Hamburg, Universiẗat, Diss., 2004. / Erscheinungsjahr an der Haupttitelstelle: 2003.

Olika typer av klorfenoler (CP) användes flitigt i impregneringsmedel under 1950–70-talen i Sverige. Det var under miljonprogrammet som CP fick sin största spridning, då en miljon hushåll skulle byggas där bland annat syllarna i husen skulle vara impregnerade med CP. På 1970-talet skedde också den så kallade Teckomatorpskandalen, där företaget BT Kemi, som tillverkade en mängd olika kemiska ämnen inklusive CP, hade grävt nercirka1000 tunnor med giftiga ämnen i marken. I samband med att skandalen uppdagades förbjöds CP år 1977-1978 i Sverige, detta innefattade även produkten KP-Cuprinol som använts som impregnering i miljonprogramhusen. Frågetecken kvarstår till hur plötsligt CP förbjöds utan att det förklarades varför. CP i trä-skyddsmedel har lett till stora inomhusproblem.

No / Recent research in membrane computing examines and confirms the anticipated modelling potential of kernel P systems in several case studies. On the one hand, this computational model is destined to be an abstract archetype which advocates the unity and integrity of P systems onto a single formalism. On the other hand, this envisaged convergence is conceived at the expense of a vast set of primitives and intricate semantics, an exigent context when considering the development of simulation and verification methodologies and tools. Encouraged and guided by the success and steady progress of similar undertakings, in this paper we directly address the issue of formal verification of kernel P systems by means of model checking and unveil a software framework, kpWorkbench, which integrates a set of related tools in support of our approach. A case study that centres around the well known Subset Sum problem progressively demonstrates each stage of the proposed methodology: expressing a kP system model in recently introduced kP-Lingua; the automatic translation of this model into a Promela (Spin) specification; the assisted, interactive construction of a set of LTL properties based on natural language patterns; and finally, the formal verification of these properties against the converted model, using the Spin model checker.

No / In this short paper one overviews the two years development of kernel P systems (kP systems for short), a basic class of P systems combining features of different variants of such systems. The definition of kP systems is given, some examples illustrate various features of the model and the most significant results are presented.

No / Kernel P systems integrate in a coherent and elegant manner many of the features of different P system variants, successfully used for modelling various applications. In this paper, we present our initial attempt to extend the software framework developed to support kernel P systems: a formal verification tool based on the NuSMV model checker and a large scale simulation environment based on FLAME. The use of these two tools for modelling and analysis of biological systems is illustrated with a synthetic biology example.

No / P systems are the computational models introduced in the context of membrane computing, a computational paradigm within the more general area of unconventional computing. Kernel P (kP) systems are defined to unify the specification of different variants of P systems, motivated by challenging theoretical aspects and the need to model different problems. In this paper, we present kPWorkbench, a software framework developed to support kP systems. kPWorkbench integrates several simulation and verification tools and methods, and provides a software suit for the modelling and analysis of membrane systems.

The purpose of our study was to examine the representation of girls and boys in journalism directed towards children between 8 and 14 years old. The study was conducted upon 15 articles from the Swedish children’s magazine Kamratposten. We examined how the gender systems reproduce and/or change through Kamratposten’s series “KP fixar”. To be able to analyze this we used a critical discourse analysis as method and we used theories including gender systems, media logic and identification. Our main results of the study showed that the gender systems and gender contracts both were changed and reproduced in “KP fixar”. The changes were shown through the fact that girls and boys were mainly not treated differently from each other based on their sexes, however the reproduction could be seen through the children being described as prominently masculine or feminine based on the performed activity in the articles.

Dans cette thèse, nous étudions la contrôlabilité et la stabilisation pour des équation hyperboliques et dispersives. La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à la stabilisation du système de Stokes hyperbolique. La propagation des singularités pour le système de Stokes semi-classique est établie dans chapitre 1. La preuve repose sur la stratégie de Ivrii et Melrose-Sjöstrand.Cependant, par rapport à l’opérateur de Laplace, la difficulté est causée par la pression qui a un effet non trivial pour les solutions concentrées au bord. Nous utilisons la paramétrix des solutions près d’un point elliptique ou hyperbolique. Ensuite, on traite les solutions concentrées près de l’ensemble «glancing» par une décomposition micro-locale. L’effet de la pression est alors bien contrôlé grâce à la géométrie. Finalement on utilise un argument récurrence pour terminer la preuve. Par conséquent, nous prouvons la stabilisation du système de Stokes hyperbolique dans le chapitre 2 sous la condition de contrôle géométrique sur le support de l’amortissement.La deuxième partie est consacrée à la contrôlabilité et la stabilisation de l’équation de Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP en bref). Dans le chapitre 3, en utilisant l’analyse semi-classique, nous avons prouvé la contrôlabilité verticale pour des données dans L^2 (T). De plus, un résultat négatif concernant la contrôlabilité horizontale est aussi obtenu. Dans le chapitre 4, nous considérons la contrôlabilité de l’équation de KP-I linéaire. C’est un modèle intéressant dans lequel la vitesse de groupe peut être dégénéré. Plus général, on a obtenu le plus petit ordre requis pour assurer l’observabilité des équations de KP-I fractionnaire linéaire. Finalement dans le chapitre 5, nous avons montré la contrôlabilité et la stabilisation des ’equations de KP-II et 5KP-II avec grandes données initiales dans l’espace de Sobolev, si la donnée initiale satisfait certaines hypothèses de compacité partielles. Ceci généralise la contrôlabilité des solutions de KP-II avec données petites dans le chapitre 3. / In this thesis, we deal with the control and stabilization for certain hyperbolic and dispersive partial differential equations. The first part of this work is devoted to the stabilization of hyperbolic Stokes equation. The propagation of singularity for semi-classical Stokes system is established in Chapter 1. This will be done by adpating the strategy of Ivrii and Melrose-Sjöstrand. However,compared to the Laplace operator, the difficulty is caused by the pressure term which has non-trivial impact to solutions concentrated near the boundary. We apply parametrix construction to resolve the issue in elliptic and hyperbolic regions. We next adapte a fine micro-local decomposition for solutions concentrated near the glancing set. The impact of pressure to the solution is then well controled by geometric considerations. As a consequence of the main theorem in Chapter 1, we prove the stabilization of hyperbolic Stokes equation under geometric control condition in Chapter 2. The second part is devoted to the controllability of Kadomtsev–Petviashvili(KP in short) equations. In Chapter 3, the controllability in L 2 (T) from vertical strip is proved using semi-classical analysis. Additionally, a negative result for the controllability in L^2 (T) from horizontal strip is also showed. In Chapter 4, we prove the exact controllability of linear KP-I equation if the control input is added on a vertical domain. It is an interesting model in which the group velocity may degenerate. More generally, we have obtained the least dispersion needed to insure observability for fractional linear KP I equation. Finally in Chapter 5, we prove exact controllability and stabilization of KP-II equation and fifth order KP-II equation for any size of initial data in Sobolev spaces with additional partial compactness conditions. This extends the exact controllability for small data obtained in Chapter 3.compactness condition. This extends the exact controllability for small data obtained in Chapter 3.

Antibiotic treatment failure might be due to bacterial resistance or suboptimal exposure at target site and there is a lack of knowledge on the interaction between antimicrobial pharmacodynamics (PD) and the immune response to bacterial infections. Therefore, it is crucial to develop tools to increase the understanding of drug disposition to better evaluate antibiotic candidates in drug development and to elucidate the role of the immune system in bacterial infections. Colistin is used as salvage therapy against multidrug resistant Gram-negative infections. In this work, a whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic model (WBPBPK) was developed to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of colistin and its prodrug colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) in animal and human. The scalability of the model from animal to human was assessed with satisfactory predictive performance for CMS and demonstrating the need for a mechanistic understanding of colistin elimination. The WBPBPK model was applied to investigate the impact of pathophysiological changes commonly observed in critically ill patients on tissue distribution of colistin and to evaluate different dosing strategies. Model predicted concentrations in tissue were used in combination with a semi-mechanistic PKPD model to predict bacterial killing in tissue for two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, a toxicokinetic (TK) model was constructed to describe the time course of E. coli endotoxin concentrations in plasma and the effect on pro-inflammatory cytokine release. The model adequately described the concentration-time profiles of endotoxin and its stimulation of IL-6 and TNF-α production using an indirect response model combined with a transit compartment chain with a tolerance component to endotoxemia. The WBPBPK model developed in this work increased the knowledge on colistin tissue exposure under various conditions and could be used in drug development process to assess antibiotic efficacy or to test new drug combinations. The model describing endotoxin TK and its effect on cytokines is a new tool to be further applied in longitudinal studies to explore the immune response cascade induced by bacterial infections. The methodology applied in this thesis contributes to the development of an integrated modeling framework including physiology, drug distribution, bacterial growth and killing as well as the immune response to infection.

This thesis presents Wronskian and Gram solutions to both the Korteweg-de Vries and Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations, which are then scalable to arbitrarily large numbers of interacting solitons. Through variable transformation and use of the Hirota derivative, these nonlinear partial differential equations can be expressed in bilinear form. We present both Wronskian and Gram determinants which satisfy the equations. N=1,2,3 and higher order solutions are presented graphically; parameter tuning and the resultant behavioral differences are demonstrated and discussed. In addition, we compare these solutions to naturally occurring shallow water waves on beaches.