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Information extraction from unstructured web text /Popescu, Ana-Maria, January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-139).
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Google searchUnruh, Miriam, McLean, Cheryl, Tittenberger, Peter, Schor, Dario 30 May 2006 (has links)
After completing this tutorial you will be able to access "Google", conduct a simple search, and interpret the search results.
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Evaluation of Internet search tools instrument designSaunders, Tana 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated Internet search tools / engines to identify desirable features that can be
used as a benchmark or standard to evaluate web search engines. In the past, the Internet was
thought of as a big spider's web, ultimately connecting all the bits of information. It has now
become clear that this is not the case, and that the bow tie analogy is more accurate. This
analogy suggests that there is a central core of well-connected pages, with links IN and OUT to
other pages, tendrils and orphan pages. This emphasizes the importance of selecting a search
tool that is well connected and linked to the central core. Searchers must take into account that
not all search tools search the Invisible Web and this will reflect on the search tool selected. Not
all information found on the Web and Internet is reliable, current and accurate, and Web
information must be evaluated in terms of authority, currency, bias, purpose of the Web site, etc.
Different kinds of search tools are available on the Internet, such as search engines, directories,
library gateways, portals, intelligent agents, etc. These search tools were studied and explored. A
new categorization for online search tools consisting of Intelligent Agents, Search Engines,
Directories and Portals / Hubs is suggested. This categorization distinguishes the major
differences between the 21 kinds of search tools studied. Search tools / engines consist of
spiders, crawlers, robots, indexes and search tool software. These search tools can be further
distinguished by their scope, internal or external searches and whether they search Web pages
or Web sites. Most search tools operate within a relationship with other search tools, and they
often share results, spiders and databases. This relationship is very dynamic. The major
international search engines have identifiable search features. The features of Google, Yahoo,
Lycos and Excite were studied in detail. Search engines search for information in different ways,
and present their results differently. These characteristics are critical to the Recall/Precision ratio.
A well-planned search strategy will improve the Precision/Recall ratio and consider the web-user
capabilities and needs. Internet search tools/engines is not a panacea for all information needs,
and have pros and cons. The Internet search tool evaluation instrument was developed based on
desirable features of the major search tools, and is considered a benchmark or standard for
Internet search tools. This instrument, applied to three South African search tools, provided
insight into the capabilities of the local search tools compared to the benchmark suggested in this
study. The study concludes that the local search engines compare favorably with the major ones,
but not enough so to use them exclusively. Further research into this aspect is needed. Intelligent
agents are likely to become more popular, but the only certainty in the future of Internet search
tools is change, change, and change. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het Internetsoekinstrumente/-enjins ondersoek met die doel om gewenste
eienskappe te identifiseer wat as 'n standaard kan dien om soekenjins te evalueer. In die verlede
is die Internet gesien as 'n groot spinnerak, wat uiteindelik al die inligtingsdeeltjies verbind. Dit
het egter nou duidelik geword dat dit glad nie die geval is nie, en dat die strikdas analogie meer
akkuraat is. Hierdie analogie stel voor dat daar 'n sentrale kern van goed gekonnekteerde
bladsye is, met skakels IN en UIT na ander bladsye, tentakels en weesbladsye. Dit beklemtoon
die belangrikheid om die regte soekinstrument te kies, naamlik een wat goed gekonnekteer is, en
geskakel is met die sentrale kern van dokumente. Soekers moet in gedagte hou dat nie alle
soekenjins in die Onsigbare Web soek nie, en dit behoort weerspieël te word in die keuse van die
soekinstrument. Nie alle inligting wat op die Web en Internet gevind word is betroubaar, op
datum en akkuraat nie, en Web-inligting moet geëvalueer word in terme van outoriteit, tydigheid,
vooroordeel, doel van die Webruimte, ens. Verskillende soorte soekinstrumente is op die Internet
beskikbaar, soos soekenjins, gidse, biblioteekpoorte, portale, intelligente agente, ens. Hierdie
soekinstrumente is bestudeer en verken. 'n Nuwe kategorisering vir aanlyn soekinstrumente
bestaande uit Intelligente Agente, Soekinstrumente, Gidse en Portale/Middelpunte word
voorgestel. Hierdie kategorisering onderskei die hoofverskille tussen die 21 soorte
soekinstrumente wat bestudeer is. Soekinstrumente/-enjins bestaan uit spinnekoppe, kruipers,
robotte, indekse en soekinstrument sagteware. Hierdie soekinstrumente kan verder onderskei
word deur hulle omvang, interne of eksterne soektogte en of hulle op Webbladsye of Webruimtes
soek. Die meeste soekinstrumente werk in verhouding met ander soekinstrumente, en hulle deel
dikwels resultate, spinnekoppe en databasisse. Hierdie verhouding is baie dinamies. Die hoof
internasionale soekenjins het soekeienskappe wat identifiseerbaar is. Die eienskappe van
Google, Yahoo en Excite is in besonderhede bestudeer. Soekenjins soek op verskillende
maniere na inligting, en lê hulle resultate verskillend voor. Hierdie karaktereienskappe is krities
vir die Herwinning/Presisie verhouding. 'n Goedbeplande soekstrategie sal die
Herwinning/Presisie verhouding verbeter. Internet soekinstrumente/-enjins is nie die
wondermiddel vir alle inligtingsbehoeftes nie, en het voor- en nadele. Die Internet soekinstrument
evalueringsmeganisme se ontwikkeling is gebaseer op gewenste eienskappe van die hoof
soekinstrumente, en word beskou as 'n standaard vir Internet soekinstrumente. Hierdie
instrument, toegepas op drie Suid-Afrikaanse soekenjins, het insae verskaf in die
doeltreffendheid van die plaaslike soekinstrumente soos vergelyk met die standaard wat in
hierdie studie voorgestel word. In die studie word tot die slotsom gekom dat die plaaslike
soekenjins gunstig vergelyk met die hoof soekenjins, maar nie genoegsaam sodat hulle
eksklusief gebruik kan word nie. Verdere navorsing oor hierdie aspek is nodig. Intelligente
Agente sal waarskynlik meer gewild word, maar die enigste sekerheid vir die toekoms van
Internet soekinstrumente is verandering, verandering en nogmaals verandering.
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Visibility of e-commerce websites to search engines: a comparison between text-based and graphic-based hyperlinksNgindana, Mongezi January 2006 (has links)
DISSERTATION
Submitted in partial fulfilment
of the requirements for the degree
MAGISTER TECHNOLOGIAE
in
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
in the
FACULTY OF BUSINESS INFORMATICS
at the
CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
2006 / Research has shown that most website developers first build a website
and only later focus on the ‘searchability’ and ‘visibility’ of the website.
Companies spend large amounts of money on the development of a
website which sadly cannot be indexed by search engines, is rejected by
directory editors and which is furthermore invisible to crawlers. The
primary objective of this dissertation is to compare and report on the
impact of text-based versus graphic-based hyperlinks on website visibility.
The method employed in the research was to develop two e-Commerce
based websites with the same functionality, contents and keywords,
however utilising different navigation schemes. The one website had all
hyperlinks coded in text-phrases, while the other embedded the hyperlinks
in graphics. Both websites were submitted to the same search engines at
the same time. A period of eight months was allowed to ensure that the
websites drew sufficient ‘hits’ to enable a comparative analysis to be
conducted. Two industry standard website ranking programs were used to
monitor how the two websites feature in the search engine rankings.
Graphs as well as text-based reports produced by the ranking programs
and the t-test were used to compare and analyse the results.
Evidence based on the reviewed literature indicated that there are
conflicting reports on the impact of text as opposed to graphic hyperlinks
on website visibility. However, there is unsupported evidence that text
hyperlinks achieved higher rankings than graphics-based hyperlinks.
Although the ‘human website browsers’ find a certain amount of graphical
aids conducive to easier navigation, ‘search engine crawlers’ find many of
these same graphic aids impossible to index. The study supported that the
graphic-based website ranked higher than the text-based website, which
calls for a balance to be found between these two extremes. This balance
would satisfy both ‘human website browsers’ and ‘search engine crawlers’.
It is posited by this author that this dissertation provides website designers
with the abilities to achieve such a balance.
KEYWORDS:
search engines, hyperlinks, text, graphics, visibility, navigation, ecommerce,
design.
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Development of a search engine marketing model using the application of a dual strategyKritzinger, Wouter Thomas January 2017 (has links)
Thesis (DTech (Informatics))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. / Any e-commerce venture using a website as main shop-front should invest in marketing
their website. Previous empirical evidence shows that most Search Engine Marketing
(SEM) spending (approximately 82%) is allocated to Pay Per Click (PPC) campaigns
while only 12% was spent on Search Engine Optimisation (SEO). The remaining 6% of
the total spending was allocated to other SEM strategies.
No empirical work was found on how marketing expenses compare when used solely for
either the one or the other of the two main types of SEM. In this study, a model will be
designed to guide the development of a dual SEM strategy.
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Analysis of internet image search performanceWang, Xiaoling 01 January 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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Web search engines as teaching and research resources : a perceptions survey of IT and CS staff from selected universities of the KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape provinces of South AfricaTamba, Paul A. Tamba January 2011 (has links)
A dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Technology: Information Technology, Durban University of Technology, 2011. / This study examines the perceived effect of the following factors on web searching ability of academic staff in the computing discipline: demographic attributes such as gender, age group, position held by the academic staff, highest qualification, etc; lecturing experience, research experience, English language proficiency, and web searching experience. The research objectives are achieved using a Likert-scale based questionnaire for 61 academic staff from Information Technology and Computer Science departments from four Universities from the Kwazulu-Natal and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed for data analysis from the questionnaire after performing data reliability and validity tests using factor analysis and Cronbach‟s coefficients methods on the PASW Statistics 18.0 (SPSS).
Descriptive statistics revealed a majority of staff from IT as compared to staff in CS and, a majority of under qualified middle age male staff in junior positions with considerable years of lecturing experience but with little research experience. Inferential statistics show an association between web searching ability and demographic attributes such as academic qualifications, positions, and years of research experience, and also reveal a relationship between web searching ability and lecturing experience, and between web searching ability and English language ability. However, the association between position, English language ability, and searching ability was found to be the strongest of all.
The novelty finding by this study is the effect of lecturing experience on web searching ability which has not been claimed by existing research reviewed. Ideas for future research include mentoring of academic staff by more experienced staff, training of novice web searchers, designing and using semantic search systems both in English and in local languages, publishing more web content in local languages, and triangulating various research strategies for the analysis of the usability of web search engines.
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Learning an integrated hybrid image retrieval systemJing, Yushi 06 January 2012 (has links)
Current Web image search engines, such as Google or Bing Images, adopt a hybrid search approach in which a text-based query (e.g.
"apple") is used to retrieve a set of relevant images, which are then refined by the user (e.g. by re-ranking the retrieved images based on similarity to a selected example). This approach makes it possible to use both text information (e.g. the initial query) and image features (e.g. as part of the refinement stage) to identify images which are relevant to the user. One limitation of these current systems is that text and image features are treated as independent components and are often used in a decoupled manner.
This work proposes to develop an integrated hybrid search method which leverages the synergies between text and image features.
Recently, there has been tremendous progress in the computer vision community in learning models of visual concepts from collections of example images. While impressive performance has been achieved on standardized data sets, scaling these methods so that they are capable of working at web scale remains a significant challenge. This work will develop approaches to visual modeling that can be scaled to address the task of retrieving billions of images on the Web.
Specifically, we propose to address two research issues related to integrated text- and image-based retrieval. First, we will explore whether models of visual concepts which are learned from collections of web images can be utilized to improve the image ranking associated with a text-based query. Second, we will investigate the hypothesis that the click-patterns associated with standard web image search engines can be utilized to learn query-specific image similarity measures that support improved query-refinement performance. We will evaluate our research by constructing a prototype integrated hybrid retrieval system based on the data from 300K real-world image queries. We will conduct user-studies to evaluate the effectiveness of our learned similarity measures and quantify the benefit of our method in real world search tasks such as target search.
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Surfing for knowledge : how undergraduate students use the internet for research and study purposes.Phillips, Genevieve. January 2013 (has links)
The developments in technology and concomitant access to the Internet have reshaped the
way people research in their personal and academic lives. The ever-expanding amount of
information on the Internet is creating an environment where users are able to find what they
seek for or add to the body of knowledge or both. Researching, especially for academic
purposes, has been greatly impacted by the Internet’s rapid growth and expansion. This
project stemmed from a desire to understand how student’s research methods have evolved
when taking into account their busy schedules and needs. The availability and accessibility of
the Internet has increased its use considerably as a straightforward medium from which users
obtain desired information. This thesis was to ascertain in what manner senior undergraduate
students at the University of Kwa-Zulu Natal Pietermaritzburg campus use the Internet for
academic research purposes which is largely determined by the individual’s personal
preference and access to the Internet. Through the relevant literature review there arose
pertinent questions that required answers. Students were interviewed to determine when, why
and how they began using the Internet, and how this usage contributes to their academic
work; whether it aids or inhibits student’s research. Through collection and analysis of data,
evidence emerged that students followed contemporary research methods, making extensive
use of the Internet, while a few use both forms of resources, unless compelled by lecturers
when following assignment requirements. As a secondary phase, from the results received
from the students, lecturers were interviewed. Differing levels of restrictions on students were
evident; they themselves use the Internet for academic research purposes. Lecturers were
convinced they had the understanding and experience to discern what was relevant and factual. Referring to the Internet for research is becoming more popular. This should continue
to increase as the student’s lives become more complex. A suggestion offered by this
research project is to academic staff. Equip students from their early University years on
standards they should follow in order to research correctly, as opposed to limiting their use of
the Internet leading in part to students committing plagiarism being unaware of the wealth of
reputable resources available for their use and benefit on the Internet. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2013.
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Using effective information searching skills to solve problemsLakshmanan, Muthukumar S. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Australian Centre for Educational Studies, School of Education, 2009. / "2008". Bibliography: p. 268-283.
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