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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
271

Factors influencing algal blooms on tropical reefs with an emphasis on herbivory, nutrients and invasive species

Smith, Jennifer E., January 2003 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.
272

Turf algal/sediment (TAS) mats a chronic stressor on scleractinian corals in Akumal, México /

Roy, Roshan Elizabeth Ann, Theriot, Edward C., Lang, Judith C. January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2004. / Supervisors: Edward C. Theriot and Judith C. Lang. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
273

Coral reefs and climate change in the Indian ocean : a case study of Watamu Marine National Park, Kenya and other Indian Ocean locations

Cowburn, Benjamin January 2015 (has links)
Coral reefs are arguably the most threatened marine habitat because of multiple anthropogenic stressors degrading the health and resilience of these systems. In the past 20 years there have been increasing observations of mass coral bleaching and mortality associated with increasing water temperatures in the tropics. Reefs provide ecosystem services worth billions of dollars to people living in tropical coastal areas and are the architects of one of the most beautiful structures found on earth. Conserving these habitats is paramount, and conservation planning must contend with climate change along with local and regional stressors. In this thesis Watamu Marine National Park in Kenya is used as a case study of the current challenges facing the conservation of reefs in a warming world. The Western Indian Ocean suffered dramatic bleaching during 1998, which caused the mortality of 70% of Watamu's corals. Using datasets from the 1980s to present the historical trajectory of Watamu's reef community is presented. The current ecosystem resilience is assessed to suggest how this reef will respond to future climate stress. It appears that Watamu's coral community has remained in an altered state post-1998, which, based on its past thermal stress and current coral community, should be resistant to future bleaching. Watamu's resilience and reef health is compared with other locations in the Indian Ocean, including reefs in Kenya and the Maldives that bleached in 1998 and examples from Mozambique and Sumatra of reefs with little evidence of historical thermal stress. Resilience is a multi-faceted process with different major components and numerous interacting factors, which act synergistically on the reef community. Conservation options and opportunities are discussed for the 6 locations examined, using current resilience models and theory as a framework for identifying priority actions. Local and regional-scale human impacts on shallow marine habitats during the last 50 years has been dramatic, and with global-scale climate change as an additional major threat, the next 50 years will be critical for the future of reefs. The locations visited during this study showed encouraging signs of resilience to past thermal stress, with evidence to suggest that corals are acclimatising and/or adapting to increasing water temperatures. The future of reefs in locations like Watamu is uncertain. Better understanding of reef ecology, appropriate conservation techniques and ultimately greater public concern for reefs is required to ensure that there is a future for these ecosystems in the Indian Ocean.
274

Case studies in coral restoration: assessing life history and longterm survival patterns in restoration outplants of Acropora cervicornis (Staghorn Coral) and Acropora palmata (Elkhorn Coral) in the Florida Keys and Belize

Garfield, Eliza Newell 23 November 2016 (has links)
This thesis is composed of two articles. The first is an analysis of long-term survival among A. cervicornis outplants in the Florida Keys, from 2007 to the present. The second is a review of literature that informs coral restoration and guides both restoration practitioners and coral researchers towards greater effectiveness in outplant survival and understanding biological processes involved in restoration. In the first article, despite promising initial evidence of outplant survival and health, the long-term results, using Weibull survival analysis, are discouraging with almost all out planted corals over an 8 year long study exhibiting steep declines in percent live tissue and survival between three and five years. Not only is this 3-5 year collapse apparent in all the outplanted cohorts, but the evidence is highly significant that the length of outplant survival is decreasing with each passing year (diminished resilience). These findings suggest that some shared, likely environmental factor, is increasingly impacting all outplants. Further, no cohorts appear to adapt to the environmental conditions in which these declines are occurring (diminished adaptive capacity), a trend that would be evident if their declines slowed or reversed and Weibull beta-parameterization would show. The second article, reviews several areas of recent study which offer avenues for future research: these include, ecological history and biogeography, developmental pathways of colonial form and function, polarity and symmetry, genetics, wound healing, fecundity, reproduction, sexual maturity and community interactions. The thesis concludes with questions for further research and understanding in the field of coral restoration.
275

Effects of heat stress and local human disturbance on the structure of coral reef ecosystems at multiple scales of biological organization

Magel, Jennifer 04 January 2019 (has links)
The world’s coral reefs are being impacted by myriad disturbances, from localized overfishing and nutrient pollution to global climate change-induced temperature increases and ocean acidification. Conservation of coral reefs in the face of increasing variability and uncertainty requires an understanding of the interacting effects of multiple stressors on the diverse components of these vital ecosystems. In this thesis, I use data from reefs around Kiritimati atoll (Republic of Kiribati) in the central equatorial Pacific Ocean to examine the effects of a severe pulse heat stress event and local human disturbance on two important components of the coral reef ecosystem – three-dimensional (3D) structural complexity and reef fish assemblages. Using 3D reef models constructed through structure-from-motion photogrammetry, I examined changes in reef structural complexity in the year following the 2015-2016 El Niño and mass coral bleaching event. I found that exposure to prolonged thermal stress and subsequent coral mortality resulted in declines in reef structural complexity, particularly reef surface rugosity and terrain ruggedness. Baseline levels of structural complexity were also negatively influenced by local human disturbance, while complexity was positively related to the densities of branching and massive coral growth forms. These findings have important implications for the maintenance of healthy reef ecosystems, as high levels of structural complexity are important for supporting diverse reef-associated fish assemblages. Next, using underwater visual censuses of reef fish assemblages, I quantified fish abundance, biomass, species richness, and assemblage structure before, during, and after the 2015-2016 El Niño. Total reef fish abundance, biomass, and species richness declined during the El Niño, suggesting that pulse heat stress events may have short-term, negative consequences for reef fish. Although these metrics did not vary substantially across the local human disturbance gradient, recovery of assemblages following the heat stress event was impeded by higher levels of local human disturbance. Reef fish assemblage structure was influenced by a more diverse array of factors, showing significant shifts in response to heat stress, human disturbance, and net primary productivity. Given the many important roles that fish play on coral reefs, declines such as those observed here may impair the ecological functioning of these ecosystems. Together, my results highlight the negative impacts of heat stress and local human disturbance on coral reefs, demonstrating ways in which these stressors may interact to limit reef resilience in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures. / Graduate / 2019-12-07
276

Recifes de Corais da Baia de Todos os Santos, Caracterização, Avaliação e Identificação de Áreas Prioritárias para Conservação Salvador

Cruz, Igor Cristino Silva 22 August 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Mendes Eduardo (dasilva@ufba.br) on 2013-08-20T18:41:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cruz _ Igor CS Dissertação 2008.pdf: 2605256 bytes, checksum: 709a03b369d823217748672c12eec219 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alda Lima da Silva(sivalda@ufba.br) on 2013-08-22T22:40:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Cruz _ Igor CS Dissertação 2008.pdf: 2605256 bytes, checksum: 709a03b369d823217748672c12eec219 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T22:40:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cruz _ Igor CS Dissertação 2008.pdf: 2605256 bytes, checksum: 709a03b369d823217748672c12eec219 (MD5) / Fapesb / A Baía de Todos os Santos integra uma Área de Proteção Ambiental que pode viabilizar a conservação de dois grupos de recifes de corais da região de maior biodiversidade do Atlântico Sul. Entretanto, esta unidade de conservação não possui um plano de manejo, tendo efetividade nula sobre os recifes e os demais ecossistemas. Estes recifes encontram em diferentes condições de hidrodinâmica e efeitos antrópicos. Uma série de impactos humanos foi registrada nesta baía, tornando urgente a adoção de medidas que assegurem sua conservação. Este trabalho tem como objetivo fornecer informações que subsidiem a elaboração deste plano de manejo sugerindo locais para criação de áreas intangíveis. Para isso, verificou-se a diferença ente os dois grupos de recifes quanto à comunidade bentônica e a comunidade de coral. Posteriormente foram identificados quais são os recifes com maior relevância para conservação com base em indicadores de integridade ambiental, resiliência e riqueza de espécies. Os resultados indicam que os recifes externos e internos são distintos. Isto demonstra a necessidade de criação de áreas intagiveis distintas para os dois grupos de recifes, garantindo assim a conservação de suas peculiaridades. Sete das 23 estações apresentaram relevância para conservação, com três representantes dos recifes externos e quatro dos internos. O método utilizado mostrou-se eficiente para a escolha de áreas de relevância para a conservação de recifes de corais. Entretanto, para a efetividade da conservação destes ambientes é necessário, além da criação de duas áreas intangíveis, a eliminação de dois problemas, a pesca predatória e a qualidade da água desta baía. / Salvador, Bahia
277

Um projeto de educação musical e de canto coral na UFC: O protagonismo pedagógico de Izaíra Silvino / Un projet d'éducation musicale et chant choral à l'UFC: Le protagonisme pédagogique de Izaíra Silvino

SILVA, Eduardo Teixeira da January 2012 (has links)
SILVA, Eduardo Teixeira da. Um projeto de educação musical e de canto coral na UFC: O protagonismo pedagógico de Izaíra Silvino. 2012. 197f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2012. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-02-25T17:21:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012-DIS-ETSILVA.pdf: 5425716 bytes, checksum: 8c6aa23836dd0cc6a10d0955a2a754d9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-02-25T17:51:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2012-DIS-ETSILVA.pdf: 5425716 bytes, checksum: 8c6aa23836dd0cc6a10d0955a2a754d9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-25T17:51:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012-DIS-ETSILVA.pdf: 5425716 bytes, checksum: 8c6aa23836dd0cc6a10d0955a2a754d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Este trabalho de pesquisa buscou desvelar como Izaíra Silvino Moraes concebeu um projeto educativo musical na Universidade Federal do Ceará a partir de sua atuação a frente do Coral da UFC durante os anos 1980, sendo de fundamental importância o enfoque da história de vida da Maestrina para revelar como a sua trajetória formativa foi constituindo sua visão pedagógico-musical, que contribuiu para o processo de institucionalização da Música como saber-fazer acadêmico na Universidade, deixando ressonâncias nos projetos dos cursos ou na política de formação de professores de Música que atualmente existe no curso de Música – Licenciatura da UFC. Assim, focaremos a “luz” em Izaíra (a destacando como protagonista) para iluminarmos parte da história da Educação Musical na UFC. Para alcançar esse objetivo de estudo elegemos a História Oral como a metodologia básica para a realização desta pesquisa, utilizando a entrevista semi-estruturada como o principal procedimento para a coleta e produção dos dados a serem analisados e apresentados. Dessa maneira, esta investigação propôs uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa exploratória e do tipo estudo de caso, pois enfoca a trajetória de formação e fazer musical de Izaíra Silvino a partir da narrativa de sua história de vida, na qual é destacada a sua atuação (prática musical educativa) junto ao Coral da UFC, que constituí a temática de interesse pesquisada. O referencial teórico contou com as contribuições de Larrosa (2002), Tardif (2010), Adorno (1995), Freire (1979, 2002), adotando o conceito de experiência como um termo chave para descrever e discutir a formação humana-estética-pedagógica-política de Izaíra, compreendendo a experiência, a partir das leituras dos autores citados, como um momento de construção de sentidos que constituem fazeres e saberes ao sujeito que a vive. / Cette recherche a voulu dévoiler comment Izaíra Silvino Moraes a conçu un projet éducatif de musique à l'Université Fédérale de Ceará, selon sa performance devant le chœur de l'UFC au cours des années 1980, étant d'une importance fondamentale l'approche de son histoire de vie comme Maestrina pour révéler comment sa carrière formative a construit sa vision pédagogique et musicale laquelle a contribué au processus d'institutionnalisation de la musique comme savoir-faire académique à l'Université laissant des résonances dans les projets des cours ou dans la politique de formation des enseignants qui actuellement suivent la licence en musique à l'UFC. Ainsi, nous allons nous concentrer sur la « lumière » chez Izaíra ( en la mettant en évidence comme protagoniste) pour éclairer une partie de l'histoire de l'éducation musicale à l'UFC. Pour atteindre cet objectif d’étude, nous avons élu l’histoire orale comme méthodologie de base pour la réalisation de cette recherche à l'aide d'entrevues semi-structurées comme la procédure principale pour le prélèvement et la production des données lesquelles seront analysées et présentées. Ainsi, ce travail a proposé une recherche qualitative exploratoire étant une étude de cas, car il met l'accent sur la trajectoire de la formation et sur la façon par laquelle Izaíra Silvino fait de la musique selon la narration de son histoire de vie dans laquelle est mise en relief sa perfomence (pratique de l'enseignement de la musique) auprès du chœur de l'UFC, le sujet d'intérêt de la recherche. Les bases théoriques ont eu les contributions de Larrosa (2002), Tardif (2010), Adorno (1995) et Freire (1979, 2002), en adoptant le concept d'expérience comme une notion-clé pour décrire et discuter la formation humaine, esthétique, éducative et politique d’Izaíra, en analysant son vécu à partir de la lecture des auteurs cités comme un moment de la construction de significations qui constituent des pratiques et des connaissances pour celui qui les éprouve.
278

Caracterização farmacológica de efeito antinociceptivo do veneno de Micrurus lemniscatus (coral-verdadeira) / Caracterização farmacológica de efeito antinociceptivo do veneno de Micrurus lemniscatus (coral-verdadeira)

Santos, Gisele Graça Leite dos January 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio (fiscina@bahia.fiocruz.br) on 2012-07-19T20:38:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gisele Graça Leite dos Santos Caracterização farmacológica do efeito....pdf: 994611 bytes, checksum: 83e98f6a9587974ce37d04473a121969 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-19T20:38:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gisele Graça Leite dos Santos Caracterização farmacológica do efeito....pdf: 994611 bytes, checksum: 83e98f6a9587974ce37d04473a121969 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, Bahia, Brasil / Os componentes dos venenos das serpentes constituem ferramentas farmacológicas e biotecnológicas relevantes. Recentemente, seu potencial terapêutico tem sido demonstrado; podendo representar a base para o desenvolvimento de medicamentos para o controle da dor. A ausência de dor local, mesmo na presença de edema e inflamação, sugere a presença de componente analgésico no veneno de serpentes do gênero Micrurus. Para investigar essa hipótese, no presente trabalho investigamos a atividade antinociceptiva do veneno de Micrurus lemniscatus em modelos experimentais de dor. Em um teste de triagem para antinocicepção, no teste de contorções abdominais, a administração oral do veneno (19,7 - 1600 μg/kg) produziu efeito antinociceptivo significativo. Confirmando essa atividade, o veneno (1600 μg/kg) inibiu as duas fases do teste de formalina, indicando que um mecanismo central pode estar envolvido na antinocicepção. A participação de um componente central foi confirmada no teste de retirada da cauda no qual o veneno (59 - 1600 μg/kg) produziu efeito antinociceptivo dose-dependente. Neste teste, a dose de 1600 μg/kg produziu efeito antinociceptivo mais potente e duradouro que o efeito da morfina, analgésico considerado padrão ouro. Validando essa antinocicepção, a administração do veneno (1600 μg/kg) não provocou comprometimento motor nos testes de rota-rod e campo aberto. Em outra série de experimentos, os mecanismos envolvidos na atividade antinociceptiva do veneno foram investigados com a utilização de antagonistas farmacológicos de receptores opióides. O efeito antinociceptivo do veneno foi prevenido pela naloxona, antagonista opióide não-seletivo, sugerindo a mediação pelo sistema opióide. Em adição, o pré-tratamento com o antagonista de receptor  opióide (CTOP; 1 mg/kg) preveniu completamente o efeito antinociceptivo do veneno. O pré-tratamento com antagonista de receptor k opióide (nor-BNI; 0,5 mg/kg) ou δ opióide (naltrindole; 3 mg/kg) reduziu parcialmente o efeito antinociceptivo desse veneno. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o veneno de M. lemniscatus apresenta potente efeito antinociceptivo mediado pelo sistema opióide, sobretudo por receptores do tipo . Estudos complementares devem ser realizados para melhor elucidar o mecanismo de ação e o(s) constituinte(s) do veneno envolvido(s) em sua ação antinociceptiva. / The components of snake venom are important pharmacological and biotechnology tools. Recently, their therapeutic potential has been demonstrated; which may represent the basis for the development of drugs for pain control. The absence of local pain, even in the presence of edema and inflammation, suggests the presence of an analgesic component in the snake venom of the genus Micrurus. In order to investigate this hypothesis, we studied the antinociceptive activity of Micrurus lemniscatus venom in experimental models of pain. In a screening test for antinociception, the writhing test, oral administration of venom (19,7 - 1600 μg/kg) produced significant antinociceptive effect. Confirming this activity, the venom (1600 μg/kg) inhibited both phases of the formalin test, indicating that a central mechanism may be involved in antinociception. The participation of a central component was confirmed in the tail-flick test, in which the venom (59 - 1600 μg/kg) produced dose-dependent antinociceptive effect. In this test, the dose of 1600 μg/kg produced a more potent and long lasting antinociceptive effect than the one related to morphine, an analgesic considered the gold standard. Corroborating these results, administration of venom (1600 μg/kg) did not cause motor impairment in the rota-rod and open field tests. In another series of experiments, the mechanisms involved in the venom antinociceptive activity were investigated through the use of pharmacological antagonists of opioid receptors. The venom antinociceptive effect was prevented by naloxone, a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist, suggesting mediation by the opioid system. In addition, pretreatment with a  opioid receptor antagonist (CTOP, 1 mg/kg) completely prevented the venom antinociceptive effect. On the other hand, pretreatment with k opioid receptor antagonist (nor-BNI, 0,5 mg/kg) or δ opioid receptor antagonist (naltrindole; 3 mg/kg) partially reduced the venom antinociception. The present results show that the venom of M. lemniscatus has potent antinociceptive effect mediated by the opioid system, especially by the receptor . Further studies should be conducted to better elucidate the mechanism of action of this venom and its component(s), which are involved in its antinociception.
279

Coro Infanto-juvenil nos grupos corais do Projeto Guri (Regional Ribeirão Preto): repertório e formação do regente (educador musical)

Paziani, Juliana Damaris de Santana [UNESP] 17 July 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-13T13:27:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-07-17. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-01-13T13:31:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000855980.pdf: 14144212 bytes, checksum: a4a5cb0c448c09f5a18dee89a12eff3d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Neste presente trabalho pretendeu-se realizar a pesquisa do repertório estudado por dezoito corais Infanto-Juvenis do Projeto Guri (Regional Ribeirão). O objetivo foi conhecer estes repertórios e examiná-los com a finalidade de observar suas caraterísticas composicionais, extensão vocal, os idiomas e o tipo de repertório em seus diversos gêneros e estilos musicais, analisando se eram adequados à faixa etária em que foram aplicados. Com a metodologia adotada Análise de Conteúdo, os documentos foram coletados, categorizados, descritos e analisados. A quantidade de documentos coletados foi de 431 itens que compreendem partituras, letras de músicas e letras de músicas com indicações de harmonia. A partir dos resultados deste mapeamento houve uma reflexão acerca da necessidade de ampliação deste repertório por meio do despertar dos sentidos, para que os estudantes pudessem ter contato com uma maior diversidade musical e assim, ampliassem também suas experiências artísticas. / The present work carried out our intention to perform the search of the repertoire studied by eighteen Children-Young choirs of the Guri Project (in the area of Ribeirao Preto city). The goal was to get to know their repertoires and examine them in order to observe their compositional characteristics, vocal range, languages and the kind of repertoire in its various genres and musical styles, analyzing their suitability to the age in which they were applied. The methodology adopted was a Content Analysis, in which we collected, categorized, described and analyzed the documents. The amount of collected data was about 431 items, which included musical scores, song lyrics and lyrics with harmony indications. According to the results of this study, we proposed a thought on the need of expanding such repertoire through the awakening of the singer senses, so that the students could be in contact with more musical diversity and, then, also expand their artistic experiences.
280

A prática coral juvenil transitando em ambientes formais e não formais: perspectivas aplicadas à educação musical

Daroz, Irandi Fernando [UNESP] 30 April 2014 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-10T11:09:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-04-30Bitstream added on 2014-11-10T11:57:37Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000795456.pdf: 2640420 bytes, checksum: a58739aae1a1c938df8b0938f723ea44 (MD5) / Das práticas artísticas coletivas, a música ocupa um papel de destaque, pois ela está presente entre os jovens em termos autobiográficos constituindo-se um poderoso instrumento de comunicação. Este estudo parte da necessidade de entender as culturas juvenis e seus modos de representação, principalmente no que se refere à escuta musical, de modo que esta preocupação possa indicar formas mais atrativas da prática do canto coral com jovens. Destacamos a importância desta prática como possibilidade de resgatar valores humanos quanto à sensibilidade, subjetividade e afetividade em contraposição aos problemas enfrentados atualmente pela sociedade quanto à alienação promovida pela mídia e pela indústria cultural, que muitas vezes ressaltam o que é superficial e passageiro em detrimento de relações mais profundas e permanentes da música como lazer ativo, capaz de promover experiências estéticas importantes, desencadear processos criativos e estimular aspectos de fruição. Para tanto nos reportamos à “Sociosofia” do cotidiano, desvelada nas teorias de José Machado Pais, Michel Maffesoli, Giles Deleuze, Félix Guattari e Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. Destacamos ainda a prática coral juvenil como instrumento eficaz e acessível à Educação Musical na perspectiva de entender como dar-se-ia a inserção desta atividade em ambiente escolar. Consideramos a importância de centralizar o processo de aprendizagem no conhecimento musical do aluno/cantor para que sejam delineadas estratégias de intervenção que possam expandir essas referências por um processo de ressignificação da memória musical, promovendo diálogo entre as culturas popular e erudita. Nesta perspectiva foi imprescindível caracterizar o trabalho do regente coral transitando em ambientes formais (na escola), não formais ou informais (fora da escola) para identificar particularidades e condutas profissionais ajustadas ... / Among the collective artistic practices, music plays an important role because it is present among youth in autobiographical terms constituting a powerful communication tool. This study stems from the need to understand youth cultures and their modes of representation, especially in regard to music listening, so this concern may indicate more attractive forms of the choral singing practice with young people. We stress the importance of this activity as a mean to retrieve human values in what regards the sensibility, subjectivity and affectivity in contrast to the current problems faced by society such as the alienation promoted by media and the cultural industry, which often emphasize what is superficial and the fleeting rather than the deeper and permanent relations of music as a active leisure able to promote relevant ethic-aesthetic experiences, start creative processes and stimulating aspects of fruition. Therefore, we refer to the everyday Sociosophy unveiled in the theories of José Machado Pais, Michel Maffesoli, Giles Deleuze, Félix Guattari e Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. We also highlight the youth choir practice as an effective and accessible tool to music education from the perspective of understanding how to include this activity in the school environment. We consider the importance of centralizing the learning process in the student/singer's musical knowledge in order to outline strategies for intervention that can expand these references by a process of re-signification of the musical memory, promoting a dialogue between the scholarly and popular cultures. In this perspective it was essential to characterize the work of the choir conductor both in formal settings (in school), non-formal or informal (outside of school) to identify characteristics and professional behaviors adjusted to the Brazilian reality, noting that, in most cases, the choir is the only possible access to music literacy

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