I samband med att konsumtionen ökar blir svenskarna mer intresserade av miljöfrågor och många konsumenter övergår till produkter med mindre klimatpåverkan. Konsumenterna anseräven samtidigt att symbolisk konsumtion är viktigt och därmed ökar även intresset förmiljömärkt hudvård. Men för att hudvård ska få en miljömärkt certifiering ställs det höga krav på produkten och dess innehåll. Syftet med studien är därför att undersöka konsumenters attityd till miljömärkt hudvård jämfört med konventionell hudvård. För att uppfylla syftet haren kvantitativ undersökning gjorts genom en enkätundersökning gjorts baserat på 105 respondenter. Data sedan analyserats genom multiattribut modellen för att jämföra attityder till de givna attributen hos konventionell och miljömärkt hudvård. Resultatet visade att konsumenter är mer positiva till miljömärkt hudvård jämfört med konventionell hudvård. Skillnaden var störst mellan attributet skyldighet/skuld, vilket innebär att konsumenter är positiva till att ta ett miljömässigt ansvar genom att välja miljömärkt hudvård. Studien ämnar till ett teoretiskt bidrag genom att bidra med ökan förståelse inom ämnet ekologiskkonsumtion, samt ett praktiskt bidrag till de företag som säljer och marknadsför miljömärkta hudvårdsprodukter. Genom att bidra med förståelse för hur attityden ser ut till givna attributhos miljömärkt jämfört med konventionell hudvård kan företag förstå och anpassakommunikationen till konsumenterna. / As consumption increases, Swedes become more interested in environmental issues and many consumers move to products with less climate impact. Consumers also believe that symbolic consumption is important and thus also increases interest in eco-labelled skin care. But for skin care to get an eco-labelled certification, there are high demands on the product and its contents. The purpose of the study is therefore to investigate consumers' attitude towards ecolabelled skin care compared to conventional skin care. To fulfill the purpose, a quantitative survey has been conducted through a survey based on 105 respondents. The data was then analyzed through the multi attribute model to compare attitudes to the given attributes of conventional and eco-labelled skin care. The results showed that consumers are more positive to eco-labelled skin care compared to conventional skin care. The differences were as largest for the attribute obligation/guilt, which means that consumers are positive in taking an environmental responsibility by choosing eco-labelled skin care. The study aims to make a theoretical contribution by contributing to understanding the subject of organic consumption, as well as a practical contribution to companies that sell and market eco-labelled skin care products. By providing an understanding of what the attitude looks like to given attributes of eco-labelled compared to conventional skin care, companies can understand and adapt communication to consumers.

[pt] Neste trabalho propomos um framework lógico para sistemas de Dedução Natural rotulados. Sua meta-linguagem é baseada numa generalização dos esquemas de regras propostos por Prawitz, e o uso de rótulos permite a definição de lógicas intencionais como lógicas modais e de descrição, bem como a definição uniforme de quantificadores como o para um número não-renumerável de indivíduos vale a propriedade P (lógica de Keisler), ou para quase todos os indivíduos vale P (lógica de ultra-filtros), sem mencionar os quantificadores padrões de lógica de primeira-ordem. Mostramos também a implementação deste framework em um assistente de prova virtual disponível livremente na web, e comparamos a definição de sistemas lógicos nele com o mesmo feito em outros assistentes — Agda, Isabelle, Lean, Metamath. Como subproduto deste experimento comparativo, também contribuímos uma prova formal em Lean do postulado de Zolt em três dimensões usando o sistema Zp proposto por Giovaninni et al. / [en] We propose a Logical Framework for labelled Natural Deduction systems. Its meta-language is based on a generalization of the rule schemas proposed by Prawitz, and the use of labels allows the definition of intentional logics, such as Modal Logic and Description Logic, as well as some quantifiers, such as Keisler s for non-denumerable-many individuals property P, or for almost all individuals P holds, or generally P holds, not to mention standard first-order logic quantifiers, all in a uniform way. We also show an implementation of this framework as a freely-available web-based proof assistant. We then compare the definition of logical systems in our implementation and in other proof assistants — Agda, Isabelle, Lean, Metamath. As a sub-product of this comparison experiment, we contribute a formal proof (in Lean) of De Zolt s postulate for three dimensions, using the Zp system proposed by Giovaninni et al.

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Case control studies have shown that a high consumption of fish, olive oil, and cooked vegetables is associated with a decreased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These foods have a central position in the traditional Cretan Mediterranean diet, and it has been suggested that dietary factors contribute to the low prevalence of RA in Mediterranean countries. The overall aim of this thesis was to examine whether a modified Cretan Mediterranean diet can reduce signs and symptoms of RA. This was investigated in a three-month dietary intervention trial in which 51 patients with well controlled, although active RA of at least two years duration took part. A further aim was to study the compliance with the experimental and control diets used in the study, and to validate the diet history interview method used to assess the dietary intake. The validation was carried out by means of biological markers of dietary intake. From baseline to the end of the study the group that had adopted the Cretan Mediterranean diet (MD group; n=26) obtained a reduction in disease activity, improved physical function, and improved vitality, while no changes was seen in the control diet group (CD group; n=25). According to the dietary assessments, the intake frequencies of antioxidant-rich food items increased in the MD group. This group also had a significantly higher intake of vitamin E, vitamin C and selenium compared to the CD group. Despite the reported increase in the consumption frequencies of antioxidant-rich foods, the plasma levels of carotenoids, vitamin C, lipid adjusted tocopherols, uric acid and urine malondialdehyde, a marker of oxidative stress, were unchanged at the end of the study. The plasma levels of retinol, vitamin C and uric acid were, however, correlated to indices of disease activity. Changes in the reported consumption of food groups with relevance to the fat intake were also observed in the MD group, including an increased intake of fish, shellfish and poultry, and a decreased intake of meat and high fat dairy products. As a result, the total fat intake was lower in the MD group compared to the CD group. Furthermore, in the MD group a slightly higher percentage of the energy intake was derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids and a lower percentage from saturated fatty acids. This group also had a lower ratio of n-6:n-3 fatty acids. A corresponding change in the relation between n-6 and n-3 fatty acids was also observed in s-phospholipids. The validation of the diet history interview method showed that the diet history interview could capture the dietary intake fairly well. The validity of the reported dietary intake did not differ between the MD and the CD group, which indicates that the dietary assessment was not biased by the dietary intervention.

In quantitative proteomics, many of the LC-MS based approaches employ stable isotopic labelling to provide relative quantitation of the proteome in different cell states. In a typical approach, peptides are first detected and identified by tandem MS scans prior to quantifying proteins. This provides the researcher with a large amount of data that are not useful for quantitation. It is desirable to improve the throughput of current approaches to make proteomics a more routine experiment with an enhanced capacity to detect differentially expressed proteins. This thesis reports the developments towards this goal, including an assessment of the viability of stable dimethyl labelling for comparative proteomic measurements and the evaluation of a dynamic algorithm called Parallel Isotopic Tag Screening (PITS) for the detection of isotopically labelled peptides for quantitative proteomics without the use of tandem MS scans.

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201 pages / Ensuring algorithms work accurately is crucial, especially when they drive safety critical systems like self-driving cars. We formally model a published distributed algorithm for autonomous vehicles to collaborate and pass thorough an intersection. Models are built and validated using the “Labelled Transition System Analyser” (LTSA). Our models reveal situations leading to deadlocks and crashes in the algorithm. We demonstrate two approaches to gain insight about a large and complex system without modeling the entire system: Modeling a sub system - If the sub system has issues, the super system too. Modeling a fast-forwarded state - Reveals problems that can arise later in a process. Some productivity tools developed for distributed system development are also presented. Manulator, our distributed system simulator, enables quick prototyping and debugging on a single workstation. LTSA-O, extension to LTSA, listens to messages exchanged in an execution of a distributed system and validates it against a model.

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