This project presents an investigation into the viability of alternative knowl- edge acquisition strategies in knowledge management systems. The goal of this project is to illustrate that alternative means of knowledge acquisition can have a significant effect on the quality of the knowledge base. To accomplish this a modification of a wiki system, dubbed Prometheus, is proposed that uses a threshold based user vote acquisition mechanism. A simulation approach is used to compare a model of the Prometheus system against a model of a standard wiki system. A simulation framework is described that facilitates comparison between models of knowledge systems. The simu- lation framework is used to compare the knowledge systems in three different scenarios in an attempt to determine the conditions in which the Prometheus system may produce a higher quality knowledge base. The results of these ex- periments are presented along with some discussion and areas for future work.

The main aim of this study was to explore and describe the circumstances on the ground concerning employability of Environmental Science (ES) graduates in Botswana and to provide evidence that would either confirm or refute claims that graduates in Botswana, in general, are not employable. The second aim of this study was to describe whose role it is to enhance the employability of graduates. Furthermore it was also the aim of this study to investigate whether or not employability audits could be used as a quality assurance mechanism to ensure the employability of graduates in Botswana. These issues were investigated using the contextual framework of employability which explains the quality of higher education in relation to employability of graduates. This research reports on the findings of a case study of the Environmental Science programme offered by the Department of Environmental Science at the University of Botswana which was conducted in June 2012. The study revealed and confirmed gaps among ES graduates in the knowledge, skills and competencies required for the world of work. As a result of these gaps, ES graduates were found not be immediately employable without further on the job training. This created a lot of discontent among employers interviewed. The study concluded that higher education should go beyond providing education for the general development and well-being of individuals and address issues related to employability of graduating students. Conflicts in the possible roles of higher education and industry in enhancing the employability of ES graduates in terms of the changing expectations of the world of work were identified. The study highlighted the possible role of employability audits in enhancing employability not only of ES graduates but all other graduates in Botswana. Furthermore the study recommended that employability audits should be introduced in the tertiary education system of Botswana as a quality assurance mechanism. It further recommended collaboration and partnership with industry as key to the success of any measures put in place for the enhancement of the employability of graduates in Botswana. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / tm2015 / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / PhD / Unrestricted

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Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskeyrket är ett legitimerat yrke, där det huvudsakliga ansvarsområdet är omvårdnad. Sjuksköterskan arbetar utifrån olika kompetenskrav och kärnkompetenser. Det är vanligt att sjuksköterskor säger upp sig, som kan ses som ett allmänt globalt problem. Många nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskor upplever ohälsa under sin första tid inom yrket, vilket även handledare och chefer har uppmärksammat. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors erfarenheter inom yrket på sjukhus. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturbaserad metod användes, med Fribergs (2017) analysmetod för att beskriva nyutexaminerade sjuksköterskors erfarenheter. Tolv artiklar som söktes fram i databasen CINAHL analyserades. Resultat: Tre teman: Närstående och arbetsplatsen hade en betydande roll, Känslan av otillräcklighet och Organisatoriska faktorer av betydelse, samt i sju subteman: Positivt stöd, Bristande stöd, Den psykisk ohälsan var överväldigande, Att inte känna sig beredd och finna balans, Från självkritik till självsäkerhet, Teamet och kollegor och De brister som påverkade NeS och patientsäkerheten. Konklusion: Resultatet visade att negativa erfarenheter var övervägande, såsom ohälsa, självkritik och bristande färdigheter. Positiva erfarenheter kom aldrig utav sig självt, stödet var avgörande från kollegor, teamet och organisationen. / Background: The nurse profession is a registered profession, where the main area of responsibility is nursing. Nurses work on the basis of competence requirements and core competencies. There are many nurses resigning their jobs, which can be seen as a global problem. Many newly graduated nurses experience illness during their first time period, which has also been recognized by supervisors and managers. Aim: The aimwas to describe newly graduated nurses experiences within the profession on hospitals. Method: A qualitative literature-based method was used, with Friberg's (2017)analysis method to describe newly graduated nurses experience. Twelve articles that were sought out in the database CINAHL were analyzed. Findings: Three themes: Relatives and the workplace had a significant role, A feeling of inadequacy and Organizational factors of importance, and in seven subthemes: Positive support, Deficient support, The psychological illness was overwhelming, To not feel prepared and finding balance, From self-criticism to self-confidence, The team and colleagues and The shortcomings the af ected NeS and patient safety. Conclusion: The result have shown that negative experiences were predominant, such as illness, self-criticism and lack of skills. Positive experiences never came by itself, the support was crucial from colleagues, the team and the organization.