No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--Indiana University, 2009. / Title from screen (viewed on October 1, 2009). Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Sonal P. Sanghani, Paresh C. Sanghani, William F. Bosron. Includes vita. Non-Latin script record Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-56).

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) also known as glutathione- dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH), is a zinc-dependent dehydrogenase. GSNOR oxidizes long chain alcohols to an aldehyde with the help of a molecule of NAD+. GSNOR was initially identified as FDH because of its role in the formaldehyde detoxification pathway. The only S-nitrosothiol (SNO) substrate recognized by GSNOR is GSNO. A transnitrosation reaction transfers NO from nitrosylated proteins or S-nitrosothiols (RSNO) to glutathione to form S-nitrosoglutathione. This GSNO is finally converted to glutathione disulfide (GSSG) by a two step mechanism. Cellular GSNO is a nitric oxide reservoir that can either transfer to or remove from the proteins a NO group. Reduction of GSNO by GSNOR depletes this reservoir and therefore indirectly regulates protein nitrosylation. GSNOR inhibitors which can increase the basal GSNO levels will be another potential therapy. Several GSNOR inhibitors were identified in our laboratory and the aim of this study was to understand their cellular effects. One of the experiments studied the effect of the compound on protein-SNO. The role of nitric oxide in regulation of NF-κB pathway is reviewed by Bove and van der Vliet. We focused on identification of nitrosylated proteins using protein specific antibodies. We identified nitrosylation of IKKβ. So the question raised was whether nitrosylation of IKKβ affects its activity. IKKβ is responsible for phosphorylation of IκBα and phosphorylation of IκBα results in its degradation and activation of NF-κB pathway. Therefore, we studied the phosphorylation of IκBα in the presence of inhibitor C3. Results showed a dose-dependent decrease of pIκB. So the next question was whether the phosphorylation of IKKβ was affected by nitrosylation. We did not detect any change in pIKKβ with different concentrations of C3. The decreased degradation of IκBα caused by C3 translated into decreased NF-κB activity as seen by a dose-dependent decrease in amounts of ICAM-1 with increasing C3 concentration. This data supports the premise that the activity of transcription factor NF-κB is suppressed by inhibiting GSNOR with compound C3

No description available.

No description available.

Objetivo: Evaluar el método directo en la identificación y antibiograma de Enterobacterias en pacientes con bacteriuria significativa atendidos en el Hospital Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé. Materiales y Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se procesó 173 muestras de orina con sospecha de bacteriuria significativa, inoculándose directamente la muestra en medios diferenciales y en dos placas de agar Mueller Hinton al que se le colocó 10 antibióticos; paralelamente, se procesó las muestras según el protocolo estandarizados para urocultivo, identificando el uropatógeno por las reacciones presentadas en la serie bioquímica y categorizando los halos de inhibición antibiótica según los puntos de corte vigentes señalada por la CLSI. Finalmente se comparó los resultados por ambos métodos y se calculó el nivel de concordancia mediante el índice Kappa. Resultados: 154 muestras fueron analizadas y comparadas por ambos métodos, hallándose un índice Kappa de 0.89, siendo considerada una concordancia “Casi perfecta”. En el caso del antibiograma, muestras fueron evaluadas obteniéndose un índice Kappa para el antibiótico Trimetoprim-Sulfametoxazol de 0.97, Ciprofloxacina, 0.82, Gentamicina, 0.94, Ampicilina, 0.92 y Ceftriaxona,0.93 categorizados como una correlación “Casi perfecta”; en el caso de la Cefalotina presentó un índice de 0.64 y Amoxicilina – Ac. Clavulánico de 0.74 que se valoran como una concordancia “Considerable”, para la Nitrofurantoína, se halló un índice de correlación de 0.56 considerada como una concordancia “Moderada” y para la Amikacina, se obtuvo un índice de 0.28 categorizada como “Aceptable”. Conclusión: El método directo es un protocolo alternativo válido y confiable, que permite reportar en menos tiempo el agente infeccioso y el patrón de susceptibilidad con el cual puede iniciarse una terapia antibiótica adecuada, sin embargo es imprescindible valorar el resultado según la pureza y recuento de colonias, así como también confírmalo con la identificación y antibiograma convencional. / Objetive: Assess the direct method in the identification and susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae in patients with significant bacteriuria treated at Hospital Madre Niño San Bartolomé. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. 173 urine samples with suspected significant bacteriuria were directly processed, by inoculating the sample in differential media and two Mueller-Hinton agar plates to which was placed 10 antibiotic disks in parallel, the samples were processed according to the standardized protocol for urine culture, identifying the uropathogen through the reactions outlined in bacterial biochemistry and categorizing series of antibiotic inhibition halos breakpoints as indicated by the CLSI. Finally the results are compared for both methods and the level of agreement was calculated using the Kappa index. Results: 154 samples were analyzed and compared by the two methods for the identification, obtaining a Kappa index of 0.89, being considered as an "Almost perfect" agreement. In the case of the susceptibility test, 149 samples were compared by the two methods, obtaining a Kappa index of 0.97 for the antibiotic Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 0.82 for Ciprofloxacin, 0.94 for Gentamicin, 0.92 for Ampicillin and 0.93 for Ceftriaxone, being considered as an "Almost perfect" correlation; Cephalothin present a Kappa index of 0.64 and Amoxicillin - clavulanate 0.74 being considered as a "Substancial" agreement, as well as Nitrofurantoin Kappa index of 0.56 was considered to have as a "Moderate" agreement. On the other hand, Amikacin had a “Fair” agreement (Kappa index of 0.28). Conclusion: The direct method is a valid and reliable alternative protocol, which allows to identify the bacterial infectious agent and find the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility in less time, which can be initiated with appropriate therapy. However, it is essential to evaluate the results according to the purity and counting colonies, as well as identify and confirm the results with conventional susceptibility. Keywords: direct method, standardized method, kappa coefficient, urine.

No description available.

Nuclear Faktor kappa B (NF-kB) ist ein ubiquitärer Transkriptionsfaktor für zahlreiche Proteine und wird durch viele verschiedene Reize aktiviert. Es wird angenommen, dass NF-kB auch bei der Progression der chronischen Herzinsuffizienz beteiligt ist. In dieser Arbeit wurde die Aktivität des NF-kB in peripherer Leukozyten von Patienten mit einer chronischen Herzinsuffizienz untersucht. Im Vergleich zu gesunden Probanden war bei Patienten mit einer stabilen Herzinsuffizienz und ohne offensichtlich andere Gründe für eine NF-kB-Aktivierung NF-kB vermehrt aktiv. Daneben zeigte sich eine negative Korrelation von NF-kB-Aktivität und den NYHA-Stadien. / Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) is a ubiquitous transcription factor activated by various stimuli that are implicated in the progression of chronic heart failure. Therefore, we examined the activation of NF-kB in peripheral leukocytes, the only nucleated cell population noninvasively accessible in patients with heart failure. In patients with stable heart failure with no obvious other reason for NF-kB activation, NF-kB was significantly activated.

Ulm, Univ., Diss., 2008.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Kent State University, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 17, 2008). Advisor: George R. Stark. Keywords: NF-[kappa]B, RIP1, Transposons, TNF, Insertional Mutagenesis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-134).