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<p dir="ltr">This study explores an association between the leadership styles of senior leaders in international schools—specifically transactional, transformational, and passive-avoidant approaches—and whether members of their board are elected, appointed, or both. The literature review identifies a recent board trend towards increasing the appointment of members and a preference for transformational leadership from senior leaders. This study highlights the relationship between leadership and governance in international schools and suggests re-evaluating historical paradigms. A quantitative approach was used to establish a significant association with a large effect between senior international school leaders with a transformational leadership style and international school boards that appoint members as opposed to electing them. Implications for theory, practice, and future research are discussed with the suggestion that a transformational break with democratic traditions might serve international schools best in the future.<br></p>

Em escolas internacionais de São Paulo, currículos e metodologias de ensino internacionais e transnacionais são utilizadas. Em Matemática, estas escolas ensinam, por exemplo, um algoritmo para divisão que não é normalmente utilizados no sistema educacional brasileiro. Como a maioria dos alunos destas escolas são brasileiros, isto é caracterizado como educational borrowing. No entanto, ao estudar alguns destes elementos não tradicionais na cultura escolar brasileira, percebemos que suas origens não são facilmente identificáveis. Com a intensificação da globalização nas últimas décadas, influências estrangeiras têm se tornado mais complexas. No caso de alguns métodos, em face das dificuldades em estabelecer o país emprestador, se faz necessário complementar as teorias da Educação Comparada para que pesquisadores possam utilizar tais subsídios teóricos e entender o fenômeno com coerência. Complementos que são obtidos à luz da Antropologia, especificamente através da teoria de antropólogos como Michel de Certeau, que nos ajuda a melhor compreender a maneira com que os alunos individualizam estes produtos da educação internacional. A seguir, de volta ao domínio da Educação Comparada, os modelos típicos ideais de Brian Holmes podem auxiliar na decisão sobre o que pode ser copiado de um sistema educacional e as prováveis consequências destas ações. Ao fim da pesquisa, conclui-se que de fato os consumidores da educação internacional aqui mencionada nem sempre tomam posse deste produto conforme o anunciado pelos seus produtores. / At international schools in São Paulo, international and transnational curricula and methodology are utilized. In mathematics, these schools teach, for instance, an algorithm for division that is not normally adopted in the Brazilian educational system. Since the majority of the students of these schools are Brazilian, this is identified as educational borrowing. However, as we study some of these non-traditional elements in the Brazilian School Culture, we realize that their origins are not easily determined. With the intensification of the globalization during the last decades, foreigner influences have become more complex. It is hard to determine the lender country in the case of some methods and because of these difficulties it is necessary to complement the theories of Compared Education so that the researchers can make use of such theoretical resources and understand the phenomenon with coherence. Such complements are obtained in the light of the anthropology, specifically through the theory of anthropologists such as Michel de Certeau, who help us to better understand the way students individualize these products of the international education. Then, going back to the grounds of Compared Education, the ideal typical models of Brian Holmes can give us aid to decide what can and what can not be copied from other educational systems and the possible consequences of such actions. At the end of this research, it is concluded that in fact the consumers of the international education mentioned here not always take poss of it according to what is announced by its producers.

A disparity in the mathematics performance between students with disabilities (SWDs) and students without disabilities in K-8 grades in international schools may lead to a lack of opportunities for SWDs to take advanced mathematics classes and enter mathematics-related college programs and careers. This problem may be increased if K-8 teachers of SWDs do not use social-constructivist-based practices needed for effective mathematics teaching. The purpose of this bounded qualitative exploratory case study was to explore the constructivist-based practices teachers applied in the mathematics K-8 classrooms for SWDs. Vygotsky's social-constructivism theory was used to guide this study. The research question addressed which social-constructivist principles were used to instruct K-8 SWDs to learn mathematics. Eight K-8 mathematics teachers from 5 international schools were purposefully chosen and volunteered to complete a qualitative questionnaire and to participate in a semistructured interview. Data were analyzed thematically using a priori, open, and axial coding strategies and related to the conceptual framework. Teachers reported building relationships with SWDs to guide and use differentiated instruction, fostering student efficacy, and integrating real-world context and activities in their mathematics instruction. Based on the findings, it is recommended that teachers use self-reflection to align their teaching practices with social-constructivist principles and use self-reflection and feedback opportunities with SWDs to discuss student learning. This endeavor may contribute to positive social change when administrators encourage teachers to use self-reflection and self-assessment of their mathematics instruction to lead SWDs to increased motivation, engagement, and learning, which may result in more options for college majors and career paths for SWDs.

Em escolas internacionais de São Paulo, currículos e metodologias de ensino internacionais e transnacionais são utilizadas. Em Matemática, estas escolas ensinam, por exemplo, um algoritmo para divisão que não é normalmente utilizados no sistema educacional brasileiro. Como a maioria dos alunos destas escolas são brasileiros, isto é caracterizado como educational borrowing. No entanto, ao estudar alguns destes elementos não tradicionais na cultura escolar brasileira, percebemos que suas origens não são facilmente identificáveis. Com a intensificação da globalização nas últimas décadas, influências estrangeiras têm se tornado mais complexas. No caso de alguns métodos, em face das dificuldades em estabelecer o país emprestador, se faz necessário complementar as teorias da Educação Comparada para que pesquisadores possam utilizar tais subsídios teóricos e entender o fenômeno com coerência. Complementos que são obtidos à luz da Antropologia, especificamente através da teoria de antropólogos como Michel de Certeau, que nos ajuda a melhor compreender a maneira com que os alunos individualizam estes produtos da educação internacional. A seguir, de volta ao domínio da Educação Comparada, os modelos típicos ideais de Brian Holmes podem auxiliar na decisão sobre o que pode ser copiado de um sistema educacional e as prováveis consequências destas ações. Ao fim da pesquisa, conclui-se que de fato os consumidores da educação internacional aqui mencionada nem sempre tomam posse deste produto conforme o anunciado pelos seus produtores. / At international schools in São Paulo, international and transnational curricula and methodology are utilized. In mathematics, these schools teach, for instance, an algorithm for division that is not normally adopted in the Brazilian educational system. Since the majority of the students of these schools are Brazilian, this is identified as educational borrowing. However, as we study some of these non-traditional elements in the Brazilian School Culture, we realize that their origins are not easily determined. With the intensification of the globalization during the last decades, foreigner influences have become more complex. It is hard to determine the lender country in the case of some methods and because of these difficulties it is necessary to complement the theories of Compared Education so that the researchers can make use of such theoretical resources and understand the phenomenon with coherence. Such complements are obtained in the light of the anthropology, specifically through the theory of anthropologists such as Michel de Certeau, who help us to better understand the way students individualize these products of the international education. Then, going back to the grounds of Compared Education, the ideal typical models of Brian Holmes can give us aid to decide what can and what can not be copied from other educational systems and the possible consequences of such actions. At the end of this research, it is concluded that in fact the consumers of the international education mentioned here not always take poss of it according to what is announced by its producers.

The quality of piano education in international schools in China has been affected by an increasing number of piano students and piano teachers experiencing heavy teaching loads. The research questions in this qualitative case study included both teachers' and parents' perceptions of the quality of teaching and learning in piano classes at multicultural international schools in a suburban district of Beijing. The 4 principles of the Suzuki method provided the conceptual framework for the study. Data were collected through interviews with 10 experienced piano teachers, 10 selected parents of K-12 piano students, and observations of 3 group piano classes, 8 individual lessons, and 3 student recitals. All data were coded and analyzed using the Suzuki principles of character, use of the mother tongue, parental involvement, and positive environment. Findings indicated that school leaders, teachers, parents, and students need to understand each party's expectations to build and maintain a healthy relationship and positive learning environment as promoted by the principles of the Suzuki method. A professional development program, Piano Teaching in a Beijing Suburb: 21st Century Effective Piano Teaching, was created to engage and support local piano teachers' needs and to improve their understanding of various eastern and western teaching approaches, traditional and functional piano teaching, and effective teaching strategies to better prepare them for teaching in diverse classrooms. Implementation of the project might affect social change and benefit the local international community by providing a professional development model for all piano teachers to help international piano students during their transitional years in China.

Thesis advisor: Hans de Wit / Thesis advisor: Gerardo L. Blanco / Today’s global knowledge economy has become complex, dynamic, and competitive. In this environment, the talented workforce is increasingly diverse, educated, and mobile. International talents tend to migrate to anglophone countries and contribute to technological innovation, scientific discoveries, and economic growth. The largest international student population in the top destination countries comes from Asia. At the same time, research has shown that Asian international students reported lower satisfaction and higher adjustment challenges due to linguistic and cultural barriers, negatively impacting their learning and living experiences. This dissertation aims to understand and explain the transnational transition process through a subset of the Asian international student population. Thirty-five current university student interviewees are purposefully selected. They are graduates of the “International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme,” a rigorous education pathway program popular in Asia for families to prepare their children for Western higher education. Asian International Baccalaureate (IB) alums, who received education in linguistically and culturally diverse settings, offered more nuanced and complex answers to what traditional literature has indicated about international student transitions and experiences. A Successful International University Transition Model is generated from the grounded theory analysis. This model illustrates the causal and intervening conditions that impact international transitions, with the central tasks of being a university student and becoming an adult. Further, the results are discussed with Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus/practice to explain the heterogeneity in the process amongst the diverse international student population. Lastly, recommendations to stakeholders suggest ways to support globally mobile young adults in their transition and development journey. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2023. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

This study examines expats and their families in the canton of Zürich, Switzerland. Their reasons and choices regarding integrating (or not) into the Swiss society, educational strategies for their children and possessed capital assets upon arrival in Switzerland is the three problem statements being explored. Pierre Bourdieu’s´ sociology is the theoretical framework for this study – the concept of different types of capital and educational strategies are especially important in this regard. Interviews with female expats whose children attend the Inter-Community School Zürich (ICSZ) were conducted and the stated purpose of the study was obtained. This study concludes that these expat families choose the international grounds rather than the local, due to language barriers. The language makes it hard for both themselves and their children to integrate and/or feel part of the Swiss community and society. The expats are integrated into the international ´expat-bubble´ rather than the Swiss society or community, and the reason is due to the lack of time spent with the local people, not mastering the language and/or not being interested enough to make the effort to integrate. This specific group of expats can be seen as an ´international elite- group´, based on their assets of capital, their cosmopolitan lifestyle and international social grounds.  These expats value their capitals highly but is not stating that one specific capital is more needed than another; all their assets are of worth and they do not consciously use a specific capital for their integration.

At an international school in Taiwan, English learners have struggled to meet the U.S. national average in vocabulary on standardized testing instruments. This problem has become more significant since 2009. The purpose of this research was to conduct a case study on successful vocabulary teachers to determine their perceptions of effective teaching. Knowles' andragogy, Brookfield's self-directed, experiential learning, and Vygotsky's social constructivist framework provided the conceptual framework for this study. The research questions focused on teachers' perceptions of why they were successful in teaching vocabulary in English. The study site had access to quantitative data regarding previous standardized testing results; however, there was little information about what was causing these teachers to be successful. The primary data collection method was individual interviews with 5 teachers whose success in teaching vocabulary in English was determined by previous students' standardized testing results and the administrator's recommendation. The teachers' perceptions were analyzed using a structural coding process to derive key words, categories, and themes. Findings revealed the needs for increased scaffolding for teachers and students, a purposeful and supportive learning environment, and meaningful context and comprehensible content. This study also included developing a professional learning workshop to enhance the knowledge of all teachers regarding vocabulary instruction. Enhanced knowledge could result in teachers implementing best practices to enable all students, especially English learners, to improve their vocabulary development, which over time may lead to proficiency and mastery in academics and empower students to succeed academically.