A Internet consolidou as redes IP como uma infra-estrutura de transporte de dados barata e versátil, fato que justifica o crescente interesse nela como infraestrutura de transporte para outros serviços, como telefonia e TV. Esta convergência de serviços tem base no amadurecimento das tecnologias de redes de transmissão de dados, que proporcionou o aumento da velocidade de conexão residencial, tornando cada vez mais viável o uso de aplicações multimídia, inclusive em tempo real. Desta demanda de serviços convergentes, nasceu a digitalização da TV e, posteriormente, a possibilidade de transmissão pelas redes IP, conhecida como IPTV. Este trabalho analisa o cenário atual de IPTV para distribuição de conteúdo multimídia em redes de acesso privadas. Parte-se da necessidade de mecanismos de segurança para distribuição e controle do consumo das mídias digitais no sistema. O trabalho analisa, portanto, mecanismos para descrição inequívoca dos direitos que os usuários têm sobre o conteúdo adquirido, bem como a utilização de tecnologias para a transmissão do conteúdo de forma segura. O trabalho visa contribuir para a comunidade científica a partir da utilização de padrões abertos na especificação de um elemento de distribuição de vídeo em uma plataforma IPTV. Este elemento se baseia em políticas de uso da linguagem de expressão de direitos do MPEG-21 para reforçar os direitos de autoria e distribuição do conteúdo durante seu manuseio em toda a cadeia de negócios. / Internet consolidated IP networks as a versatile and accessible data transport infrastructure, thus justifying the growing interest on it as a transport network for several services, such as telephony and TV. The convergence leverages on the maturity of network technologies, responsible for the increasing availability of bandwidth for residential access, making the use of multimedia applications, including interactive ones, possible. From the demand for convergence, Digital TV has born, and later on, its transmission through IP networks, know as IPTV. This work analyzes current IPTV scenario for multimedia content distribution in the scope of private networks. It is based on the need for security mechanisms for digital content delivering and control of consumption in the system. Therefore it analyzes mechanisms for rights description, as well as security transmission of content. This work\'s contribution stems from the reutilization of open standards in the specification of a distribution broker in the IPTV environment. Such broker is based on the MPEG-21 digital rights description to enforce copyright of digital content during handling in the entire value chain.

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Informática e Computação. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2010

<p>With the standardization of IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), the telecommunications scene becomes more and more converged and in the future we will most likely access our services from all kinds of devices and link them together. One important future access method that has so far been left out of the standardization is television. There is a need for Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) to work together with IMS and this thesis focuses on one aspect of that convergence, namely charging.</p><p>The problem explored in this thesis is if there is an efficient way of charging for IPTV services while taking advantage of the IMS charging functionality and this is done for two aspects of the problem. First, the possiblilty of an efficient Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) signaling schema is investigated and then a good charging Application Programming Interface (API) to be used when developing applications is investigated. The findings of these two investigations are then tested and improved during the implementation of a demo application.</p><p>This thesis delivers specifications for a signaling schema that enables a Set-Top Box (STB) to pass charging information to an IMS network via INFO requests inside a special charging session. The schema is small and extendable to ensure that it can be modified further on if necessary. The thesis also delivers an encapsulating and intuitive charging API to be used by developers who want to charge for their services.</p>

<p>IPTV är en företeelse som under de senaste åren har tagit fart i sin utveckling och beräknas fortsätta växa i popularitet i framtiden. Genom en sammanslagning av olika branscher med olika tekniker har detta, fortfarande mycket nya, område bildats och fortfarande pågår en konvergens av de inblandade teknikerna. IP och TV tillsammans öppnar möjligheterna för att skapa avancerade tjänster som erbjuder kunder full interaktion via sin fjärrkontroll. I dagsläget erbjuder operatörer tjänster som Video-on-Demand och TV à la carte, där kundens behov och krav sätts i centrum genom att det tidigare fasta kanalutbudet förändras för att användas i en maximalt flexibel miljö. I framtiden spås även att utbudet av tjänster som erbjuder större interaktivitet att växa och bildar tillsammans med IP-telefoni och Internet en möjlighet för operatörer att erbjuda tre sammanslagna tjänster i ett paket, kallat Triple Play.</p><p>Med ny teknik uppstår frågor kring säkerhet och hotbilder och hur arbetet med detta kan komma att bedrivas. I fallet med IPTV handlar det dessutom om en sammanslagning av flera existerande tekniker till en ny, vilket ger upphov till möjligheten att hotbilder ärvs från de tidigare miljöerna till den nya. På Internet har säkerheten under en lång tid varit ett hett diskussionsämne och är ständigt en aktuell fråga för alla inblandade. Då IPTV baseras på bredbandsteknik och tjänster kan skapas utifrån samma förutsättningar som på Internet, ökar detta också kraven på att säkerhetstänkandet ärvs likaså. Ett relaterat område som i nuläget får ständig uppmärksamhet angående dess säkerhet är IP-telefoni vilket ytterligare grundar funderingarna kring IPTV och säkerhet.</p><p>Inriktningen på vår studie har inledningsvis varit att utreda begreppet IPTV och dess relationer till liknande företeelser, vilket sedan utmynnat i en undersökning kring hotbilder inom IPTV, vilket har bedrivits utifrån fyra identifierade säkerhetsfaktorer. Övergripande riktlinjer har sedan skapats för att ge exempel på hur säkerhetsarbete inom IPTV kan bedrivas. Inom tjänsteområdet märks vikten av att kunna skapa säkra leveranssätt för tjänsterna och dess innehåll. Detta gör också att tjänster är beroende av en tillräckligt god infrastruktur. Vidare lyfts tekniska standarder fram som något viktigt inför framtida utveckling av IPTV. För användare är kundsupporten en viktig faktor för att skapa acceptans och upplevelsekvalitet. Ekonomiska dilemman, med konkurrensen som en av de viktigaste punkterna, involverar bland annat ökade satsningar inom tjänsteutbud och att kunden ska stå i centrum.</p>

Multimedia applications over the Internet and Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) gain a lot of attention. IPTV has a number of service requirements such as / high bandwidth, scalability, minimum delay, jitter and channel switch time. IP multicast, IMS (IP Multimedia System) Protocol and peer-to-peer approaches are proposed for implementing IPTV. However, IP multicast requires all the routers in the core network to possess multicast capability, IMS does not easily scale and P2P cannot eciently utilize the network resources because of its completely distributed nature. To this end, we propose new application layer multicast protocol Cluster Based Application Layer Multicast IPTV (CALMTV) which combines application layer multicast, scalable video coding and probing techniques to meet IPTV requirements. We present the components and their relevant algorithms and evaluate the performance of CALMTV with ns2 simulations. Our results compared with the published results of other IPTV architectures show that CALMTV has better performance in end-to-end delay and zapping time.

A set top box is an embedded device, much like a computer with limited capabilities. Its main purpose is to decode a video signal and output it to a TV. The set top box market is constantly growing and to be competitive in it, a set top box has to be able to do more than only TV. One way to make an attractive product is to give it an appealing user interface. This thesis is a part of a larger work at the company to find new ways to create graphical user interfaces. Its goal is to investigate what SVG implementations that exits, which one that is most suitable for an integration attempt and then perform the integration. Several SVG engines were investigated and one provided by the company was selected for integration. Three ways to integrate the SVG engine were identified. One of these alternatives was to extend the callback interface be- tween the engine and the underlying platform. Because of the good fit with the current architecture this alternative was chosen and implemented. As a part of this investigation a demo application suite of SVG content was also constructed. This investigation resulted in a working integration of the chosen SVG engine on the platform. It has also showed that SVG is a suitable language to build graphical user interfaces on set top boxes.

Internet protocol TV (IPTV) is predicted to be the key technology winner in the future. Efforts to accelerate the deployment of IPTV centralized model which is combined of VHO, encoders, controller, access network and Home network. Regardless of whether the network is delivering live TV, VOD, or Time-shift TV, all content and network traffic resulting from subscriber requests must traverse the entire network from the super-headend all the way to each subscriber's Set-Top Box (STB).IPTV services require very stringent QoS guarantees When IPTV traffic shares the network resources with other traffic like data and voice, how to ensure their QoS and efficiently utilize the network resources is a key and challenging issue. For QoS measured in the network-centric terms of delay jitter, packet losses and bounds on delay. The main focus of this thesis is on the optimized bandwidth allocation and smooth datatransmission. The proposed traffic model for smooth delivering video service IPTV network with its QoS performance evaluation. According to Maglaris et al [5] First, analyze the coding bit rate of a single video source. Various statistical quantities are derived from bit rate data collected with a conditional replenishment inter frame coding scheme. Two correlated Markov process models (one in discrete time and one incontinuous time) are shown to fit the experimental data and are used to model the input rates of several independent sources into a statistical multiplexer. Preventive control mechanism which is to be include CAC, traffic policing used for traffic control.QoS has been evaluated of common bandwidth scheduler( FIFO) by use fluid models with Markovian queuing method and analysis the result by using simulator andanalytically, Which is measured the performance of the packet loss, overflow and mean waiting time among the network users.

Internet protocol TV (IPTV) is predicted to be the key technology winner in the future. Efforts to accelerate the deployment of IPTV centralized model which is combined of VHO, encoders, controller, access network and Home network. Regardless of whether the network is delivering live TV, VOD, or Time-shift TV, all content and network traffic resulting from subscriber requests must traverse the entire network from the super-headend all the way to each subscriber's Set-Top Box (STB). IPTV services require very stringent QoS guarantees When IPTV traffic shares the network resources with other traffic like data and voice, how to ensure their QoS and efficiently utilize the network resources is a key and challenging issue. For QoS measured in the network-centric terms of delay jitter, packet losses and bounds on delay. The main focus of this thesis is on the optimized bandwidth allocation and smooth data transmission. The proposed traffic model for smooth delivering video service IPTV network with its QoS performance evaluation. According to Maglaris et al [5] first, analyze the coding bit rate of a single video source. Various statistical quantities are derived from bit rate data collected with a conditional replenishment inter frame coding scheme. Two correlated Markov process models (one in discrete time and one in continuous time) are shown to fit the experimental data and are used to model the input rates of several independent sources into a statistical multiplexer. Preventive control mechanism which is to be including CAC, traffic policing used for traffic control. QoS has been evaluated of common bandwidth scheduler( FIFO) by use fluid models with Markovian queuing method and analysis the result by using simulator and analytically, Which is measured the performance of the packet loss, overflow and mean waiting time among the network users.

IPTV är en företeelse som under de senaste åren har tagit fart i sin utveckling och beräknas fortsätta växa i popularitet i framtiden. Genom en sammanslagning av olika branscher med olika tekniker har detta, fortfarande mycket nya, område bildats och fortfarande pågår en konvergens av de inblandade teknikerna. IP och TV tillsammans öppnar möjligheterna för att skapa avancerade tjänster som erbjuder kunder full interaktion via sin fjärrkontroll. I dagsläget erbjuder operatörer tjänster som Video-on-Demand och TV à la carte, där kundens behov och krav sätts i centrum genom att det tidigare fasta kanalutbudet förändras för att användas i en maximalt flexibel miljö. I framtiden spås även att utbudet av tjänster som erbjuder större interaktivitet att växa och bildar tillsammans med IP-telefoni och Internet en möjlighet för operatörer att erbjuda tre sammanslagna tjänster i ett paket, kallat Triple Play. Med ny teknik uppstår frågor kring säkerhet och hotbilder och hur arbetet med detta kan komma att bedrivas. I fallet med IPTV handlar det dessutom om en sammanslagning av flera existerande tekniker till en ny, vilket ger upphov till möjligheten att hotbilder ärvs från de tidigare miljöerna till den nya. På Internet har säkerheten under en lång tid varit ett hett diskussionsämne och är ständigt en aktuell fråga för alla inblandade. Då IPTV baseras på bredbandsteknik och tjänster kan skapas utifrån samma förutsättningar som på Internet, ökar detta också kraven på att säkerhetstänkandet ärvs likaså. Ett relaterat område som i nuläget får ständig uppmärksamhet angående dess säkerhet är IP-telefoni vilket ytterligare grundar funderingarna kring IPTV och säkerhet. Inriktningen på vår studie har inledningsvis varit att utreda begreppet IPTV och dess relationer till liknande företeelser, vilket sedan utmynnat i en undersökning kring hotbilder inom IPTV, vilket har bedrivits utifrån fyra identifierade säkerhetsfaktorer. Övergripande riktlinjer har sedan skapats för att ge exempel på hur säkerhetsarbete inom IPTV kan bedrivas. Inom tjänsteområdet märks vikten av att kunna skapa säkra leveranssätt för tjänsterna och dess innehåll. Detta gör också att tjänster är beroende av en tillräckligt god infrastruktur. Vidare lyfts tekniska standarder fram som något viktigt inför framtida utveckling av IPTV. För användare är kundsupporten en viktig faktor för att skapa acceptans och upplevelsekvalitet. Ekonomiska dilemman, med konkurrensen som en av de viktigaste punkterna, involverar bland annat ökade satsningar inom tjänsteutbud och att kunden ska stå i centrum.

Recently, there has been a global trend among the telecommunication industry on the rapid deployment of IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) infrastructure and services. While the industry rushes into the IPTV era, the comprehensive understanding of the status and dynamics of IPTV network lags behind. Filling this gap requires in-depth analysis of large amounts of measurement data across the IPTV network. One type of the data of particular interest is device or system log, which has not been systematically studied before. In this dissertation, we will explore the possibility of utilizing system logs to serve a wide range of IPTV network management purposes including health monitoring, troubleshooting and performance evaluation, etc. In particular, we develop a tool to convert raw router syslogs to meaningful network events. In addition, by analyzing set-top box (STB) logs, we propose a series of models to capture both channel popularity and dynamics, and users' activity on the IPTV network.