<p>The current research is directed towards dissection of host genetic factors involved in host immune response and the malaria disease outcome. A possible association between FcγRIIa polymorphism and anti-malarial antibody (A.M.A) responses were investigated in Sudanese patients in relation to clinical outcome of falciparum malaria. The frequency of the R/R131 genotype was significantly higher in patients with severe malaria as compared with mild malaria. A.M.A IgG3 was shown to be associated with reduced risk of clinical malaria in individuals carrying the H/H131 genotype. Low levels of IgG2 reactive with the Pf332-C231 antigen were associated with lower risk of severe malaria in individuals carrying the H131 allele. </p><p>Fulani and Masaleit, two sympatric ethnic groups in Sudan, are characterized by marked differences in susceptibility to falciparum malaria. We investigated whether the two populations differ in the frequency of GM/KM allotypes. The distribution of GM/KM phenotypes differed significantly among the two groups, with Gm 6 being significantly lower among the Fulani, and the combined frequency of Km 1,3 and Gm 1,17 5,6,13,14 phenotypes was found to be higher among Masaleit.</p><p> In interethnic study we investigated whether the two groups differ in the frequency of FcγRIIa and HbAS genotypes. The frequency of the H/H131, R/R13 and HbAS genotypes differed significantly among the two groups. Moreover, the Fulani showed higher levels of A.M.A IgG2 and lower IgG1 and IgG3 when compared to their sympatric non-Fulani neighbours.</p><p>A tri-allelic SNP (C/T/A) in the CRP gene was investigated for possible ethnic associations. The A allele, which is associated with higher basal CRP levels, was found to be less frequent in the Fulani compared with non-Fulani ethnic groups both in Sudan and Mali. </p><p>In conclusion, our results suggest possible associations between FcγRIIa, CRP genotypes, GM/KM allotypes, and anti-malarial antibody responses and the clinical outcome of falciparum malaria.</p>

<p>This master's thesis deals with a frame-based knowledge representa- tion language and system called The Knowledge Machine (KM), de- veloped by Peter Clark and Bruce Porter at the University of Texas at Austin. The purpose of the thesis is to show a number of ways of changing and extending KM to handle larger classes of reasoning tasks associated with reasoning about actions and change.</p>

The current research is directed towards dissection of host genetic factors involved in host immune response and the malaria disease outcome. A possible association between FcγRIIa polymorphism and anti-malarial antibody (A.M.A) responses were investigated in Sudanese patients in relation to clinical outcome of falciparum malaria. The frequency of the R/R131 genotype was significantly higher in patients with severe malaria as compared with mild malaria. A.M.A IgG3 was shown to be associated with reduced risk of clinical malaria in individuals carrying the H/H131 genotype. Low levels of IgG2 reactive with the Pf332-C231 antigen were associated with lower risk of severe malaria in individuals carrying the H131 allele. Fulani and Masaleit, two sympatric ethnic groups in Sudan, are characterized by marked differences in susceptibility to falciparum malaria. We investigated whether the two populations differ in the frequency of GM/KM allotypes. The distribution of GM/KM phenotypes differed significantly among the two groups, with Gm 6 being significantly lower among the Fulani, and the combined frequency of Km 1,3 and Gm 1,17 5,6,13,14 phenotypes was found to be higher among Masaleit. In interethnic study we investigated whether the two groups differ in the frequency of FcγRIIa and HbAS genotypes. The frequency of the H/H131, R/R13 and HbAS genotypes differed significantly among the two groups. Moreover, the Fulani showed higher levels of A.M.A IgG2 and lower IgG1 and IgG3 when compared to their sympatric non-Fulani neighbours. A tri-allelic SNP (C/T/A) in the CRP gene was investigated for possible ethnic associations. The A allele, which is associated with higher basal CRP levels, was found to be less frequent in the Fulani compared with non-Fulani ethnic groups both in Sudan and Mali. In conclusion, our results suggest possible associations between FcγRIIa, CRP genotypes, GM/KM allotypes, and anti-malarial antibody responses and the clinical outcome of falciparum malaria.

We consider the problem of finding a common fixed point of an infinite family ${T_n}$ of nonlinear self-mappings of a closed convex subset $C$ of a real Hilbert space $H$. Namely, we want to find a point $x$ with the property (assuming such common fixed points exist): [ xin igcap_{n=1}^infty ext{Fix}(T_n). ] We will use the Krasnoselskii-Mann (KM) Type inertial iterative algorithms of the form $$ x_{n+1} = ((1-alpha_n)I+alpha_nT_n)y_n,quad y_n = x_n + eta_n(x_n-x_{n-1}).eqno(*)$$ We discuss the convergence properties of the sequence ${x_n}$ generated by this algorithm (*). In particular, we prove that ${x_n}$ converges weakly to a common fixed point of the family ${T_n}$ under certain conditions imposed on the sequences ${alpha_n}$ and ${eta_n}$.

In the era of knowledge-based economy, every enterprise invariably expects to maintain and develop its core competence and emphasize that the enterprise should become a knowledge organization based on knowledgement. Meanwhile, through the enterprise culture and the working out of inspiration system, the employees will be willing to share their experiences and knowledge with others. From this respect the personal knowledge will become team knowledge which will speed up the response of learning of innovation and solution of problems to cope with the rapid change of environment and to preserve the advantage of competitiveness. By means of knowledge management (KM) an enterprise can create and pile up efficiently the intelligence accumulation, which maintain the enterprise¡¦s value forever. Success belongs to the enterprise that is constantly innovating, promptly learning and creating the value with new knowledge. This is why an enterprise should regard KM as an important asset and direct it properly. No matter the collection, accumulation, use and innovation of knowledge, human is always the key factor to influence the effect. The first priority of KM is to face the problems of ¡§human¡¨ and ¡§culture change¡¨ To establish the culture of KM is that every member of the organization has to qualify oneself for concept and ability of KM. At the meantime the common behavior of performing KM should be shaped up as a habit to maintain constantly the learning, sharing, innovating and accumulating of knowledge. This study is aimed at the exploration of how to establish the culture of KM in CSC and hope to implement the following goals: 1. To find out and control the key factors of urging KM successfully through research papers, 2. To establish KM performance index which can be traced and evaluated and corresponded with enterprise demand, 3. To collect efficient means which can perform the organization reformation, 4. To confirm the establishment of the fundamental structure of KM, 5. To support other domestic enterprises with the achievements of KM culture made by our research. From the research papers this study explores the successful key factors and the performance indexes of KM. Via the practical application of the fundamental structure of KM in CSC, we reach the construction of KM culture through gathering the methods of organization reformation, the control of accomplishing of key factors and the carry out of estimation of KM performance.

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Application of Knowledge Management on Performance Appraisal and Management System Abstract The goal of competitive strategy is to create competitive advantages and gain the maximum value. On the other hand, competitive advantage lies in differentiation which originates from exclusive ¡§core competence and resource¡¨. In fact, what so called ¡§core competence and resource¡¨ tightly relates to ¡§knowledge¡¨ because to compare with other resource, knowledge has the characteristics of being ¡§scarce¡¨, ¡§difficult to imitate¡¨ ¡§unable to copy¡¨, and ¡§granted with exclusive rights¡¨ (Hsu Shihchun, 2000) and these are the essential elements for a company to remain its competitive advantages. Thus, Knowledge Management (KM) determines powerfully the survival of a company. In terms of business management, the ultimate goal of Performance Management System is to enhance organization efficiency which is built on the integration and improvement of business operation. It is also an important system aiming for improving or strengthening the system of ¡§core competence and resource¡¨ building. This coincides with the nature of knowledge management and benefits each other. Management activities such as production, marketing, R&D, accounting, purchasing, and human resource tie with ¡§the import , capture , retrieval , access , use , sharing , creation of knowledge¡¨ and this evidently indicates the popularity and long existence of KM activities. This study attempted to use KM Process as the base to construct a case study model with theoretical and practical application through the application demand of Knowledge Technology (KT). Before constructing the model, this study first reviewed the previous literature and understood the definition of KM and Performance Appraisal and Management. With the help of diagnosis tool, Six Box Model (Weisbord, 1976), we improved the study model of Knowledge Based Performance Appraisal and Management System (KBPAMS). Meanwhile, we adopted dimensional elements to compile an ideal ¡§Study Form for KBPAMS.¡¨ We also selected certain companies as the cases to examine the existing system and conducted one by one in-depth interviews with employees of chosen companies. Due to the limitations on study time and human resources, random sampling as well as convenience sampling were excluded; purposive sampling was chosen to understand the actual demand and opinions of workers. Next, Flow Chart and handling description were two methods of presentation to construct a simple ¡§KBPAMS¡¨ case study model as the reference for future establishment of information system. In the end, we used the improvement of the ¡§KBPAMS¡¨ case study model. To analyze the six dimensional elements of the ¡§KBPAMS¡¨ and studied it by open-system-view. Four suggestions were offered for conclusion as follows: 1.Returning to the humanity; 2.Integrating business culture and creating business characteristics; 3.long-term Investing on KBPAMS; 4.Gaining full-support from the top-manager. Keywords¡G Knowledge Management (KM), Knowledge Technology (KT), Performance Appraisal and Management, Performance Appraisal System (PAS)

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Swedish universities have always received greater attention from international students thanks to their well-quality and tuition-free programs. However, due to the introduction of tuition fee for non-EU/EEA students from fall 2011, it is predictable that by raising the threat of losing a rather large portion of international students, Swedish universities may experience a critical period over the early years after this change. This is occurring in an environment in which universities attempt to leverage their tangible and intangible resources for maintaining their competitive niche in the worldwide market. Besides, many universities have moved towards establishing student-centric strategies as a means to achieve a high level of students’ satisfaction and long-lasting relationships. The issue has become so substantial in the recent years that, as Pausits (2007) has also suggested, universities need to transform into “relation-based organizations”.</p><p>To solve this possible problem and in order to help Swedish universities to pass this critical situation safely, this study has conducted a qualitative research on the basis of analysis of the empirical data gathered from a series of semi-structured phone and personal interviews with five Swedish universities that have the most number of international students (Lund, Uppsala, Linköping, Jönköping and Blekinge Universities) with the intense support of previous literature and the theoretical body of the study under investigation which has lead to the creation of a knowledge-based CRM model.</p><p>The main aim of this conceptual CRM model is to systematically organize the operations of building, managing and retaining relationships between Swedish universities and international students. This model has been formed by combination of two theories of CRM, as a business strategy which has been proved to be one the most efficient customer-oriented business approaches within the past decades, and Knowledge Management (KM) as the pivot for effective operation of the proposed CRM framework by providing a constant learning environment.</p>

ITC/USA 2013 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Ninth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 21-24, 2013 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV / The tracking modulation index (Km) is a key performance parameter for any autotracking antenna and should especially be considered for classically difficult targets such as missiles and/or fast moving aircraft. Antenna subsystems are typically characterized by their gain to temperature ratio (G/T) to optimize receive data bit error rates (BER) for distant targets. One important parameter often overlooked for telemetry autotracking antennas is a graded value for the available tracking modulation index (Km) that is common in radar autotracking applications. Tracking modulation performance is a major contributor for minimizing the antenna pointing error during an autotrack mission. Autotracking radar antenna specifications typically include tracking modulation as a major design parameter, many receive-only autotrack antennas used for telemetry applications do not consider this important parameter for the intended tracking mission which may result in poor autotracking performance. This paper investigates the effects of tracking modulation levels on system pointing errors for various classes of feed topologies.

L'aide à la décision se fonde sur l'observation d'un environnement évolutif dont on scrute les évènements. Ces évènements peuvent être de différentes natures, dont les connexions qui peuvent se créer au sein d'un réseau d'acteurs. L'observation des bases documentaires ne semble plus suffisante pour nourrir l'aide à la décision. En effet, les nouveaux outils de communication et de collaboration, dont l'usage se répand rapidement au sein des organisations, sont sources de nouvelles formes d'informations peu ou mal utilisées par les systèmes actuels d'aide à la décision des organisations. L'objectif de la thèse est de concevoir une plate-forme (modélisation et développement) pour les organisations permettant à leurs membres de bénéficier de médias sociaux et à leurs décideurs de bénéficier d'outils d'aide à la décision prenant en compte tous les types de ressources circulant sur cette plate-forme.