Due to the improvement of luminous efficiency, LED has been applied in general lighting nowadays. However, the efficacy and life of high power LED lamps are degraded for the problem of overheat temperature of the chips. In accordance with the above reason, the thermal management has been important in LED application. The thesis aims to analyze the thermal problem of high power LED lamp by FEM. In the beginning, we analyzed the temperature curves and thermal stress curves of chips by changing the thickness of AuSn solder in 4 structures. According to the results, the better thickness range and structures were chosen. In the second step, the effect of different sizes of a vapor chamber on the different thermal conductivities of lamp system was discussed. Finally, we orthogonalized all the designed parameters by Taguchi orthogonal array method, and then found the optimal design by comparing the results with the initial analyses. In this study, we proposed a solution to improve the quality characteristics of LED lamp by Taguchi method. So the effect of each control factors on the performance was able to be determined. For different features of demand, the present study is helpful to achieve the ideal design in manufacturing. Key words: FEM, high power LED lamps, Taguchi orthogonal array method

The main focus of this project is to investigate the energy consumption of the manufacturing lines in the car industry and look for the potential methods regarding energy saving. Special emphasis is put on the lighting technologies that can be used in the manufacturing processes. Two lighting technologies are tested in order to see which one has better performance and lower energy consumption. Fluorescent tube and LED tube are compared concerning illuminance, UV irradiance and power consumption. Economic evaluation is also conducted to exam the feasibilities replacing fluorescent tubes with LED tubes. Results of the study show that the LED tubes have much lower energy consumption than fluorescent tubes, produce more direct and „colder“ light, and have much lower UV irradiance. However, the payback period of LED is relatively long at current price situation. Since it is expected that the price of LED tubes will decrease in future, it is reasonable to predict that the LED technology will change the fluorescent one in many applications. The energy consumption has been estimated for two manufacturing lines which use different technologies to produce car underbodies. In order to identify the differences from the energy consumption point of view, some measurements are conducted, such as the consumption of electricity, compressed air, air for ventilation and cooling water. The measured results show a disproportion in the power consumption when the lines are in stand-by mode. This affects the energy consumption per produced unit significantly. The line that has a higher capacity and a lower power consumption in the stand-by mode has a lower energy consumption per produced unit when it is operating with lower production loading. So, in order to improve the energy efficiency, it is necessary that it works at as high volume as possible and to have the stand-by power consumption as low as possible.

CAPES / Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo comparativo entre dois modos de conexão de conversores CC-CC empregados em lâmpadas LED para iluminação pública. Uma das conexões é baseada na técnica conhecida como Reduced Redundant Power Processing e a outra é a conexão série de conversores estáticos. Os conversores SEPIC e buck-boost foram implementados, respectivamente, nos estágios de correção do fator de potência e controle de potˆencia demandada pela carga. Ambos os conversores operam em modo de condução descontínua de corrente. Protótipos de 70 W foram implementados para os dois tipos de conexão. Os resultados experimentais obtidos mostram o desempenho de cada tipo de conexão. Ambas as conexões estão em conformidade à norma IEC 61000-3-2 Classe C e as recomendações práticas IEEE Std 1789-2015. ´E realizada uma discussão sobre as vantagens e desvantagens de cada modo em estudo. / This work presents a comparative study between two different connections of DC-DC converters used in LED lamps for street lighting. One of the connections is based on the technique known as Reduced Redundant Power Processing and the other one is the series connection of static converters. The SEPIC and buck-boost converters were implemented, respectively, in the power factor correction and power control demanded by the load stages. Both of the converters operate in the discontinuous conduction mode of current. Prototypes of 70 W were developed for the two connection types. The experimental results obtained shows the performance of each connection type. Both of the connections are in compliance with the IEC 61000-3-2 Class C standard and the practicals recommendations IEEE Std 1789-2015. A discussion is realized about the advantages and disadvantages of each connection type.

CAPES / Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo comparativo entre dois modos de conexão de conversores CC-CC empregados em lâmpadas LED para iluminação pública. Uma das conexões é baseada na técnica conhecida como Reduced Redundant Power Processing e a outra é a conexão série de conversores estáticos. Os conversores SEPIC e buck-boost foram implementados, respectivamente, nos estágios de correção do fator de potência e controle de potˆencia demandada pela carga. Ambos os conversores operam em modo de condução descontínua de corrente. Protótipos de 70 W foram implementados para os dois tipos de conexão. Os resultados experimentais obtidos mostram o desempenho de cada tipo de conexão. Ambas as conexões estão em conformidade à norma IEC 61000-3-2 Classe C e as recomendações práticas IEEE Std 1789-2015. ´E realizada uma discussão sobre as vantagens e desvantagens de cada modo em estudo. / This work presents a comparative study between two different connections of DC-DC converters used in LED lamps for street lighting. One of the connections is based on the technique known as Reduced Redundant Power Processing and the other one is the series connection of static converters. The SEPIC and buck-boost converters were implemented, respectively, in the power factor correction and power control demanded by the load stages. Both of the converters operate in the discontinuous conduction mode of current. Prototypes of 70 W were developed for the two connection types. The experimental results obtained shows the performance of each connection type. Both of the connections are in compliance with the IEC 61000-3-2 Class C standard and the practicals recommendations IEEE Std 1789-2015. A discussion is realized about the advantages and disadvantages of each connection type.

The master's thesis deals with the design and time optimization of the method designed to determine the classification of LED lamps due to their resistance to power supply fluctuations. Classification of LED lamps in the classification scale and their labelling by the classification index is the task of informing in a simple way those interested in the ability of a concrete light source to function properly, without disturbing flickering, in conditions of electromagnetic interference.

The aim of my thesis is to become familiar with LED replacements of light sources, possible problems, advantages and disadvantages. In the work are at first explained terms of light technology. Then are concisely described actual light sources, that can be replaced by LED. That concern: classic bulbs, halogen bulbs, linear fluorescents and compact bulbs. After that is described principle of LED light fittings and advantages, disadvantages nowadays to use LED light fittings. The main emphasis is placed on chapter 5. The compensations of linear fluorescents by LED moduls. The following chapters are dedicated to comparison of fluorescent lamps and LED moduls. Involving-photometrics parameters, luminous intensity, lumniance analysis and also economics comparison of lighting systems with fluorescent lamps versus the LED moduls.

Decreasing energy consumption has become increasingly important in recent times due to climate change. The average temperature is increasing across the planet, and with it, an increase in droughts and other climate disasters can be seen. There are multiple ways to decrease energy consummation, and one of them is to regulate the light in a building. Much research has been done on light control aiming at offices and workplaces using a close loop system. However, even if those solutions work in a home environment, other solutions could offer a better solution. One solution could be using an open-loop system that senses the ambient light and decides to control the light based on that. An open-loop system’s benefit is that it may not need a sensor for each area like the closed-loop system needs, but the performance of such a system is unknown. Therefore, this thesis takes it upon itself to explore the open-loop system and compare it to a closed-loop system. The goal of the thesis is to compare the performance of the two systems and discover what differs in terms of usability for end-use and development. The results of the thesis are that the performance of the open-loop system does lack in comparison with the closed-loop system, but it is still in a usable range and could likely be improved. The usability of the open-loop system is also worse in terms of the end-use and development. The open-loop system needs further steps and parts to work satisfyingly compared to the closed-loop system. Further research would have to be done to answer if the open-loop system could work with only one sensor and solve other problems. A few solutions are suggested, but further research would be required to raise the open-loop system to a proper working system accessible for end-use. / Minskand konsumtion av energi har blivit allt viktigare på senare tider, på grund av klimatförändringar. Medeltemperaturen ökar över hela planeten och med det en ökning av torka och andra klimatkatastrofer. Det finns flera sätt att minska energiförbrukningen, ett av dem är att reglera ljuset i en byggnad. En hel del forskning har gjorts inom ljusstyrning som huvudsakligen syftar till kontor och arbetsplatser som använder ett öppen återkopplingssystem, men även om dessa lösningar fungerar i en hemmiljö så skulle andra lösningar kunna erbjuda bättre lösningar. En lösning skulle kunna använda ett system med öppen återkoppling som känner av det omgivna ljuset och beslutar sig att styra ljuset utifrån detta. Fördelen med ett öppet system kan vara att den kanske inte behöver en sensor för varje område som den stängda åtterkopplinge behöver, men prestandan för ett sådant system är okänd. Denna avhandling ta på sig att utforska det öppna systemet och jämföra det med ett slutet återkopplingssystem. Målet med uppsatsen är att jämföra prestandan mellan de två systemen, samt upptäcka vad som skiljer sig åt när det gäller användbarhet för båda slutanvändning och utveckling. Resultaten av avhandlingen är att prestanda för öppna återkopplingssystem är sämre i jämförelse med det slutna återkopplingssystemet, men det är fortfarande inom ett användbart område och kan troligsvis förbättras. Användbarheten av det öppna systemet är också sämre både vad gäller slutanvändning och utveckling. Det öppna systemet behöver ytterligare steg och delar för att fungera på ett tillfredsställande sätt jämfört med det slutet system. Ytterligare forskning skulle behöva göras för att svara på om ett öppet återkopplingssystem skulle kunna fungera med endast en sensor och andra problem. Några lösningar föreslås i uppsatsen, men ytterligare forskning skulle behövas för att utveckla det öppna systemet till ett väl fungerande system som kan användas för slutanvändning.