This thesis looks at the communal identity within particular Hidden Christian groups in the Nagasaki prefecture, specifically in Ikitsuki and the Goto Islands. Identity within these particular groups can seem multivalent to the ‘outsider’, especially when religious rituals and practices are examined, where Christian, Buddhist, and Shinto elements can be found, and an altogether new religious identity formed. This amalgamation of multiple religious identities is not uncommon within the context of Japan, but the fact that they have incorporated Christianity, typically thought of as an exclusivist religion, has made Hidden Christians stand out. For them, however, their religious identity is simply an extension of ancestral filial piety through the preservation of their religious practices. In the case of Hidden Christians in Japan, the function of identity has been of key importance, not only for its role in establishing who they were, but also in maintaining their communal integrity under centuries of ‘hidden’ existence from the early 17th century to today. Identity, it seems, has been the unifying factor keeping the Hidden Christian communities of Goto and Ikitsuki together, and its recent deterioration, or transformation, has led to some of these groups deciding to disband. It is important, therefore, to look into possible reasons behind this apparent development within the communal identity of these particular groups of Hidden Christians. To do this, however, this thesis will go beyond the issues of religious identity, and also look at the ways modernity and an increasing globalisation have influenced the communal identity of these remote groups, affecting the education, economy, and communal framework that have kept these groups together for centuries. For those who have disbanded or are deciding to disband, this study examines the ways in which these groups are dealing with the filial piety associated with keeping both the traditions and rituals of the Hidden Christians alive, and how it affects their communal identity as a whole.

Esta dissertação abordará a temática da religião no contexto da globalização analisando-se o processo de implantação e localização de dois sistemas de difusão da Igreja Messiânica Mundial no Brasil, pois a revisão da literatura acerca da IMM mostra que, nos estudos publicados em língua portuguesa, existe uma lacuna no que diz respeito à analise do seu desenvolvimento no contexto da globalização/mundialização. A abordagem será feita com base na teoria da mundialização, por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas, documentais, entrevistas e observação participante. As perguntas que conduzem o desenvolvimento da pesquisa são: 1) a mundialização remodelou a situação na qual a particularidade chamada Igreja Messiânica Mundial (IMM) se encontrava?; 2) Se sim, que forma tomou esta remodelação?; 3) A partir da perspectiva de que o mundo se globalizou e de que existem conteúdos que se desprendem de seus locais e tradições de origem, para se reassentarem, ou melhor, se reterritorializarem no local chamado mundo, é possível afirmar que a Igreja Messiânica Mundial, de fato, é mundializada? Concluiu-se que a mundialização remodelou a Igreja Messiânica Mundial do Brasil, obrigando-a a desenvolver e implantar um novo sistema de difusão que estivesse mais adequado à realidade do mundo globalizado. Constatou-se, porém, que, enquanto instituição, a IMM ainda não concluiu seu processo de mundialização, mas caminha em direção a ele. / The present dissertation will approach the religion theme in the context of globalization by studying the implantation and localization processes of two dissemination systems applied by the Church of World Messianity as a reexamination of texts regarding the CWM indicates that in studies published in Portuguese, there is a gap concerning the analysis of its development in the globalization/mundialization context. The approach will be based on the mundialization theory through bibliographic and document research, interviews and participating observation. The questions that lead the research development are: 1) has mundialization remodelled the situation in which the Church of World Messianity (CWM) was placed?; 2) If it has, which shape has remodelling taken?; 3) From the perspective that the world has become globalized and that there are contents that detach themselves from their places and original tradition in order to resettle themselves, that is, to reterritorialize themselves in a place called world, is it possible to state that the Church of World Messianity has, indeed, become mondialized? The conclusion is that mundialization has remodeled the Church of World Messianity of Brazil and made it develop and establish a new system of dissemination that would be more adequate to the globalized world reality. Nevertheless, it had been seen that as long as an institution the CWM has not finished its mundialization process yet, however it is directing itself to that direction.

Esta dissertação abordará a temática da religião no contexto da globalização analisando-se o processo de implantação e localização de dois sistemas de difusão da Igreja Messiânica Mundial no Brasil, pois a revisão da literatura acerca da IMM mostra que, nos estudos publicados em língua portuguesa, existe uma lacuna no que diz respeito à analise do seu desenvolvimento no contexto da globalização/mundialização. A abordagem será feita com base na teoria da mundialização, por meio de pesquisas bibliográficas, documentais, entrevistas e observação participante. As perguntas que conduzem o desenvolvimento da pesquisa são: 1) a mundialização remodelou a situação na qual a particularidade chamada Igreja Messiânica Mundial (IMM) se encontrava?; 2) Se sim, que forma tomou esta remodelação?; 3) A partir da perspectiva de que o mundo se globalizou e de que existem conteúdos que se desprendem de seus locais e tradições de origem, para se reassentarem, ou melhor, se reterritorializarem no local chamado mundo, é possível afirmar que a Igreja Messiânica Mundial, de fato, é mundializada? Concluiu-se que a mundialização remodelou a Igreja Messiânica Mundial do Brasil, obrigando-a a desenvolver e implantar um novo sistema de difusão que estivesse mais adequado à realidade do mundo globalizado. Constatou-se, porém, que, enquanto instituição, a IMM ainda não concluiu seu processo de mundialização, mas caminha em direção a ele. / The present dissertation will approach the religion theme in the context of globalization by studying the implantation and localization processes of two dissemination systems applied by the Church of World Messianity as a reexamination of texts regarding the CWM indicates that in studies published in Portuguese, there is a gap concerning the analysis of its development in the globalization/mundialization context. The approach will be based on the mundialization theory through bibliographic and document research, interviews and participating observation. The questions that lead the research development are: 1) has mundialization remodelled the situation in which the Church of World Messianity (CWM) was placed?; 2) If it has, which shape has remodelling taken?; 3) From the perspective that the world has become globalized and that there are contents that detach themselves from their places and original tradition in order to resettle themselves, that is, to reterritorialize themselves in a place called world, is it possible to state that the Church of World Messianity has, indeed, become mondialized? The conclusion is that mundialization has remodeled the Church of World Messianity of Brazil and made it develop and establish a new system of dissemination that would be more adequate to the globalized world reality. Nevertheless, it had been seen that as long as an institution the CWM has not finished its mundialization process yet, however it is directing itself to that direction.

Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Marilda Aparecida de Menezes / Coorientadora: Profª. Drª. Adriana Capuano de Oliveira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Santo André, 2018. / Esta pesquisa trata do Shokonsai, um rito de culto aos ancestrais realizado no município de Álvares Machado, há 99 anos, em um cemitério étnico de nikkei. Além das peculiaridades do local e da longevidade do evento, um fator climático também é mobilizado no discurso do público: nos registros e nas narrativas orais, jamais choveu ao longo do dia e, durante o espetáculo de acendimento de velas, os ventos cessam de soprar e somente retornam após a última apagar-se naturalmente. Por meio de obervação participante, pretendo dar conta da descrição e análise das práticas dos interlocutores que articulam fenômenos climáticos à vontade dos mortos. Essa prática ritualística levanta questões identitário-étnicas, que se conectam a processos históricos nacionais japoneses e brasileiros, de modo que se faz necessário também compreender como os discursos de pertencimento étnico contemporâneos mobilizam elementos raciais e culturais de cada contexto. / This research approaches the Shokonsai, an ancestor worship rite performed in Álvares Machado since 1918, in an ethnic Nikkei cemetery. In addition to the peculiarities of the place and the longevity of the event, a climate factor is also mobilized in the public discourse: according to the records and oral narratives, it never rained during the day, and during the candlelight show the winds have ceased to blow and have only returned after the last candle is put out naturally. Through participant observation, I intend to describe and analyze the practices of the interlocutors who articulate climate phenomena to the will of the dead. This ritual practice raises some ethnic and identity issues, which necessarily connect to Japanese and Brazilian national historical processes. In that sense, it is also necessary to understand how contemporary discourses about ethnic belonging mobilize racial and cultural elements of each context.

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