O objetivo geral desse trabalho foi o de analisar os fatores intrínsecos associados ao risco de quedas entre os idosos residentes no Município de São Paulo no ano de 2000. Para alcançar tal objetivo foram utilizados os dados referentes à população idosa do Estudo SABE (Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento) Brasil, obtidos junto aos idosos residentes na zona urbana do Município de São Paulo, no ano de 2000. Utilizou-se a análise multivariada, o que permitiu uma abordagem analítica dos dados, considerando-se o comportamento per si e na presença das demais variáveis estudadas. Os cruzamentos dessas variáveis com a queda foram realizados separadamente, por sexo e idade, utilizando-se a ponderação amostral e o teste de associação de Rao Scott. Para identificar o risco de morte para as variáveis idade, sexo e queda, foram utilizadas a análise de sobrevida e as curvas de sobrevida de Kaplan Meier. Com essa pesquisa, concluiu-se que quanto mais longeva for a pessoa, maior o número de fatores intrínsecos relacionados à ocorrência de quedas. Por isso, a importância de novos estudos envolvendo os fatores intrínsecos para futuras prevenções de quedas nos idosos. Além disso, foi possível verificar, com as curvas de sobrevida de Kaplan Méier, o risco elevado de morte nos idosos que sofreram queda ou com idade avançada, principalmente para o sexo feminino. / The objective of this study was to analyze the intrinsic factors associated with risk of falls among the elderly living in São Paulo in 2000. For this purpose we used the data on the elderly population in the study SABE ( Health, Welfare and Ageing)- Brazil obtained the elderly living in the urban area of São Paulo in 2000. We used multivariate analysis, which allowed for an analytical data, considering the behavior itself and in the presence of others. The intersections of these variables with the fall were performed separately by sex and age using the weighted sample and the test of association Rao-Scott. To identify the risk of death for the variables age, sex and fall-was used survival analysis and survival curves of Kaplan Meier. With this research it was found that the more a person is long-lived, the greater the number of intrinsic factors related to falls. Hence the importance of new studies involving the intrinsic factors for future preventions of falls in the elderly. Moreover, it was possible to verify, with the survival curves of Kaplan Meier, the increased risk of death in elderly people suffered falls or with advanced age, especially for females.

O objetivo geral desse trabalho foi o de analisar os fatores intrínsecos associados ao risco de quedas entre os idosos residentes no Município de São Paulo no ano de 2000. Para alcançar tal objetivo foram utilizados os dados referentes à população idosa do Estudo SABE (Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento) Brasil, obtidos junto aos idosos residentes na zona urbana do Município de São Paulo, no ano de 2000. Utilizou-se a análise multivariada, o que permitiu uma abordagem analítica dos dados, considerando-se o comportamento per si e na presença das demais variáveis estudadas. Os cruzamentos dessas variáveis com a queda foram realizados separadamente, por sexo e idade, utilizando-se a ponderação amostral e o teste de associação de Rao Scott. Para identificar o risco de morte para as variáveis idade, sexo e queda, foram utilizadas a análise de sobrevida e as curvas de sobrevida de Kaplan Meier. Com essa pesquisa, concluiu-se que quanto mais longeva for a pessoa, maior o número de fatores intrínsecos relacionados à ocorrência de quedas. Por isso, a importância de novos estudos envolvendo os fatores intrínsecos para futuras prevenções de quedas nos idosos. Além disso, foi possível verificar, com as curvas de sobrevida de Kaplan Méier, o risco elevado de morte nos idosos que sofreram queda ou com idade avançada, principalmente para o sexo feminino. / The objective of this study was to analyze the intrinsic factors associated with risk of falls among the elderly living in São Paulo in 2000. For this purpose we used the data on the elderly population in the study SABE ( Health, Welfare and Ageing)- Brazil obtained the elderly living in the urban area of São Paulo in 2000. We used multivariate analysis, which allowed for an analytical data, considering the behavior itself and in the presence of others. The intersections of these variables with the fall were performed separately by sex and age using the weighted sample and the test of association Rao-Scott. To identify the risk of death for the variables age, sex and fall-was used survival analysis and survival curves of Kaplan Meier. With this research it was found that the more a person is long-lived, the greater the number of intrinsic factors related to falls. Hence the importance of new studies involving the intrinsic factors for future preventions of falls in the elderly. Moreover, it was possible to verify, with the survival curves of Kaplan Meier, the increased risk of death in elderly people suffered falls or with advanced age, especially for females.

Magister Commercii - MCom / Job Satisfaction and the Intention to Quit are two factors that a synonymous with each other. Various research and studies have been conducted over the years indicting that there is a direct relationship between job satisfaction and intention to quit, suggesting that these factors often result in employees with low levels of job satisfaction resigning from the organisations they are employed at. Therefore the objective of this study was to examine those factors that affect job satisfaction and the intention to quit amongst employees at a small to medium auditing firm in South Africa. Demographic factors such as age, gender, marital status, tenure (length of service), number of dependents and qualification was used to establish the impact it had on employee's job satisfaction levels and their intention to quit. The study was conducted using a quantitative, non-probability, convenience sampling method. The sample group consisted of all permanent employees (N = 350) of an auditing firm with nine (9) offices across South Africa. The one hundred and fifteen (115) participants who voluntarily completed the questionnaires were made up of the CEO, Directors, Managers and employees within the Audit and Assurance, Accounting, Internal Auditing, Consulting and Group Services spectrum. They were required to complete an online biographical questionnaire (BQ), the Work Satisfaction and Motivation Questionnaire (WMQ) as well as the Michigan Organisational Assessment Questionnaire – Intention to Quit (ITQ), was used in order to gather relevant data for the study. Participants were informed that their participation was voluntary, anonymous and strictly confidential. All participants were informed of the purpose of the study and all ethical issues were clarified. Data was analysed by making use of the following data analysis techniques: descriptive, inferential, the Pearson product–moment correlation coefficient and ANOVA statistics. The results indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between job satisfaction and intention to quit amongst the sample of the auditing firms employees. There was also a significant relationship between pay and job satisfaction with a converse relationship between pay and intention to quit. Furthermore, the findings of the current study indicated that when taking into consideration the significant relationship between job satisfaction and intention to quit in relation to various biographic factors, there was no significant difference between different age groups, male or female, number of children (dependents) an employee had, their marital status or the qualifications that they held.However, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference between length of services and job satisfaction, but that there was a significant difference when taking into account the impact length of service had on the intention to quit. Recommendations were made and limitations for future research discussed in order to provide insight to the organisation stemming from the current study.

Master of Science / Food Science Institute / Elizabeth Boyle / Intrinsic factors impact Listeria monocytogenes growth in ready-to-eat poultry products. Sliced deli turkey was formulated with in-going concentrations of 1.5% NaCl or 0.75% NaCl/0.75% KCl, 0 ppm or 200 ppm NaNO[subscript]2, and using 10% or 45% pump for a total of 8 treatments. Turkey roasts were sliced and inoculated with a 5-strain L. monocytogenes cocktail or peptone water (control), vacuum packaged, and stored at 4[degree]C. Treatments were sampled on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 63, and 91 of storage to determine L. monocytogenes mean log growth and aerobic plate count (APC). The pH, water activity, residual nitrite concentration, and percent fat, moisture, protein, and sodium were measured using control treatments on each sampling day. There was a nitrite by day and a percent pump by day interaction (P<0.05) for L. monocytogenes and APC populations. Listeria monocytogenes populations in treatments containing 200 ppm NaNO[subscript]2 were 0.70 to 2.39 log CFU/cm[superscript]2 lower compared with products formulated with 0 ppm NaNO[subscript]2. Using 10% pump reduced L. monocytogenes populations by 0.62 to 1.50 log CFU/cm[superscript]2 on days 7 to 28 and at day 63 compared with 45% pump treatments. Incorporating 1.5% NaCl or 0.75% NaCl/0.75% KCl into formulations did not affect (P>0.05) L. monocytogenes populations during storage. On days 7 through 91, APC populations were 0.76 to 2.96 log CFU/cm[superscript]2 lower with inclusion of 200 ppm NaNO[subscript]2 compared to 0 ppm NaNO[subscript]2. There was a treatment by day interaction (P<0.05) for L. monocytogenes populations and APC. The initial inoculum level of L. monocytogenes averaged 2.21 log CFU/cm[superscript]2 and was similar (P>0.05) for all treatments on day 0. Listeria monocytogenes populations increased (P<0.05) from day 0 to 14 by 1.30 to 5.04 log CFU/cm[superscript]2. Overall, L. monocytogenes populations increased during storage and by day 91 L. monocytogenes populations were similar regardless of NaNO[subscript]2 level used except for treatments formulated with 0.75% NaCl/0.75% KCl and 10% pump. Listeria monocytogenes and APC populations were influenced by nitrite concentration and percent pump, while inclusion of NaCl or NaCl/KCl did not affect L. monocytogenes growth during refrigerated storage in vacuum packed sliced deli turkey.

The present thesis exploits a concept that lays in the core of human capital, employee satisfaction, under the context of a proactive organizational change. The prior literature depicts organizational change as a strategy applied to increase the efficiency of the company and its relevance to the market involved. The unique element of the matter is that proactive reorganizations are a product of a structural practice initiated by an entity’s human resources department. The department operates under a standardized model of change, which focuses on addressing the technical discrepancies that may occur in the human capital. Mainly analyzed from a company’s perspective, its influence on the employees involved in the change is often been neglected. The thesis was conducted in an effort to assess the need for a change in the current model in order to better address employee’s needs. To achieve that a sample of 100 Intel employees was used to uncover the state of the employees’ job satisfaction after an organizational change has been taken place. Results of the analysis exhibited above average overall satisfaction scores. The areas that employees seem to be the least satisfied were that of job security and company’s policies. Moreover, the elements of culture and the type of reorganization have also seemed to influence the overall satisfaction scores. Upon viewing the results the authors concluded that a need does exist, for a more interpersonal human resource approach to be incorporated within the current reorganizational model of an entity.

The aim of this study was to establish the factors associated with sports injuries among first division Rwandan female soccer players. Conclusion: Advocacy about the safety and improvement of Rwandan female soccer through workshops and trainings involving players, coaches and team owners need to be emphasised.

The aim of this study was to establish the factors associated with sports injuries among first division Rwandan female soccer players. Conclusion: Advocacy about the safety and improvement of Rwandan female soccer through workshops and trainings involving players, coaches and team owners need to be emphasised.

Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio) / The aim of this study was to establish the factors associated with sports injuries among first division Rwandan female soccer players. Conclusion: Advocacy about the safety and improvement of Rwandan female soccer through workshops and trainings involving players, coaches and team owners need to be emphasised. / South Africa

Teachers are motivated by different factors to choose teaching, including mathematics education as a career. Before 1994 career guidance was not often used to inform career choice, especially in the rural schools of South Africa. During that period, a shortage of mathematics teachers was prevalent. After 2007, the government introduced the Funza Lushaka Bursary to recruit mathematics teachers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that influence teachers to choose mathematics education as a career. An explanatory sequential mixed methods approach was utilised to collect quantitative data through a survey and then qualitative data through interviews. To achieve this, this study was framed by a pragmatic paradigm. Two theoretical lenses, the existence, relatedness and growth (ERG) theory and Factors Influencing Teaching Choice framework (FIT-CF), were blended to guide the study and to address the research question, “Why do teachers choose mathematics education as a career?” Convenient sampling was used to select participants (n=57) for the survey, from whom 9 participants were later interviewed using stratified random sampling. The sample was constituted by three cohorts of mathematics teachers who started teaching on or before 1994; after 1994 to 2007; and after 2007. The conclusions drawn from the small sample were that teachers were mainly influenced by altruistic factors, followed by intrinsic factors. In addition, female teachers were influenced more by altruistic and intrinsic factors than their male counterparts. Variation in terms of the influence of altruistic, extrinsic and past events factors across the three cohorts was revealed. Generally, altruistic factors were the most influential factors across the three cohorts. Understanding the factors that influenced the teachers to choose mathematics education as a career could provide insight on how recruitment, retention and effectiveness of mathematics teachers could be optimised in South Africa. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / MEd / Unrestricted

Introduction: School-based occupational therapists aim to enable students to participate to their full potential. Participation impacts students’ socio-emotional well-being and academic achievement. Aim: This study explored elementary teachers’ perspectives on student participation where the teachers are part of a professional learning community working in a hub model and investigated how their perspectives align with occupational therapy models. Method: A qualitative research design utilizing thematic analysis and a deductive approach was chosen. Elementary school teachers completed an anonymous survey with open-ended questions. Findings: Three themes impacting student participation were identified: students' intrinsic factors, environmental/extrinsic factors, and teachers' skills and abilities enabling participation. Conclusions: In line with the Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance model and the family-Participation-Related-Constructs, teachers identified intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting participation. While focusing on structured activities, the importance of unstructured activities and social participation were missing. Teachers identified the Professional-Learning-Community and hub-model as having a potential to enable participation but requiring good collaboration and trust between teachers.  Significance: This study supports revisiting the Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance model to include Participation. Understanding teachers’ perspectives on participation promotes collaboration between occupational therapists and teachers. However, more research is needed to identify tools for measuring and evaluating students ‘occupational participation as well as gathering students’ perspectives.