This is a deductive study testing Hudson’s (2006; 2003) theory of social justice and, specifically, her delineation of three restorative justice principles (discursiveness, reflectiveness and relationalism) in order to explore how the principles might respond to the justice needs of women who have experienced abuse and violence by male intimate partners. Through in-depth and critically informed one-on-one interviews with twelve women who have experienced intimate partner violence in former relationships, it asks how abused women conceptualize justice and how justice might be done through restorative justice principles. The women offer social conceptualizations of justice and of doing justice that reconfigure the principles of restorative justice to prioritize protective solutions, and they locate them in domains outside of criminal justice where the complexities and dynamics of intimate partner violence are well understood and they demonstrate openness to support abused women. Their feedback about restorative justice principles suggests configurations in social service domains such as help lines, crisis centres, and shelters and, more broadly through policies enabling social responsibility in domains such as workplaces, media, and social media where there is the potential to create collaborations and protective solutions. Despite frustrations with the criminal justice system for its inability to provide long term protective solutions, given its ability to help some women in the short term, the women were not willing to jettison it.

Restorative Justice (RJ) is an approach to justice which most often centres around creating a shared dialogue between stakeholders in a given offence. It is often contrasted with traditional criminal justice due to its focus on the personal involvement of those who have been directly impacted by the harm. Popular models of RJ include various types of mediation, conferencing, and circles, each with a slightly different approach toward reaching a settlement between stakeholders. Some of the main goals of RJ highlighted in the criminological literature include healing, reparation, and community-building. However, because of its nature as a diverse and contested subject over the past several decades, there are numerous understandings of RJ. Due to this frequent difficulty in defining and understanding RJ, this thesis attempts to provide some grounding on the subject through the document analysis of four Canadian RJ programs. RJ program documentation was analyzed in order to discover how these programs portray their “services” to the public. Results showed that many of the most prominent themes in the programs were also present in the literature. However, a more important facet of the discussion emerged with further analysis. Using a perspective of governmentalist versus communitarian RJ, the programs were compared to discover that the way in which a program presents itself in online documentation surely does not always encapsulate its core nature in terms of judicial, legal, and correctional involvement. Simply put, a verbal commitment to distancing oneself from the ways of the traditional criminal justice system does not necessarily signify a lack of involvement as it would suggest.

Theoretical and Legal Analysis of Lay Element in Judiciary Abstract This work is dealing with the lay element in judiciary. The main emphasis in laid on the institute of lay judges in the Czech legal order. The main goal of the work is to answer the questions whether the lay element in judiciary is still a democratizing component, further if there are fulfilled enough the constitutional conditions of an independent, impartial and statutory judge principle in case of lay judges, whether the democratic or the expert legitimacy may prevail and at last, if the lay element should be preserved in the Czech legal order. In the first chapter, there is described a historical development of the lay element in judiciary. In modern times, it has appeared firstly in the form of jury courts in the Czech lands, more precisely in the Austrian monarchy, after the revolutionary year 1848. Its functioning is illustrated on two famous cases, which were the process with K. H. Borovský and with Leopold Hilsner. On the one hand, these cases show the advantage of participation of lay people into judiciary, as it can serve as correction of the state's despotism. On the other hand, there should come to wrong decisions in the consequence of an easy suggestibility of the public. At the age of the so called First Czechoslovak Republic,...

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The Green New Deal has gained international significance as the only prominent climate legislation in the United States. The Green New Deal has also become emblematic of a larger movement for climate justice; however, further analysis of the Green New Deal and its assumptions indicates that it falls short of enacting meaningful justice for those most effected by climate change, but least responsible for causing it. This shortcoming is due to the absence of calls to decolonize. Because of the large role U.S. militarism and imperialism play in contributing to the climate crisis, decolonization must be central to climate justice projects. Marx's concept of the metabolic rift and the phenomenon of humans' separation from nature through colonial acts of dispossession and enclosure of land plays an important role in thinking through the ways the Green New Deal recognizes this same phenomenon but fails to go deeper and recognize broader implications of the metabolic rift for continued U.S. imperialism. Additionally, the rocky legacy of the environmental justice movement raises questions as to whether working with the settler state can lead to meaningful justice. Though the Green New Deal is an operation of state recognition of the climate crisis as connected to other social inequalities, it does not overcome the settler state's reliance on racial capitalism and continued exploitation of people and the environment. A climate justice program that is in fact centered on decolonization and indigenous sovereignty is available and must be supported. / Master of Arts / The Green New Deal has gained international significance as the only prominent climate legislation in the United States. The Green New Deal has also become emblematic of a larger movement for climate justice; however, further analysis of the Green New Deal and its assumptions indicates that it falls short of enacting meaningful justice for those most effected by climate change, but least responsible for causing it. The project of the Green New Deal recognizes the phenomenon of humans' separation from nature and importantly seeks to connect environmental issues to social issues and assert environmental justice through state-led action. Because the Green New Deal fails to question the larger role of the U.S. military's involvement around the world and its pollution and wastefulness, it becomes complicit in the very forces that drive the climate crisis. A project of decolonization, which would involve ending U.S. military involvement at home and abroad and asserting indigenous nations' sovereignty, addresses many of the shortcomings of the Green New Deal.

Pretrial publicity is a problem that can affect the fair outcome of a trial, a right that is guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution. Research has indicated that potential jurors who are exposed to negative pretrial publicity are more likely to render 'guilty' verdicts (Ruva and McEvoy, 2008). The current study will entail an analysis of pretrial publicity and a case study of attitudes and beliefs surrounding the Casey Anthony trial. Participants included 309 undergraduates at the University of Central Florida. Results indicated that the majority of participants already hold negative biases and non-deliberate exposure influenced negative attitudes and beliefs.

Published Article / Social justice as a higher education project in South Africa has been a subject of intense debate mainly at institutional level, with considerable time and energy devoted to how such projects should take shape. There is, however, a need for a more profound understanding of how such an agenda plays itself out at classroom level. By engaging a self-study methodology, I argue for how the critical spaces that comprise a teacher education pedagogy curriculum can be effectively harnessed to foreground issues of social justice. I proceed to theorise an integrated social justice model for a pedagogy curriculum by demonstrating how the social justice teacher education pedagogue, a social justice pedagogy and a social justice troubling of disciplinary knowledge is likely to shape the social justice dispositions of the imagined student teacher.

Among positions hitherto held is the idea that religion when it comes to the matter of conflict, has been destructive contributor. However, in recent times, attention has been granted to the role of religion and religious peoples in conflict resolution and the process of making peace. As such, this research argues that, the Qur'ānic concept of 'adl ('justice') is a significant resource to the Qur'ānic concepts of salām ('peace') and ṣulḥ ('reconciliation'). Analysing Qur'ānic resources on 'adl, salām and ṣulḥ such as Q.2:30; 49:13; 16:89, 90 reveals a Qur'ānic conceptual interconnectedness between the Qur'ānic concepts of tawḥīd ('submission to the will of Allah'), hidāyah ('guidance'), salām, 'adl and ṣulḥ. This revelation is significant towards the commitment of Muslims to 'adl as the command to be just articulated in Q.16:90 is interpreted to mean lā ilāha illā 'llāh ('there is no god but Allah'), which also stands for tawḥīd, and tawḥīd, in turn, is said to lead to peace and reconciliation as expressed by salām and ṣulḥ. The above Qur'ānic conceptual interrelationships are revealed as a result of the Qur'ānic comparative methodology involving five Arabic exegetical works that the researcher has employed, to promote a better Qur'ānic understanding. The choice of this methodology was in response to the call for a better way of elucidating the text of the Qur'ān. The application of the above methodology is however limited to this research alone. The research reveals that even though Muslims may be committed to Qur'ānic commandments due to their divine origin, it remains to be seen how these doctrinal issues are put into practice. The research has contributed to the body of knowledge by discussing the significant role of religion, and religious text in organising a just society in general and, in particular, in promoting 'adl, salām and ṣulḥ in society.