In the Nineties year in the German Studies’ area appears a new reflection around the theatrical chorus thank to the activity of theatrical personalities as Heiner Müller, Einar Schleef, Elfriede Jelinek or Christoph Marthaler. So Hans Thies Lehmann, in his compendium about the Postdramatic Theater (Hans-Thies Lehmann, Postdramatisches Theater, Verlag der Autoren, Frankfurt am Main 1999) advances the new category of the Chortheater (Chor Theatre) to explain e new form of drama and performative event; again in 1999 appear the important essay of Detlev Baur (Detlev Baur, Der Chor im Theater des 20. Jahrhunderts. Typologie des theatralen Mittels Chor, Niemeyer, Tübingen 1999), that gives an important device about this instrument but without giving the reasons of the its modifications in such different historical times. Then in 2004, Erika Fischer-Lichte, (Theatre, Sacrifice, Ritual. Exploring Forms of Political Theatre, Routledge, London-New York 2005), reflects about the connection between ritual and theatre in the 20th Century. Thank to this studies the search aim was to give a new story of the chorus as theatrical and performative tool, in his liminal essence in creating immersive or alienating theatrical relation with the audience and to give specific features to distinguish it from general categories such as choral theatre o ensemble theatre.

La tesi è incentrata sui recenti sviluppi della narrativa testimoniale dell’America Latina. Verranno presi in considerazione gli ultimi contributi critici dedicati al rapporto tra finzione e realtà in letteratura, e sarà dato spazio alla costruzione narrativa della realtà e alla nascita del testimonio, come genere a sé, che raccoglie alcune delle principali opere latinoamericane degli ultimi quaranta anni. Nello specifico, l’indagine riguarderà la rappresentazione letteraria della violenza nella narrativa di denuncia di tre autori ispoanoamericani: la novela negra di Enrique Serna, il poliziesco testimoniale di Rodolfo Walsh e la scrittura estrema di Roberto Bolaño. Obiettivo della ricerca è capire in che modo i tre scrittori hanno raccontato le loro verità alternative, provando a salvaguardare la memoria, e quali effetti hanno ottenuto. Verranno analizzate non solo le tematiche affrontate, facendo riferimento quindi al contesto storico, politico e sociale al quale si rifanno, ma saranno illustrate anche le differenti tecniche di costruzione del romanzo, dell’intreccio e della trama, e verrà isolato il ruolo del testimone (diretto o indiretto) e delle fonti, per cogliere le differenze ma anche le similitudini stilistiche e narrative di ognuna delle opere. Più in generale, dimostreremo come e quanto i testi di questi autori costituiscano in realtà una forte critica al sistema imperante e diano voce alle categorie sociali altrimenti emarginate. / The thesis is focused on the recent developments of the Latin American testimonial narrative. The last critical contributions dedicated to the relationship between fiction and reality in literature will be taken into consideration and room will be given to the narrative construction of reality and the birth of witness literature, as a genre in itself, which collects some of the major works in Latin America over the last forty years. Specifically, the survey will concern the literary representation of violence in the narrative report of three Spanish-American authors: Enrique Serna’s novela negra, Rodolfo Walsh’s police witness and Roberto Bolaño’s extreme writing. The objective of the research is to understand how the three writers have told their own truth alternatives while trying to preserve memory, and what effects they've had. They will be analyzed not only the main topics through the historical, political and social context they refer to, but also the different construction techniques of the novel, storyline and plot. It will also be blocked the role of the witness (direct or indirect) and sources, to understand differences and similarities of style and narrative among the three authors’ works. More in general, we will demonstrate how and how much the texts of these authors constitute a strong critique of the prevailing system and give voice to otherwise marginalized groups in society.

La ricerca sviluppa le più recenti proposte teoriche dell'antropologia interpretativa, applicandole alla teoria della letteratura. Si concentra sull'ipotesto antropologico attivo nell'opera di Elsa Morante, con particolare riferimento alla produzione successiva agli anni Sessanta (Il mondo salvato dai ragazzini, 1968; La Storia, 1974; Aracoeli, 1982), in cui si verifica la concentrazione del materiale etno-antropologico di derivazione demartiniana. La tesi si propone di sondare la prolificità del rapporto intertestuale Morante-De Martino, soprattutto mediante la ricorrenza di alcuni luoghi significanti che accomunano la ricerca poetica e quella scientifica degli autori, uniti da una fondamentale rielaborazione del concetto di "umanesimo". Centrale, a questo proposito, diviene la nozione di "crisi" della persona, direttamente collegata al vissuto da "fine del mondo" e alla percezione apocalittica post-atomica. Alla crisi del soggetto contemporaneo si guarda nei termini di una risoluzione culturale, che chiama direttamente in causa il rapporto tra letteratura e ritualità. Secondo la prospettiva sociologica durkheimiana, si indagano i momenti della piacularità e della festa, ricorsivi nella scrittura morantiana, come fondanti il discorso (la narrazione mitografica) della comunità. Di qui, la riflessione si attesta sulle strategie della comunicazione finzionale in ambito etno-antropologico, con attenzione all'autorialità dello stesso antropologo sul campo. Non mancano raffronti con le esperienze letterarie più significative nell'orizzonte culturale delineato: in particolar modo, si tiene in considerazione il fondamentale rapporto Morante-Pasolini. / The research develops the most recent theoretical proposals of interpretive anthropology , applying them to the theory of literature. It focuses on anthropological "ipotesto" active in the work of Elsa Morante , with particular reference to the production next to the Sixties ( The world is saved by children , 1968; History , 1974; Aracoeli , 1982) , in which occurs the concentration of De Martino's ethno- anthropological material . The thesis aims to explore the prolificacy of the intertextual relationship Morante -De Martino , particularly by the occurrence of some significant places that are common to the poetic and scientific research of the authors , joined by a fundamental reworking of the concept of " humanism." Central in this regard , it becomes the notion of "crisis" of the person, directly connected to the living "end of the world " and the apocalyptic post- atomic perception. The crisis of the contemporary subject is  view in terms of a cultural resolution , which directly concerns the relationship between literature and rituals . According to Durkheim's sociological perspective , we investigate the moments of "piacularità" and "festa", in Morante's writing recursive , as founding the discourse ( mythographic narration ) of the community. Hence , the reflection came on the strategies of fictional communication within the ethno- anthropological , anthropologist carefully authorship of the same on field. There is no lack comparisons with the most significant literary experiences in contemporary culture outlined : in particular, it takes into account the fundamental relationship Morante - Pasolini.

Il lavoro presenta le ricerche svolte ed i risultati ottenuti per consentire alle persone non vedenti lo studio quanto più autonomo del greco antico tramite sintesi vocale. Una introduzione storica ripercorre la prima vicenda professionale dell'esercizio della professione docente delle lettere classiche da parte di un soggetto privo di vista, mentre il riferimento alla legislazione contemporanea tenta di disegnare una cornice capace dei più moderni approdi supportati dalle tecnologie informatiche. La Tesi illustra infine il funzionamento dei vari dispositivi prodotti, mentre una importante appendice ripercorre le pubblicazioni via via curate dal Gruppo di Studio, accogliendo infine le trascrizioni dei codici di programmazione delle sintesi vocali realizzate. Essa affida così all'Università la prosecuzione delle ricerche delineando ulteriori ipotesi di sviluppo. / The paper presents the research carried out and the results obtained to enable people who are blind study ancient greek as autonomous via speech synthesis. A historical introduction traces the first year professional career in the teaching of classics by a person without sight, while the reference to the contemporary legislation attempts to draw a frame capable of the most modern solutions supported by information technology. Finally, the thesis illustrates the operation of the various devices produced, while an important appendix traces the publications gradually prepared by the Study Group, finally accepting transcripts of programming codes made for speech synthesis software. It entrusts the University as a continuation of the research outlining further development hypothesis.

Les recherches relatives à l'utilisation des TICE se concentrent fréquemment soit sur la dimension cognitive, sur la dimension linguistique ou sur la dimension culturelle. Le plus souvent, les recherches empiriques se proposent d'évaluer les effets directs des TICE sur les performances langagières des apprenants. En outre, les recherches, surtout en psychologie cognitive, sont le plus souvent effectuées en laboratoire. C'est pourquoi le travail présenté dans cette thèse se propose d'inscrire l'utilisation des TICE dans une perspective écologique, et de proposer une approche intégrée pour l'analyse des pratiques effectives aussi bien en didactique des langues qu'en didactique de la traduction. En ce qui concerne les aspects cognitifs, nous recourons à un concept apprécié des praticiens, celui de stratégies d'apprentissage. Les quatre premiers chapitres de la présente thèse sont consacrés à l'élaboration du cadre théorique dans lequel nous inscrivons notre recherche. Nous aborderons en premier lieu les aspects disciplinaires, et notamment l’interdisciplinarité de nos deux champs de référence. Ensuite nous traiterons les stratégies d'apprentissage et les stratégies de traduction. Dans un troisième mouvement, nous nous efforcerons de définir les deux compétences visées par notre recherche : la production écrite et la traduction. Dans un quatrième temps, nous nous intéresserons aux modifications introduites par les TICE dans les pratiques d'enseignement et d'apprentissage de ces deux compétences. Le cinquième chapitre a pour objet la présentation, l'analyse des données recueillies auprès de groupes d'enseignants et d'étudiants de la section de français de la SSLMIT. Il s’agira dans un premier temps, de présenter notre corpus. Ensuite nous procéderons à l’analyse des données. Enfin, nous présenterons, après une synthèse globale, des pistes didactiques et scientifiques à même de prolonger notre travail. / Most of the research on ICT uses for teaching/learning has focused either on the cognitive and linguistic dimension, or on cultural aspects. And in both cases, it generally targets the effect of the use of ICT on learners’ linguistic competence. Moreover, data has usually been gathered from laboratory tests rather than being built up from direct observation in the classroom. The work presented in this thesis is mainly aimed at defending the idea that studies and research should be more interested in bringing about modifications in the teaching/learning praxis. With regard to cognitive effects, not only have learning strategies been identified and classified but also textual typologies applied to language learning and translation. Nonetheless, the proliferation of typologies and metalanguage may be a problem in a pedagogical context. This is why our research aims to defend a teaching/learning integrated approach of writing and translating skills assisted by technological instruments. In the first four chapters, we present the theoretical frame of our research. First, we underline the interdisciplinarity of foreign language and translation teaching. Then, in the second chapter, we discuss the cognitive approach. In the third chapter, we focus on the definitions and models of writing and translation skills. In the fourth chapter, we explore the ICT field of research and particularly the use of the computer to optimize both kinds of competence. The fifth chapter is dedicated to data protocols and analysis, which is based on our research carried out with the participation of the teachers and students of the French section of the SSLMIT of Forli (University of Bologna). We conclude with presenting our analysis of the results of the surveys and classroom observation used to bring out teachers’ and learners’ activity and praxis to enforce their writing and translating skills.

The Project dealt with the development of settlement pattern and the irrigation system in Samarkand oasis. The main topic of the research is the dating of the Dargom canal, the main water supply of Samarkand in the ancient times as well as today. The Project provided a new hypothesis on the chronology of Dargom, dated back to the Early centuires of the Current Era, in relation with the different phases of the settlement patterns. The researches were carried out with several international teams and schoalrs belonging to several disciplines.

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Most actors of the Italian silent cinema in the early 1910s have a theatrical training. Some of them are already asserted or famous actors (like Cesare Dondini, Ermete Novelli, Ermete Zacconi, Giovanni Grasso) who are invited “to pose” for the cinema following their reputation, according to a strategy of an aesthetic and cultural legitimacy launched in 1909 by film d'art of the Pathé Consortium. I think it is the proverbial readiness and strength of the stage Italian actors that create a decisive contribution to the rapid development of the national cinema industry, despite its serious structural deficiencies, from the protoindustrialized phase (1909) to the golden age of divismo (starting in 1913), until the first signs of decadence (1919), and the so-called “fall” of the UCI production and distribution system. This is the main topic of the thesis: an investigation on the Italian stage actors engaged in the film industry (“from stage to screen” as the Italian title says, but in a “post-Vardac” approach) through many different sources: periodicals, memories, personal and business letters, and also contracts, found in several archive funds. A specific chapter is dedicated to the artistic career of Febo Mari (1881-1939), real name Alfredo Rodriguez, witch is a time-sample symptomatic of deep ties established between the growing film publishing and the Italian theatrical production system in the 1910s. The Mari debut in cinema and his ascent toward screen “divo” status coincides with the parable that leads from emergence to decadence of divismo in Italy.

No description available.

No description available.