, this segment has been the subject of ethics, aesthetics and environmental criticism, especially so-called "fast fashion", a high-speed production system, integrated with information technology, which manages releases, sales, inventory and manufacturing clothes, turning datasheets of garments in a finished product within points of sale in a few days. The fast fashion phemomenon settled in the fashion industry in the last decades of the twentieth century as a result of the dynamics of global capitalism in search of lower cost and reduced production, time, space, distribution and sale. The fast fashion, however, has been socially criticised as it?s based on precarious work and promoting hyper consumption which leads to quick disposal of clothing, consumption of natural resources at breakneck scale and also the standardization of the body and spread a subtle homogenization of the appearance, promoted by the fashion media. The research has mapped and analysed the relationship between fashion and social criticism, with emphasis on appearance, construction and current settings of the ethical criticism and aesthetics to fast fashion. It has also mapped and analysed some answers that the market has given to such criticism, as well as alternative proposals built by various social groups, in particular the slow fashion movement: its concept, ideas and production proposals, consumption and engagement. From the politicization of consumption and macro trends that are configured as a socio-cultural background of the fashion consumption trends, we see the various forms of expression of these criticisms and seek to understand its incorporation into the market. For this, we rely on the theoretical framework of Boltanski and Chiapello (2009), which considers the incorporation of criticism as necessary to the moral justification of capitalism and its maintenance. The results indicate that the criticisms are expressed and are incorporated by fashion design professional, in consumption practices. in the pursuit of sustainable business forms, creating value associated with the shared economy, the adoption of Corporate Social Responsibility, in changes in production processes and the use of lower-impact materials. We also verified that as a way of incorporating criticism as a counterpoint to the hegemonic practices of production and consumption, the movement "slow fashion" proposes not only deceleration time of production and consumption of clothes, but also empowerment and political activism in the area of fashion design. In conclusion, the research identified as a response to criticism, the existence of changes in the sector and the growing ethicization fashion. / A moda e a ind?stria t?xtil constituem um dos maiores segmentos de neg?cios do mundo. Associadas simbioticamente, chamamos este campo de ind?stria da moda. O segmento vem sendo alvo de cr?ticas ?ticas, est?ticas e ambientais. Estas cr?ticas se dirigem, principalmente, ao que tem sido chamado de ?moda r?pida?, ou fast fashion, um sistema de produ??o de alta velocidade, integrado ?s tecnologias de informa??o, que gerencia lan?amentos, vendas, estoques e manufatura de roupas, transformando fichas t?cnicas de pe?as de vestu?rio em um produto acabado dentro de pontos de venda em poucos dias. O fast fashion ? uma consequ?ncia das din?micas do capitalismo global em busca do menor custo, em um menor espa?o de tempo de fabrica??o, distribui??o e venda, baseando-se em trabalho prec?rio (muitas vezes em condi??es an?logas ? escravid?o), na promo??o do hiperconsumo e do descarte r?pido de roupas e, consequentemente, do consumo de recursos naturais em escala vertiginosa, com impactos ambientais de grande extens?o, e, ainda, na padroniza??o do corpo e na difus?o de uma sutil homogeneiza??o do parecer, promovida pelas m?dias de moda. Tais pr?ticas se estabeleceram na moda nas ?ltimas d?cadas do s?culo XX como consequ?ncia das transforma??es do capitalismo global. A presente pesquisa mapeou e analisou as rela??es entre a moda e a cr?tica, o surgimento, a constru??o e as atuais configura??es da cr?tica ?tica e est?tica ao fast fashion e as respostas que o mercado vem dando ?s mesmas, assim como as propostas alternativas constru?das por segmentos do mercado, em especial, o movimento ?moda lenta?, ou slow fashion: seu conceito, ideias e propostas de produ??o, consumo e engajamento. A partir da an?lise da politiza??o do consumo e das macrotend?ncias, que se configuram como um pano de fundo sociocultural ?s tend?ncias de consumo, verificamos a express?o destas cr?ticas e sua incorpora??o pelo corpo social; identificamos a? uma chave explicativa para a incorpora??o das cr?ticas pelo mercado de moda, corroborando com o quadro te?rico de Boltanski e Chiapello (2009), que entende a incorpora??o das cr?ticas como necess?ria ? justifica??o moral do capitalismo e sua manuten??o. Os resultados indicaram que tanto o corpo social quanto o mercado expressam e incorporam as cr?ticas nas pr?ticas de consumo de moda; na busca por formas de novos neg?cios sustent?veis; na cria??o de valor associado ? economia compartilhada; na ado??o da Responsabilidade Socioambiental Empresarial e da ?tica nos neg?cios; nas altera??es em processos produtivos; e no uso de mat?rias primas menos impactante. Verificamos tamb?m que, como incorpora??o das cr?ticas e como contraponto ?s pr?ticas hegem?nicas de produ??o e consumo, o movimento slow fashion prop?e n?o apenas a desacelera??o do tempo de produ??o e consumo de roupas, mas tamb?m um empoderamento e ativismo pol?tico na ?rea do design de moda, tanto na produ??o quanto no consumo. A pesquisa identificou a exist?ncia de altera??es no setor em fun??o da incorpora??o das cr?ticas, em especial a crescente eticiza??o da moda.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-09-26T18:02:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Andr? Lu?s Funcke.pdf: 2966034 bytes, checksum: bfb24d140c815977a4ccdc39c785b761 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-26T18:02:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Andr? Lu?s Funcke.pdf: 2966034 bytes, checksum: bfb24d140c815977a4ccdc39c785b761 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-07 / The biggest challenge to promote decent work (according to the International Labor Organization) at regions with the production organization influenced by global supply chains is to generate upgrading that benefit both companies and workers. Analyses of global production networks and value chains have focused mainly on companies, without considering the role of work and institutions indirectly linked to the means of production. The most widely used theoretical scope to address the issue of including local producers in global supply chains is the Global Value Chain. Some authors may argue that the GVC is not a theory but an analytical framework, that can be used within different theoretical approaches. However, to evaluate social up/downgrading, it was necessary that the initial analytical framework was complemented by a social network approach, in order to understand the interrelationship between all parts that influence the organization of local production, including issues related to legislation, trade unions and social protection. This research project aims to contribute to the understanding issues applied to the agricultural sector, investigating the relationship between firm economic upgrading and social upgrading regarding rural workers and small farmers, based on the assumption that economic upgrading does not necessarily lead to social upgrading. The study object is the productive organization of the irrigated region Petrolina / Juazeiro, which includes large commercial farms, large, medium and small farmers, multinational businesses and has its production focused on domestic and international markets. It was found that the inclusion of a productive region in global supply chains through value-added activities, obtains through technical capacity and standards aiming the international market, can benefit large and medium producers, but usually leads to exclusion of small farmers with low investment capacity, mainly family holders. On the other hand, the achievement of economic upgrading does not immediately imply in social upgrading to rural workers and small farmers, nor is guaranteed by the influence of the leading firms at the global supply chain. Obtaining social upgrading it is strongly related to the existence of an institutional and legal framework, that ensures voice and bargaining power by workers. This arrangement is highly influenced by the presence of a public administration with a focus on the pursuit of social equity and by de convergence of domestic and international markets. / O maior desafio para promover condi??es decentes de trabalho (segundo a organiza??o Mundial do Trabalho) associados a cadeias de produ??o integradas com mercados globais ? gerar ganhos que beneficiem tanto empresas quanto trabalhadores. As an?lises de redes de produ??o global e cadeias de valores t?m focado principalmente em empresas, sem considerar o papel do trabalho e de institui??es indiretamente ligadas ao meio de produ??o. O escopo te?rico mais utilizado para tratar a quest?o de inser??o de produtores em cadeias de suprimento globalizadas ? o Global Value Chain, que, recentemente, sofreu uma amplia??o para dar conta n?o apenas de quest?es econ?micas, mas tamb?m de quest?es sociais. Alguns autores argumentam que o GVC n?o ? um referencial te?rico e sim uma abordagem anal?tica que pode ser usada dentro de diversos enfoques te?ricos. No entanto, para dar conta da avalia??o de ganhos/perdas sociais foi necess?rio que o referencial anal?tico inicial fosse complementado por uma abordagem de rede social de forma a perceber o inter-relacionamento entre todos os atores que influenciam na organiza??o da produ??o local, incluindo quest?es relacionadas ? legisla??o, sindicalismo e prote??o social. Este projeto de pesquisa visa contribuir para a compreens?o de um quadro anal?tico aplicado ao setor agr?cola, que possa investigar o relacionamento entre as melhorias econ?micas obtidas por empresas e melhorias sociais dos trabalhadores rurais e pequenos produtores, partindo da suposi??o de que melhorias econ?micas n?o necessariamente levam a melhorias sociais. O objeto de estudo ser? a organiza??o produtiva da fruticultura no Brasil, atrav?s de pesquisas de campo conduzidas nos per?metros irrigados de Petrolina/Juazeiro, que comporta grandes fazendas comerciais, grandes, m?dios e pequenos produtores rurais, multinacionais e que tem sua produ??o voltada tanto aos mercados dom?sticos como internacionais. Verificou-se que a inser??o de uma regi?o produtiva em cadeias de produ??o globais atrav?s atividades de agrega??o de valor ? produ??o por interm?dio de melhorias t?cnicas e adequa??o da produ??o ao mercado internacional, pode trazer benef?cios para grandes e m?dio produtores, mas geralmente funciona como mecanismo de exclus?o de pequenos agricultores com baixa capacidade de investimento, principalmente os familiares. A converg?ncia entre as din?micas do mercado dom?stico e do mercado internacional ? fundamental para ampliar os ganhos econ?micos e sociais dos atores que comp?es a organiza??o da produ??o. Por outro lado, a consecu??o de ganhos econ?micos em ganhos sociais para trabalhadores rurais e agricultores familiares n?o ? imediata, nem garantida pela influ?ncia dos atores l?deres na coordena??o da cadeia produtiva. A obten??o de ganhos sociais est? fortemente vinculada ? exist?ncia de um arcabou?o institucional e legal, que garanta voz e poder de negocia??o por parte dos trabalhadores e foi altamente influenciada pela presen?a de uma gest?o p?blica com enfoque na busca da equidade social.