This thesis set out to determine the degree to which the Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act is in line with the objectives of South Africa's land reform policy with regard to the promotion of access to land and security of tenure, and to determine to which extent the Act has contributed to land reform. South Africa's history of denial of land rights by dispossession and forced removals made the regulation of evictions imperative. Before this, black people had no recource when they were forced off land that they occupied, or even owned, for decades. The purpose of the Act is &quot / to provide for the prohibition of unlawful eviction / to provide for procedures for the eviction of unlawful occuiers / and to repeal the Prevention of Illegal Squatting Act 52 of 1951&quot / .

Thesis (M.Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2012 / The research study focus on an investigation into the impact of land reform on women empowerment with reference to Masakona land restitution project at Makhado municipality, Limpopo province. South Africa land reform programme has three sub- programmes namely, Land Restitution, Land Redistribution and Land Tenure. The promotion of women economic empowerment in land restitution projects facilitates the achievement of other important public policy goals such as economic growth, improved human development and reduces poverty. A specific focus on women in land restitution is necessary given the reality that women comprise the majority of economically disadvantaged groups. The support for women economic empowerment as part of overall development programming is important. There should be enough capacity building targeted at women to help them increase their participation in land reform programmes and projects. Land will serve as a means of creating opportunities to enable women to develop in numerous sphere of life, therefore giving them independent economic status. The research findings in this study were done to employed females beneficiaries and the management of Masakona land restitution farms. The measurement of women empowerment were established focusing on economic empowerment, poverty alleviation, participation, decision making and capacity building at Masakona land restitution farms. The findings of this study require the land reform programme to recognize the benefits received by women when lands are transferred to their household and community.

The land issue is one among the many challenges faced by South Africa. In this work I look at dispossession of land in the South African context, and reflect on the biblical account of Naboth's vineyard. Naboth was dispossessed of his vineyard through the abuse of power and the lack of justice. In like manner, people of colour in South Africa were dispossessed of their land by a very powerful minority. The legal system did not protect the weak and vulnerable - hence many injustices occurred. The aim of this dissertation is to remind ourselves of land dispossession through the abuse of power and the lack of justice. Through this reminder, I encourage and challenge the church of its responsibilities in the land discussion. The church has a biblical mandate to speak out prophetically and to become proactive in correcting the injustices of the past. Through the church responding in this manner, it will directly assist in poverty alleviation and will drive toward an improved quality of life for all human beings. / Thesis (M.Th.)-University of KwaZulu- Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.

Informal settlement areas (often referred to as squatter settlements or squatter camps) exist in all provinces of South Africa. These areas are characterized by rapid and unplanned development. The result of these is that property boundaries in most of these areas are not surveyed. Since the plots do not have boundary beacons, the land parcel is not properly defined and therefore, the property cannot be registered in the user or owner's name. Consequently, ownership is not guaranteed. Thus there are no legal documents to prove the relationship between an individual and the property. This paper discusses the problems in the land reform process that can be attributed to the existence of informal settlements. The paper is based on a research carried out to assess the effect of informal settlements on the success of the land reform programme in South Africa. A review of literature on the land reform programme and its implementation plan was carried out. The research also included a literature review on informal settlements in relation to property ownership, cadastral surveying and land registration. Three informal settlements in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa were identified for study. These included Cato Manor and Umlazi section CC in Durban and Peace Valley 2 in Pietermaritzburg. / Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.

This thesis set out to determine the degree to which the Prevention of Illegal Eviction from and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act is in line with the objectives of South Africa's land reform policy with regard to the promotion of access to land and security of tenure, and to determine to which extent the Act has contributed to land reform. South Africa's history of denial of land rights by dispossession and forced removals made the regulation of evictions imperative. Before this, black people had no recource when they were forced off land that they occupied, or even owned, for decades. The purpose of the Act is &quot / to provide for the prohibition of unlawful eviction / to provide for procedures for the eviction of unlawful occuiers / and to repeal the Prevention of Illegal Squatting Act 52 of 1951&quot / .

The land reform that has unfolded in Zimbabwe since 1980 used different models and had diverse consequences. Since the implementation of the fast tract land reform programme in 2000, Zimbabwe experienced heavy reduction in yield and output at farm level that led to a 70% shortfall in production to meet annual food requirements (Richardson, 2005). The economic crisis in Zimbabwe has been characterized by worsening food insecurity especially in the rural areas where harvests continue to be poor. In the beef sector, Zimbabwe has failed to meet its export quota to the EU. The shortfall in production to meet annual food requirements shows a very grim situation but do not tell us about the performance of resettled farmers who now occupy much of the productive land. The broad objective of the study was to determine and compare the production efficiency of resettled farmers in Zimbabwe across land reform models. In addition, the study determined land use intensity. The study was conducted in the Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe mainly because a wide variety of field crops were grown by resettled farmers. The respondents were stratified into three groups. These were: beneficiaries of land reform before 2000 (resettle scheme), fast track A1 model and fast track A2 model. The three models differ on how they were implemented and supported and this might result in different efficiencies of the models. A total of 245 copies structured questionnaire were administered on the resettled farmers from June to September 2010. Descriptive statistics was applied to the basic characteristics of the sampled households. The effect of model of land reform, gender of the household head, marital status, age of the household head, education, household size, religion, dependence ratio, whether the farmer was fulltime or part-time in farming, experience of the farmers in farming at that environment, total land size owned by the farmers and soil type on revenue per hectare and land use rate were determined using the GLM procedure of SAS (2003). Significance differences between least-square group means were compared using the PDIFF test of SAS (2003). The relationship between Revenue and land utilization was examined using the Pearson‟s correlations analysis. Dependance between response variables that had an effect on either revenue per hectare or land utilization with all the other response variables was tested using the Chi-square test for dependance. To find the effect of arable land used and herd size on revenue per hectare and land use the RSREG Procedure of SAS (2003) was used. Input oriented DEA model under the assumption of constant return to scale was used to estimate efficiency in this study. To identify factors that influence efficiency, a Tobit model censored at zero was selected. The mean land use rate varied significantly (p<0.05) with the land reform model with A2 having highest land use rate of 67%. The A1 and old resettlement households had land use rates of 53% and 46%, respectively. Sex, marital status, age of the household head, education and household size significantly affected land use (P<0.05). Revenue per hectare was not affected by any the factors that were inputted in the model. Results from the DEA approach showed that A2 farmers (large land owners) had an average technical efficiency score of 0.839, while the lowest ranking model (A1) had an average score of 0.618. Small land holders (A1 and the old resettled farmers) are on average less cost-efficient than large land owners, with a score of 0.29 for the former compared with 0.45 for the latter. From the factors that were entered in the Tobit model, age of household head, excellent production knowledge and farmer status affected technical efficiency whereas allocative efficiency was only affected by good production knowledge, farm size, arable land owned and area under cultivation. Factors which affected economic efficiency of the resettled farmers are secondary education, household size, farm size, cultivated area and arable land owned. None of the included socio-economic variables has significant effects on the allocative and economic efficiency of the resettled farmers. Thus, the allocative and economic inefficiencies of the farmers might be accounted for by other natural and environmental factors which were not captured in the model.

Submitted by Sérgio Peixoto (seapeixoto@uol.com.br) on 2017-07-04T17:05:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_SERGIO_PEIXOTO.pdf: 1883783 bytes, checksum: 661b0383d29c8374ff495463c111142a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-11T12:07:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_SERGIO_PEIXOTO.pdf: 1883783 bytes, checksum: 661b0383d29c8374ff495463c111142a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-11T12:07:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_SERGIO_PEIXOTO.pdf: 1883783 bytes, checksum: 661b0383d29c8374ff495463c111142a (MD5) / O objetivo do presente trabalho é a realização de uma leitura das tentativas de execução de uma reforma agrária no Brasil, nas décadas de 1990 e 2000, marcadas, respectivamente, pela hostilidade e pela expectativa favorável à sua concretização. O problema central da pesquisa realizada refere-se à criação de obstáculos e bloqueios sistemáticos à realização da reforma, dentro e fora do Estado, pelos latifundiários e grandes empresários rurais, com a finalidade de impedir qualquer forma de se limitar o seu monopólio sobre a terra, bem como de se estabelecer o acesso democrático a ela. A principal hipótese que orientou sua elaboração centrou-se na indagação das razões que poderiam explicar a permanência de um desenvolvimento agrário pela via prussiana, justamente quando, na década de 2000, se apresentavam condições políticas mais favoráveis à implantação de uma reforma agrária no país. Discutiu-se as razões da reforma não ter sido promovida pelos governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores – PT, na década de 2000, desde que sempre a incluiu em seu projeto histórico de mudanças. Aventou-se que as lutas dos camponeses e trabalhadores rurais não tiveram, no período analisado, a força suficiente para pressionar pela execução da reforma. Historicamente, suas lutas foram contidas tanto por meio de manobras políticas protelatórias quanto pela repressão aos movimentos sindicais e sociais no campo, o que resultou no desenvolvimento do capitalismo na agricultura brasileira pela via prussiana, efetivada por meio da modernização tecnológica das atividades produtivas, mantendo, senão agravando, os padrões de exploração existentes. O estudo foi desenvolvido através de uma pesquisa documental, referenciada pela consulta a trabalhos acadêmicos e documentos oficiais sobre os temas abordados. Do mesmo modo, recorreu-se a fontes jornalísticas impressas e a trabalhos disponíveis na internet. Procurou-se dotar de uma fundamentação empírica adequada os aspectos mais relevantes do objeto do presente estudo, quais sejam o da prática de bloqueios sistemáticos à realização da reforma agrária, sua substituição pela implementação de uma política de formação de assentamentos rurais e a renúncia à oportunidade histórica mais favorável à sua concretização. / The aim of this work is to make a lecture of attempts to implement an agrarian reform in Brazil in the 1990s and 2000, marked respectively by the hostility and the expectation of its implementation. The central problem of this research refers to the creation of obstacles and systematic blockades to the realization of the reform, inside and outside the State, by landowners and great rural entrepreneurs, in order to prevent any form of limiting their monopoly on land, as well as to establish democratic access to it. The main hypothesis that guided its elaboration was centered in the investigation of the reasons that could explain the permanence of an agrarian development by the prussian way, just when, in the decade of 2000, political conditions were presented more favorable to the implantation of an agrarian reform in the country. It was discussed the reasons for the reform not having been promoted by the governments of the Partido dos Trabalhadores - PT, in the decade of 2000, since it was always included in its historical project of changes. It was argued that the struggles of peasants and rural workers in the period under review did not have sufficient strength to press for the implementation of the reform. Historically, their struggles were restrained both by means of political stunts and by the repression of trade union and social movements in the countryside, which resulted in the development of capitalism in Brazilian agriculture by the Prussian way, effected through the technological modernization of productive activities, keeping, if not aggravating, existing patterns of exploitation. The study was developed through a documentary research, referenced by the consultation to academic papers and official documents on the topics addressed. Likewise, it was used journalistic sources and works available on the internet. It was sought to provide an adequate empirical basis for the most relevant aspects of the object of the present study, namely the practice of systematic blocking of land reform, its replacement by the implementation of a policy of formation of rural settlements and the renunciation of the historical opportunity more favorable to its implementation.

South Africa, emerging from the yoke of colonialism and imperialism embarked on an ambitious land reform programme during the 1990’s. It was anticipated that land reform would take place effectively and sustainably. However, evidence to date revealed that land reform has been a failure and the cause thereof can be attributed to the lack of post settlement support. The focus of the research was to find out whether post-settlement support is the reason behind successful projects and if so to highlight the necessity of post-settlement support in land reform projects. The methodology used was through review of literature, legislations and policies on land reform and analysis of case studies. Outcome of the research indicates an intricate relationship between land reform and post-settlement support. The transfer of land to land reform beneficiaries must go hand in hand with the effective provision of post-settlement support for projects to be success and sustainable. / College of Law / LL.M

Introduction: Land reform is one of the consistently debated, complex and contested subjects in the South African development discourse. Many impoverished communities have been dispossessed of their land during the colonial past. Indicators, measures and evidence of success in land reform are scant, anecdotal and poorly documented. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine whether land reform in South Africa can indeed yield positive development outcomes. In the absence of clear indicators to measure successful land reform, the researcher uses case study methodology to evaluate the impact of land reform on a particular community, the Barolong-Balemirui Project in the North West Province. Methodology: Generic Qualitative methods are used to collect and analyse data collected from (n=45) participants. Within this, multiple data collection approaches that include document analysis, informal discussions and unstructured interviews were utilised to gain insights into the role played by South African land reform across a range of developmental outcome areas. Findings: The study found that land reform could indeed, produce positive development among the impoverished communities in South Africa. This empirical exploration also highlights that the success of land reform programmes and projects depends on many interlinked variables which include enabling policies; the availability of support from development institutions; the private sector and the state, the commitment of the beneficiaries in utilising the land for development purposes as well as the appropriateness of the identified development objectives. The development inputs and outputs of a successful land reform project are therefore multifaceted and complex. Conclusion: This study emphasises the importance of the participation of beneficiaries in the evaluation of land reform projects to determine real and lasting developmental impact. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

At independence and in the post-colonial era most countries embarked on a series of land reform, land redistribution and land restitution with some adopting the land tenure system. This study sought to assess the environmental impacts associated with the land reform in resettlement wards of Matobo District in Zimbabwe. The study adopted both social impact assessment approaches and the environmental assessments. The findings revealed farreaching repercussions resulting from activities associated with land reform in Matobo District which altered the physical landscape. The program is accompanied by inter alia excessive poaching, unsustainable agricultural practises, reduced farm production and ecosystem degradation. Therefore, urgent sustainable measures are recommended to be implemented from this study in order to avoid further environmental damage. / Environmental Management / M. Sc. (Environmental Management)