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Dissertation Mats de Rooij Charles University Student Number: 17287595 ABSTRACT Keywords: ISIS oil financing strategy-making third-party interventions United States This dissertation will explore the US-led coalition's strategy for disrupting ISIS's oil network in Iraq and Syria. Scholars have debated the desirability of third-party interventions and strategies for countering financing structures of violent non- state actors. However, remarkably limited research exists on ISIS's estimated largest source of revenue during the existence of its caliphate: the production and distribution of petroleum. This study will therefore introduce a framework for analysing the military response enacted by the US-led coalition between September 2014 and October 2017. It will do so through a mixed method study that includes the first-hand generation and analysis of a dataset containing 5,768 unique data points that present both an insight into the strategy behind the strikes and vulnerabilities in ISIS's oil network. Findings demonstrate how the coalition was able to exploit vulnerabilities specifically in the production, transportation, and refinement stages of the production chain. It will be argued that, as the campaign proceeded, the coalition became increasingly willing to take risks of collateral damage as a...

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East Tennessee State University medical library has a strong interest in helping rural clinicians access library resources. The objective of this study is to analyze the information practices of rural Northeast Tennessee clinicians.

Obesity is a chronic and growing disease defined by weighing 20% or more than the ideal, or having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or more. While natural weight loss is available, many patients are choosing weight loss surgery (i.e., bariatric surgery) as an alternative to lose weight and reduce their risks for comorbidities such as diabetes, heart disease, and sleep apnea. Tools and resources for post-surgical support in the bariatric surgery community have been limited and, in the past, most tools and resources for weight loss have focused on non-surgical weight loss communities; as such, analysis methods for measuring success in this population have not been clearly developed and tested. This research proposes and evaluates analysis methods that may be used in such studies. These analysis methods are evaluated using data from the Weight and Exercise Lifestyle Support study at Baystate Medical Center in Springfield, MA. In this study, a group of participants (n = 6) approved for bariatric surgery were followed by the research team starting roughly one month before surgery through three months after surgery. Participants received pedometers and weight scales, and access to an online patient portal where they could review their physical activity levels, and receive support from others in the study and an exercise consultant. Data collected included pre- and post-study dietary and exercise self-efficacy levels, self-reported and objective physical activity measures, self-reported dietary adherence, device usage, and usability and satisfaction with the program. This research evaluates whether the proposed measures can help determine the presence and nature of the relationships between the aforementioned variables. If these measures prove to be useful, they can be used in future interventions that use technology to support post-surgical weight loss communities.

Syfte: Studiens syfte var att beskriva arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för hjärntrötthet hos personer med postcovid.  Metod: En kvalitativ design valdes för att besvara studiens syfte. Urvalet skedde genom snöbollsurval och målinriktad provtagning med förutbestämda kriterier. Totalt sex yrkesverksamma arbetsterapeuter deltog i studien. Insamling av data skedde genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med stöd av intervjuguide. Samtliga intervjuer spelades in och transkriberades för att sedan analyseras enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analyserad data resulterade i tre huvudkategorier med respektive underkategorier. Huvudkategorierna bestod av; “Psykoedukativa interventioner” som beskrev interventioner i form av information om postcovid, hjärntrötthet samt aktivitetsbalans och meningsfullaaktiviteter. “Hitta energibesparande strategier i vardagen” som beskrev kognitiva strategier, anpassningar av miljö och aktivitet samt interventioner riktade mot återhämtning. Den sista kategorin var “Interventioner för yttre socialt stöd” och beskrev interventioner som riktade sig mot arbete och sjukskrivning, samt mot närstående och stöd från personer med samma tillstånd. Slutsats: Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för hjärntrötthet vid postcovid kan delas in i tre huvudsakliga kategorier som beskriver olika typer av interventioner som alla uppfyller olika syften. Dessa interventioner återfinns hos andra patientgrupper med hjärntrötthet men anpassas ofta för patienter med postcovid. Studiens resultat jämfört med litteratur visar att arbetsterapeuter besitter stor kompetens för rehabilitering av denna patientgrupp iochmed deras personcentrerade förhållningssätt samt kunskaper om aktivitetsbalans och vardagsergonomi. Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner bör därför prioriteras i rehabilitering av denna patientgrupp. Större studier behövs för att vidare stödja detta, samt se över effekten av arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för hjärntrötthet vid postcovid. / Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe occupational therapists’ experiences of occupational therapy interventions aimed at mental fatigue for people with postcovid. Method: A qualitative design method was used to answer the purpose of this study. Sampling was done through snowball sampling and purposive sampling with predetermined criteria. A total of six occupational therapists participated in the study. Collection of data was done through semistructured interviews with support from a premade interview guide. All interviews were recorded and transcribed to then be analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Results: Analyzed data resulted in three main categories with respective subcategories. The main categories are: “Psychoeducational interventions ” that described interventions in the form of information regarding postcovid, mental fatigue and also activity balance and meaningful activities. “Finding strategies for energy conservation in everyday life” that described cognitive strategies, adaptations of environment and occupations and also interventions aimed at rest. The last category was “Interventions for external social support” which described interventions aimed at work and sick leave, and also family and support from people with the same condition.                           Conclusion: Occupational interventions for mental fatigue in people with postcovid can be separated into three main categories that describe different forms of interventions that all fulfill different purposes. These interventions can also be found in other patient groups that experience mental fatigue but are often adapted for patients with postcovid. The result of the study compared to the literature shows that occupational therapists possess great competence for rehabilitation of this patient group through their person-centered approach and knowledge about activity balance and ergonomics. Occupational therapy interventions should therefore be prioritized in the rehabilitation of this patient group. Larger studies are needed to further support this, and to study the effect of occupational therapy interventions aimed at mental fatigue forpeople with postcovid.

Bakgrund Sömn är en förutsättning för en god hälsa och välbefinnande. Flertal individer med diagnosen autismspektrumtillstånd upplever någon form av sömnstörningar. Ett av sjuksköterskans professionella ansvar är att identifiera samt erbjuda individuella omvårdnadsåtgärder för att främja sömn. Konsekvenser av en otillräcklig sömn kan vara försämrade kärnsymtom hos individer med diagnosen autismspektrumtillstånd, negativ påverkan på hälsa och livskvaliteten samt resultera i onödiga vårdkostnader. Genom att identifiera omvårdnadsåtgärder om sömn relaterad till diagnosen autismspektrumtillstånd kan sjuksköterskan minska sömnstörningar och därmed främja sömn.  Syfte Syftet var att beskriva omvårdnadsåtgärder för att främja sömn för individer med autismspektrumtillstånd. Metod Denna icke-systematiska litteraturöversikt utfördes baserad på 19 vetenskapliga artiklar med både kvantitativ och kvalitativ design. Artiklarna inhämtades från databaserna PubMed och CINAHL under september och oktober 2021. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades utifrån Sophiahemmet Högskolas bedömningsunderlag. En integrerad analys utfördes där ett tema framkom med tillhörande tre subteman, vilket data sorterades in under.  Resultat I resultatet framkom ett tema, sömnhygien. Under temat beskrevs omvårdnadsåtgärder som främjade sömn hos individer med diagnosen autismspektrumtillstånd. Utifrån temat skapades tre subteman, sömninterventioner, utbildning och delaktighet. Resultatet påvisade även att anhöriga spelade en viktig roll i omvårdnaden för att främja sömn hos individer med diagnosen autismspektrumtillstånd.  Slutsats Omvårdnadsåtgärder innefattande olika sorters interventioner såsom fysisk aktivitet, rutiner samt hjälpmedel och utbildning var viktiga sömnbefrämjande faktorer för individer med diagnosen autismspektrumtillstånd. Det är även väsentligt att omvårdnadsåtgärderna är anpassade för att skapa ett sammanhang för den enskilda individen. Anhöriga spelade en stor roll som stöd i utförandet av omvårdnadsåtgärder. Individers delaktighet i sin vård framhölls som en viktig faktor för att minska sömnstörningar och därmed främja sömn. Förhoppningen är att den icke-systematiska litteraturöversikten kan bidra med mer kunskap för att främja sömn för individer med diagnosen autismspektrumtillstånd. / Background Sleep is a prerequisite for good health and well-being. Most individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders experience some form of sleep disorder. One of the nurse's professional responsibilities is to identify and offer individual nursing measures to promote sleep. Consequences of insufficient sleep can be worsened core symptoms, negative impact on health and quality of life and result in unnecessary care costs. By identifying nursing care measures related to the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, the nurse can reduce sleep disorders and thus promote sleep.  Aim The purpose was to describe nursing interventions to promote sleep for individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Method This non-systematic literature review was performed based on 19 scientific articles with both quantitative and qualitative design. The articles were obtained from the databases PubMed and CINAHL in september och october 2021. The articles were quality reviewed from Sophiahemmet University's assessment basis. An integrated analysis was performed where a theme emerged with three sub-themes, wich the data were sorted under. Results  The result revealed a theme, sleep hygiene. The theme described nursing interventions that promoted sleep in individuals with diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders. Based on the theme, three subthemes were created, sleep interventions, education and participations. The results also showed that relatives played an important role in nursing to promote sleep in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Conclusions  Nursing measures including various types of interventions such as physical activity, routines as well as aids and education were important sleep-promoting factors for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. It was also essential that the nursing measures were adapted to create a context for the individual. Relatives played a major role in supporting the performance of nursing care. The individual's participation in their care is emphasized as an important factor in reducing sleep disorders and thereby promoting sleep. The hope is that the non-systematic literature review can contribute more knowledge to promote sleep for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders.

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