Global ETD Search

31	Skladování obilí ve starověkém Egyptě (2600-1650 př.n.l.).Typologie a socioekonomické implikace / Grain Storage in Ancient Egypt (2600-1650 BC). Typology and socio-economic implications Bardoňová, Martina January 2019 (has links) In recent years, research on the field of ancient Egyptian economy in its earliest historical forms has grown quickly. Despite previous efforts in the last decades, the nature of the ancient Egyptian economic system has not yet been satisfactorily defined. Ancient Egypt had, like the majority of preindustrial societies, a pre-eminently agrarian economy. Amongst the agricultural products acquired from the Egyptian land, cereals stood out due to their economic significance. Grain and cereal-based products, such as bread and beer, were used as a medium of exchange and a basis for wages. The aforementioned importance of cereals must have made their management and storage a matter of priority. The storage of food staples is always of utmost importance as it is a key component of food distribution, which is an important means of executing power and accomplishing the goals by specific actors in a system (Paulette 2013: 106). Despite the significance of grain storage for the understanding of socio-economic and power relations in a given society, no comprehensive macro-study on grain storage in ancient Egypt has been undertaken. Thus, the main goal of this work is to obtain a new multi-faceted picture of grain storage in ancient Egypt. More precisely, the study focuses on an extensive historical span...
32	Les « modèles » égyptiens en bois : matériau, fabrication, diffusion, de la fin de l’Ancien à la fin du Moyen Empire (env. 2350-1630 av. J.-C) / Egyptian Wooden Models : materials, manufacturing, spread, from the End of the Old Kingdom to the End of the Middle Kingdom (circ. 2350-1630 BC) Eschenbrenner-Diemer, Gersande 20 December 2013 (has links) Le premier volume est consacré à l’analyse des matériaux et des techniques utilisées pour la fabrication des « modèles » funéraires, c’est-à-dire, les maquettes en bois représentant des personnages ou des scènes de la vie quotidienne, typiques du mobilier funéraire des élites entre la fin de l’Ancien et la fin du Moyen Empire (env. 2350-1630 av. J.-C.). Dans une première partie, axée sur le matériel provenant des sites de Saqqâra, Assiout et Meir, les traits stylistiques et techniques ont été examinés afin de définir des groupes d’objets et identifier des ateliers de production. Des critères de datation ont ensuite été définis et comparés aux autres pièces du mobilier funéraire découverts dans les sépultures étudiées. Suivant un déroulé chronologique depuis la fin de l’Ancien Empire, la deuxième partie se concentre sur les ateliers de fabrication et les contacts interrégionaux. Une attention particulière est portée au rapport qui unit pouvoir royal, élites et artisans au travers de l’envoi d’équipements funéraires et plus particulièrement des modèles en bois découverts de la région memphite à la Haute-Égypte. La troisième partie s’intéresse aux fonctions sociales, économiques et religieuses des modèles et examine plus particulièrement le rapport étroit qui unit ce mobilier et les pratiques funéraires entre la fin de l’Ancien et la fin du Moyen Empire. Le deuxième volume présente le corpus des modèles en bois examinés. Un troisième volume est consacré aux annexes.L’examen des modèles en bois, significatif de profonds changements politiques et religieux à l’origine de nouvelles coutumes et croyances funéraires entre la VIème et la XIIIème dynastie, précise le contexte géographique, historique et social associé à la fabrication et à l’utilisation de ce mobilier et permet d’affiner la perception du rapport entre artisans et pouvoir, rapport omniprésent dans la société égyptienne antique dès la période prédynastique. / The first part focuses on material analysis and process use for the manufacturing of funerary “models”. These wooden objects represent people or everyday scenes of life, used by Egyptian elites for funeral furniture between the end of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom (cir. 2350-1630 BC). In a first part, focused on objects from Saqqara, Assiut and Meir, the stylistic and technical features were examined to define groups of objects and workshops. Then, dating criteria were defined and compared with the funeral furniture discovered in the studied graves. According to one unwound chronological since the end of the Old Kingdom, the second part concentrates on workshops and interregional contacts. A particular attention is worn in the relationship between royal power, elites and craftsmen through the sending of funeral equipment and more particularly bare wooden models of the Memphite area to the Upper Egypt. The third part is interested in the social, economic and religious functions of the models and examines more particularly the narrow relationship which unites this furniture and the funeral practices between the end of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom. The second volume presents the corpus of the examined wooden models. The third volume is dedicated to appendices. The examination of wooden models, significant of political and religious deep changes at the origin of new customs and funeral faiths between the VIth and the XIIIth dynasty, specifies the geographical, historic and social context associated with the manufacturing. The analysis of these objects allows refining the perception of the relationship between craftsmen and power, omnipresent in the Egyptian society from the Predynastic period. Modèles funéraires Statuaire privée Bois Saqqâra Meir Assiout Moyenne-Égypte Haute-Égypte Région memphite Nécropole VIe dynastie Première Période intermédiaire Moyen Empire Élites Artisans Ateliers Capitale Provinces Datation Provenance Analyses des matériaux Étude technique Traits stylistiques Pratiques funéraires Symbolique Économie Funerary models Statues Wood Saqqara Assiut Meir Necropolis Upper Egypt Middle Egypt Low Egypt VIth dynasty First Intermediate Period Middle Kingdom Elites Craftsmen Workshops Capital Provinces Dating-Origin Materials analysis Technical study Stylistic aspects Burial customs Symbolism Economy
33	Aspects of ancient Near Eastern chronology (c. 1600-700 BC) Furlong, Pierce James January 2007 (has links) (PDF) The chronology of the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age Near East is currently a topic of intense scholarly debate. The conventional/orthodox chronology for this period has been assembled over the past one-two centuries using information from King-lists, royal annals and administrative documents, primarily those from the Great Kingdoms of Egypt, Assyria and Babylonia. This major enterprise has resulted in what can best be described as an extremely complex but little understood jigsaw puzzle composed of a multiplicity of loosely connected data. I argue in my thesis that this conventional chronology is fundamentally wrong, and that Egyptian New Kingdom (Memphite) dates should be lowered by 200 years to match historical actuality. This chronological adjustment is achieved in two stages: first, the removal of precisely 85 years of absolute Assyrian chronology from between the reigns of Shalmaneser II and Ashur-dan II; and second, the downward displacement of Egyptian Memphite dates relative to LBA Assyrian chronology by a further 115 years. Moreover, I rely upon Kuhnian epistemology to structure this alternate chronology so as to make it methodologically superior to the conventional chronology in terms of historical accuracy, precision, consistency and testability.

Page generated in 0.066 seconds