Questo lavoro si concentra sul testo À la Recherche du temps perdu di Marcel Proust rintracciando e catalogando tutte le indicazioni cromatiche presenti nell’opera (aggettivi di colore, verbi, sostantivi di colore, ecc.). Considerando lo statuto del colore – fondamentalmente ambiguo – tra la fine del XIX secolo e l’inizio del XX (nella teoria scientifica, così come nella riflessione filosofica, psicologica e artistica), la tesi dimostra la presenza di svariate linee di forza (sovrapposte, contraddittorie, ambigue) nel trattamento del fenomeno “colore” all’interno del testo letterario. Infine, la tesi analizza come le occorrenze cromatiche del testo proustiano si legano a scelte stilistiche precise (ad esempio: strutture sintattiche parallele, sinestesie, participi e adjectifs verbaux, metonimie…), dal momento che il colore proustiano provoca nel testo uno scarto rispetto alla norma. / This work focuses on the text À la Recherche du temps perdu by Marcel Proust: it scans and classes all the chromatic references of the text (colour adjectives, colour verbs, colour nouns and so on). Considering the ambiguous status of colour between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th (in the scientific field, as well as in the philosophic, psychological and artistic domain), this theses shows the presence of contradictory trends of the use of colours inside a literary text. Finally, the work shows how the colour references in the Proustian text are linked to recurrent stylistic devices (parallelism of syntax constructions, use of synesthesias, use of present participles of verbs, use of metonymies…), confirming that the presence of colour in the artistic text causes a gap in comparison with the standard French syntax.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [584]-599).

Cette thèse est d’une approche ethnographique de la notion de l’acte de marcher et son application dans la danse, avec en particulier les pratiques créatives de la chorégraphe taiwanaise Lin Leechen林麗珍, issues de la pensée et de la culture chinoises. L’objectif principal est, d’une part, de saisir les caractéristiques de ce mouvement dans la danse et comment cette action de locomotion a inspiré les chorégraphes ; d’autre part, de connaître ses interprétations et ses valeurs dans le travail de Lin Leechen, ce qui se présente comme un exemple de cette problématique. La procédure utilisée est l’analyse de l’application de l’acte de marcher dans quatre formes de spectacles, dans des créations chorégraphiques contemporaines et dans les conceptions personneless des chorégraphes de notre époque. Pour atteindre l’objectif fixé, nous nous penchons d’abord sur les liens de ce geste avec l’ être humain, son corps et ses usages dans la vie quotidienne, puis sur la pratique de ce mouvement dansant et son interprétation dans des créations chorégraphiques et dans des entretiens de chorégraphes. Nous analysons enfin des entraînements à la marche de Lin Leechen et ses principes phrases chorégraphiques utilisant la marche dans sa trilogie de création : Jiào醮 (Miroirs de vie), Huā shénjì花神祭 (Hymne aux fleurs qui passent). Quān觀 (Chants de la destinée). / This thesis is the result of ethnographic research into the act of walking, its application in dance and practical implementation in the creations of Taiwanese choreographer Leechen Lin, which draw on Chinese philosophy and culture. The main objective is to understand how the movement is used in dance and how it inspires choreographers. It also explains how it is interpreted and its value in the work of Leechen Lin, presented as an illustration. The approach is to analyse the act of walking in four types of representation in contemporary choreography and from the personal perspective of contemporary choreographers. It first explores how human beings relate to walking in terms of their body and use in everyday life, and then how the movement is integrated into dance and interpreted in choreographers' creations and perspectives. Finally, it analyses Leechin Lin's coaching of walking and choreographic phrases in her trilogy.

ARAÚJO, Ana Maria Maurício. Análise das Práticas de Gestão Ambiental e seus Impactos sobre a Produtividade da Carcinicultura na Ceará. 2015. 77 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Programa de Pós-Graduação e Meio Ambiente, Fortaleza-CE, 2015. / Submitted by demia Maia (demiamlm@gmail.com) on 2016-04-04T16:48:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_ammaraujo.pdf: 1584388 bytes, checksum: e3bde066706a843b45134b14176a9a04 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by demia Maia(demiamlm@gmail.com) on 2016-04-04T16:51:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_ammaraujo.pdf: 1584388 bytes, checksum: e3bde066706a843b45134b14176a9a04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T16:51:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_ammaraujo.pdf: 1584388 bytes, checksum: e3bde066706a843b45134b14176a9a04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Shrimp farming has been consolidated as one of the most promising economic activities of the Northeast, where it has also been shown to be responsible for high negative impacts on the coastal environment. The research problem was to see how productivity is affected by the adoption of environmental management practices by analyzing the interaction between the productivity factor and other environmental management factors. To do so, we estimated the linear type regression analysis, to obtain a mathematical equation which quantify the relationship between productivity and other variables. The survey was conducted in 60 shrimp farms located in Ceará, on farms intended only for fattening phase. Were raised environmental management practices adopted by producers and created management indices,where these indices were aggregated into a single index that along with the variables that describe the productive characteristics and location of the farms originated econometric linlog semi-logarithmic models. Regression analysis showed that the yield is better explained by the storage density, intensive production system periodic servicing. Environmental management is not configured as a factor that influences productivity, justifying the low level of environmental management by shrimp farmers. / A carcinicultura vem se consolidando como uma das mais promissoras atividades econômicas da Região Nordeste, onde também tem sido apresentada como responsável por elevados impactos negativos sobre o ambiente costeiro. O problema da pesquisa consistiu em verificar como a produtividade é afetada pela adoção de práticas de gestão ambiental, através da análise da interação entre o fator produtividade e os outros fatores de gestão ambiental. Para isto, estimou-se uma análise de regressão do tipo linear, para obter uma equação matemática que quantificasse o relacionamento entre produtividade e outras variáveis. A pesquisa foi realizada em 60 fazendas de carcinicultura localizadas no Ceará, em fazendas destinadas somente à fase de engorda. Foram levantadas as práticas de gestão ambiental adotadas pelos produtores e criados índices de manejo, onde estes índices foram agregados em um único índice que juntamente com as variáveis que descrevem as características produtivas e de localização das fazendas originou modelos econométricos semi-logarítmicos lin-log. A análise de regressão mostrou que a produtividade é melhor explicada pela densidade de estocagem, sistema de produção intensivo a assistência técnica periódica. A gestão ambiental não se configura como um fator que influencie a produtividade, justificando o baixo nível de gestão ambiental pelos carcinicultores.

Afin de prolonger leur durée de vie et d'assurer la sécurité des usagers, les structures en béton peuvent nécessiter un renforcement au cours de leur durée de service. La technique de renforcement par collage externe, en surface, de composites renforcés de fibres de carbone, de verre ou d'aramide à l'aide de résines durcissant à température ambiante est largement employée pour son efficacité et sa facilité de mise oeuvre. Toutefois l'utilisation à la fois de fibres synthétiques et de matrices polymères produit un impact écologique non négligeable. L'objectif de ce travail de recherche est d'examiner la possibilité d'utiliser des fibres de lin pour le renforcement externe de structures en béton. Les propriétés mécaniques spécifiques et le bilan environnemental avantageux des fibres de lin en font une alternative intéressante aux fibres de verre. Cependant leur origine naturelle conduit à une plus grande variabilité des propriétés, à un comportement en traction non linéaire et une sensibilité accrue à l'humidité. Les principaux objectifs du travail de thèse portent ainsi sur la sélection des matériaux et la mise en oeuvre les plus adaptés, sur l'évaluation des performances du matériau et de son adhérence au support béton et sur une évaluation de la durabilité des propriétés du système. Dans une première partie expérimentale deux méthodes de mise en oeuvre du renfort à fibres de lin (stratification au contact et collage de lamelles rigides) sont développées et caractérisées. Des observations tomographies X confirment la bonne imprégnation des fibres et la cohésion des composites. Les essais de traction révèlent un comportement en traction bilinéaire comme décrit dans la littérature, avec des propriétés d'effort par largeur de bande comparables aux composites de renfort à fibres de verre. La caractérisation des interfaces composite/béton menée par tests de cisaillement à double recouvrement confirme une bonne adhérence qui se traduit par une rupture cohésive dans le substrat béton. La nature des fibres ne semble pas influencer le comportement de l'interface. Les systèmes de renforcement à fibres de lin sont donc capables de reprendre des efforts transmis par cisaillement de façon comparable aux matériaux de renfort à fibres de verre. Dans une deuxième partie des essais exploratoires de durabilité ont ensuite été menés pour vérifier la pérennité des propriétés de ces deux composites de renfort dans un environnement de service. Un vieillissement accéléré artificiel en enceinte climatique est mis en place tandis que des composites à fibres de lin stratifié au contact sont exposés pendant un an à l'environnement extérieur. Un second vieillissement hygrothermique à 70°C est mené pendant 4 semaines. Les dégradations des propriétés des composites à fibres de lin sont comparables à celles de certains composites de renfort à fibres de verre. Malgré la nature hydrophile des fibres de lin, les premiers essais ne montrent pas de dégradations des propriétés qui rendraient le composite impropre à une utilisation comme renfort extérieur de structures en béton / To extend their life and ensure the safety of users, concrete structures may need strengthening during their service life. The technique of strengthening by external bonding of composites carbon, glass or aramid composites using polymer that are cured at room temperature is widely used for its effectiveness and ease of implementation. Yet the uses of both synthetic fibers and polymer matrices have a significant environmental impact. The objective of this research is to examine the possibility of using flax fibers for the external strengthening of concrete structures. Their high specific mechanical properties and positive environmental balance make them an interesting alternative to the glass fibers. However, they also present a larger variability in properties, a non-linear tensile behavior and high sensitivity to humidity. The main objectives of this thesis involve the selection of the materials and the most suitable implementation, the evaluation of the materials’ performances and adherence to concrete support and a sustainability assessment of those properties. In a first experimental section, two methods of implementation of the flax fiber reinforcement are developed and characterized: by wet lay-up and by bonding of pre-hardened. Tomography observations confirm the good fiber impregnation and cohesion of the composites. The tensile tests show a bilinear tensile behavior as described in the literature, with stress per width at failure comparable to glass fibres strengthening systems. The characterization of composite/concrete interfaces is conducted by double overlap shear tests and confirms a good adhesion which results in concrete failure before the failure of the reinforcement system. The nature of the fibers does not appear to influence the shear behavior of the interface. For glass or flax wet lay-up systems, failure can occur with failure of the composite. Flax fiber reinforcement systems can take up the forces transmitted by shear in a manner comparable to glass composites. In the second part, sustainability tests were conducted to ensure the sustainability of the properties of these two composite reinforcements in a service environment. An artificial accelerated aging test in a climatic chamber is set up while wet lay-up flax fiber composites are exposed to the external environment during a year. A second hydrothermal aging test is conducted for 4 weeks at 70°C. The degradations of the properties of the flax composites are comparable to those of some glass reinforcement composites. Despite the hydrophilic nature of the flax fibers the first tests show no degradation of properties that would make the composite unsuitable for an external reinforcement of concrete structures

La tesi tratta l’approccio didattico CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), il quale rappresenta la metodologia che meglio favorisce lo sviluppo del plurilinguismo in tutti i Paesi europei. In particolare, viene presentata una analisi dell’insegnamento CLIL come proposta didattica incentrata sulla figura dell’apprendente, e viene delineato il profilo del docente, che deve essere a conoscenza delle abilità, difficoltà ed esigenze dei propri allievi per poter pianificare percorsi CLIL efficaci. A una analisi del quadro teorico di riferimento, delle metodologie didattiche che favoriscono la partecipazione attiva dell’apprendente all’intervento didattico (il lavoro di gruppo è da preferire, ad esempio, alla lezione frontale) e degli strumenti di supporto all’apprendimento integrato, segue una focalizzazione sulla presenza di percorsi didattici CLIL in lingua tedesca nelle scuole secondarie di secondo grado italiane. Vengono poi presentati gli obiettivi e le modalità di svolgimento che hanno caratterizzato un’indagine empirica condotta presso alcuni licei lombardi la cui offerta formativa prevede il CLIL in tedesco. I dati raccolti sono stati analizzati, commentati e confrontati con la teoria di riferimento, e ciò ha permesso di far emergere quali sono le modalità di insegnamento CLIL in tedesco più efficaci in quanto meglio coinvolgono il profilo dell’apprendente e rispondono alle sue esigenze. Il lavoro rappresenta un contributo ai docenti che si apprestano alla pianificazione di percorsi didattici CLIL in lingua tedesca nella scuola italiana. / This thesis examines the didactic approach CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), which is the methodology that best supports the development of multilingualism in all European countries. In particular, the thesis presents an analysis of CLIL teaching as a didactic proposal, focused on the learner, and outlines the profile of the teacher, who must be aware of the skills, difficulties and needs of their students in order to plan effective CLIL courses. In addition to an analysis of the theoretical framework of reference, of the teaching methodologies that support the active participation of the learner in the teaching intervention (group work is preferable, for example, to frontal lessons) and of the tools to support integrated learning , there will be a focus on the presence of CLIL didactic courses in the German language in Italian secondary schools. The thesis will then describe the objectives and methods of performance that characterized an empirical investigation carried out at some secondary schools in Lombardy where CLIL in German is part of the curriculum. The collected data are analyzed, commented on and measured against the theoretical framework of reference, and this makes it possible to highlight which are the most effective CLIL teaching methods in German, i.e. those which best involve the learner's profile and meet their needs. This work represents a resource for teachers who are preparing to plan CLIL didactic courses in German in Italian schools.

The presence of electrical and electronic circuits in commercial trucks has increased at a very fast rate during recent decades. With advancements in embedded systems and the introduction of electric controls in the automotive industry, the design of complex electric systems for the vehicles has become one of the major design challenges. In the commercial truck industry, the development cycles are almost a decade long. Therefore, it is a big challenge to introduce a new architecture to accommodate the modern automotive technologies in the upcoming generation of trucks. Currently, the commercial truck industry relies highly on a federated electrical/electronic (E/E) architecture. In this architecture, Electronic Control Units (ECU) are responsible for computation and Input/Output operations. These ECUs are clustered into different domains based on their respective functions. However, these domains are not isolated from each other. These modules communicate with each other using a vehicular network, which is typically a controller area network in the current trucks. In the automotive industry, automation is increasing at a fast pace. As the level of automation increases, the need for high computation also increases, which increases the overall costs. This study aims to address this problem by introducing an integrated E/E architecture where all the computational power is concentrated at one place (or perhaps two or three places to allow for redundancy). This study proposes to introduce a lowcost replacement for the current ECUs with more limited computational power but with generic input/output interfaces. This thesis provides the reader with some background of the current E/E architecture of commercial trucks and introduces the reader to ECUs. Additionally, the relevant network architectures and protocols are explained. A potential solution, based upon the centralized computation based E/E architecture and its implementation are discussed followed by a detailed analysis of the replacements for ECUs. The result of this analysis, if adopted, should result in a reduction of manufacturing and design costs, as well as make the production and maintenance process easier. Moreover, this should also have environmental benefits by reducing fuel consumption. / Förekomsten av elektronik och elektriska kretsar I kommersiella lastbilar has ökat i en väldigt snabb takt under de senaste decennierna. Med framsteg inom inbyggda system och introduktionen av elektroniska styrsystem i fordonsindustrin så har komplexa elektroniska system blivit en av de största designutmaningarna. I den kommersiella lastbilsindustrin där utvecklingscyklerna är nästan ett decennium, är det en stor utmaning att introducera ny arkitektur som tillgodoser all den nya teknologin som införlivas i fordonet. För närvarande så förlitar sig den kommersiella lastbilsindustrin mycket på en federated elektrisk/elektronisk (E/E) arkitektur. I denna arkitektur är elektroniska styrenheter (ECU) ansvariga för beräkningar och I/O (Input/Output) operationer. Dessa ECU:er är samlade i olika domäner baserade på dess funktioner. Domänerna är dock inte isolerade från varandra. De här modulerna kommunicerar därför med varandra med hjälp av ett fordonsnätverk, typiskt en CAN (Controller Area Network) i nuvarande lastbilar. I fordonsindustrin ökar automatiseringen i en snabb fart. I takt med att automatiseringen ökar så ökar även behovet av snabba och energiintensiva beräkningar, vilket i sin tur ökar den totala kostnaden. Denna studie har som mål att adressera det här problemet genom att introducera en integrated E/E arkitektur där all beräkningskraft är koncentrerad till en plats (eller två eller tre platser för att tillåta överskott). Den här studien föreslår att introducera en ersättning av nuvarande ECU:er till en låg kostnad, med lägre beräkningskraft och generiska I/O gränssnitt. Studien föreslår också ersättningar av nuvarande fordonsnätverk. Den här uppsatsen förser läsaren med viss bakgrund till den nuvarande E/E arkitekturen för kommersiella lastbilar och introducerar läsaren till ECU:er. Dessutom förklaras de relevanta nätverksarkitekturerna och protokollen. En potentiell lösning som baseras på den integrated E/E arkitekturen och dess implementering diskuteras med fokus på en detaljerad analys av ersättningarna till ECU:er. Resultatet av den här analysen skulle, om den adopteras, medföra minskning av tillverknings- och designkostnader samt leda till en förenkling av produktion och underhåll. Utöver det så bör det även ha miljöfördelar genom minskad bränsleförbrukning.

Les matériaux composites sont utilisés dans beaucoup de domaines pour leurs propriétés mécaniques spécifiques, leur mise en forme facile et leur bas coût. Cependant, lorsque les composites pétro-sourcées sont en fin de vie, le traitement des déchets a un fort impact environnemental. C’est pour cette raison que les industriels se tournent vers des matériaux bio-sourcés. Ils souhaitent ainsi abaisser le coût des matières premières mais aussi se donner une image plus « verte » grâce à l’utilisation de matériaux renouvelables et/ou compostables. Le projet présenté s’inscrit dans dans cette optique où il est question d’élaborer de nouveaux composites à renfort et matrices bio-sourcés et tout particulièrement des composites fibre de lin/acide polylactique (PLA). Ces derniers sont généralement appelés bio-composites. L’originalité de cette étude réside dans le traitement des fibres de lin afin de les compatibilité avec la matrice PLA. Le traitement consiste au greffage de dioxyde de titane sur la surface de fibres de lin fonctionnalisée par oxydation au TEMPO. Ces fibres longues sont ensuite utilisées comme renfort sous forme de tissu unidirectionnel dans la matrice PLA. Le comportement mécanique en traction, flexion et la résistance à l’impact de ces biocomposites sont étudiés afin d’analyser l’influence du traitement des fibres sur leur performances.

<p>Problem koji obrađuje ova disertacija je definisanje modela primene<br />lin sistema u maloprodaji trajnih potrošnih dobara sa naglaskom na<br />optimizaciji primarnih aktivnosti tj. toka proizvoda od dobavljača do<br />krajnjeg potrošača. Osnovna ideja je definisanje modela primene lin-<br />a u poslovnim procesima kod proizvoda čija je tražnja stabilna i<br />predvidiva i često se prodaju sa lagera u maloprodaji, pa sve do<br />proizvoda sa dijametralnom logikom koji se prodaju putem porudžbine,<br />bez zaliha u maloprodaji tj. onih proizvoda gde je tražnja daleko<br />neizvesnija, a asortiman širok. Veoma važan faktor koji je deo ovog<br />modela jeste uticaj povećanja znanja zaposlenih o lin alatima i<br />kulturi u samoj organizaciji.</p> / <p>The subject of this disertation is how to define model of lean system<br />application in durable goods retail with the focus on optimisation of primary<br />activities i.e. product flow from suppliers till customers. The basic idea is to<br />define model of lean application in the processes of the products with stable<br />and predictable demand that are offered from shop stock, till the products<br />with the oposite logic that are sold from samples and catalogues, without<br />stock in retail, and where demand is highly unpredictable and assortment<br />wide and variable. Very important factor which is part of this model is how to<br />increase knowledge and acceptance of lean tools and culture within the<br />organisation.</p>

In 1962, very few people within the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) had ever heard of Lei Feng, a young soldier who died in a tragic accident while driving a truck for the People's Liberation Army. The following year, his name was known throughout China as one of the finest young soldiers that the country had ever produced. In years to come, his diary was put in the hands of everyone from school children to soldiers to serve as a model for the ideal Chinese citizen. Furthermore, as Chinese culture evolved, so did the Lei Feng image, changing from citizen-soldier in 1963 to socialist entrepreneur after 1978. This study's focus is how Lei Feng has become not only a model Chinese citizen-soldier and entrepreneur, but a successful example to fellow nations of how they, too, could mold the ideals of their citizens for generations to come.