This paper deals with the set of labour law relationships, which is collectively called atypical labour law relationships. At first, for the reasons of providing sufficient inside view regarding this problematic, which is connected to these relationships, the position of these relationships within the field of labour law itself is defined and necessary basic terms, which are essential for atypical labour law relationships, are presented and explained. Among these basic terms there is primarily listed definition of the term "dependent work", but the term "flexicurity" is described thereto as well. Given the fact that it is possible to apply different approaches to the definition of atypical labour law relationships, the explanation of ways how to define the set of atypical labour law relationships follows the explanation of basic terms. In the paper, there is applied the demarcation using the definition of typical labour law relationship in the way that all the labour law relationships that differ from the typical labour law relationship are labelled as atypical. In the following-up part of the paper there can be found the characterization of some of the atypical forms of labour law relationships, which make part of the defined set of relationships. The point of view of national legislation as well...

Mediation and its usage in labour law litigation and in employment issues Abstract This thesis provides an insight into the field of mediation as an alternative method of dispute resolution. This method is approached through the optics of labour law litigation perspective which in the author's point of view offers a huge potential for further development. Even though the key point stands in the field of labour law, the whole thesis has an interdisciplinary design following the design of the method described. The interdisciplinary focus aims to the fields of psychology, sociology and philosophy. The thesis is divided into four main sections. Their composition follows the focus point from concrete to abstract concepts. The first part aims to integrate the field of labour law into the law system. The main focus is given to the dualism of the law system and the relation of the public and private law considering its relation to the labour law. The second part is devoted to conflicts and mainly reflects the symptoms of conflict and their classification. The negatives and positives of both are considered and discussed. The labour law disputes are highlighted as a typical example of a conflict. The third part describes possible solutions to the labour law disputes and then focuses on the presented method,...

1 Intellectual property objects created in labour-law relationships in the Czech Republic and selected countries of the European Union Abstract The contemporary modern period of 21st century is characterised by a constantly developing progress, new information technologies as well as innovative tendencies in all spheres of human life, allowing individuals their own self-fulfilment through their own intellectual activity. It is not unusual for an intangible property to be created as a result of human intellectual activity carried out during a labour-law relationship. As a result thereof, a legal regulation of the mutual relationships of the contractual parties, i.e. the employee and the employer, with respect to the result of such a human intellectual activity, is necessary. The submitted dissertation thesis deals with a legal regulation of the intellectual property objects created by employees in the course of labour-law relationships de lege lata in the Czech Republic and in the selected countries of the European Union, i.e. the France and the United Kingdom of the Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The dissertation thesis is composed of five coherent chapters, whereby the third chapter dealing with the legal regulation de lege lata of selected intellectual property objects created by employees in the...

Originellement, le droit du travail a fait prévaloir son autonomie à l’égard des organisations sociétaires, soit en les ignorant, soit en édictant ses propres règles. Cette autonomie s’est retournée contre le droit du travail lui-même, dans la mesure où ce dernier participe au renfort de la liberté de s’organiser, sur laquelle repose le fonctionnement des organisations sociétaires. Le constat est celui d’un échec : le droit du travail est aujourd’hui tributaire des organisations sociétaires. Toute idée d’autonomie doit être abandonnée. Le droit du travail ne peut plus faire abstraction des règles du droit des sociétés sur lesquelles reposent les organisations sociétaires. Il s’agit de passer d’une construction du droit du travail à côté des organisations sociétaires, à une construction à leurs côtés. L’objectif de cette méthode est d’assurer au droit du travail une meilleure effectivité lors de son application au sein des organisations sociétaires.La maîtrise du droit des sociétés a révélé un nouvel acteur en droit du travail, en l’occurrence l’associé dominant. D’un côté, le droit du travail tente de le responsabiliser, soit en l’insérant dans la relation de travail grâce au coemploi, soit en lui imputant de nouvelles obligations telles que l’ « obligation » de contribution au plan de sauvegarde de l’emploi ou l’obligation de vigilance. D’un autre côté, les liens entre l’associé dominant et les salariés doivent être repensés. La négociation collective ou la (re)découverte de lieux de rencontre avec cet associé permettraient de renforcer ce lien. / Labour law has a longstanding tradition of imposing its autonomy over corporate organizations by either ignoring them completely or by elaborating its own set of rules. This eventually backfired against labour law as it had the effect of strengthening corporate organizations’ freedom to organize. This has resulted in major failure for labour as it has become tributary to corporate organizations. All autonomist aspirations need to be abandoned. Labour law can no longer ignore corporate law regulations upon which corporate organizations are built. The idea is therefore to go from labour law being built beside corporate organizations to building labour law at their sides. The objective of such a methodological approach is to ensure that labour law becomes more effective than it is today when applied within corporate organizations.Mastering corporate law has revealed a new actor within labour law, the majority/dominant shareholder. On the one hand, labour law tries to make him/her/it liable, by either integrating him/her/it in the work relationship through co-employment schemes, or by resting further obligations on his/her/its shoulders such as the “duty” to contribute to the employment saving plan or such as the duty of vigilance. On the other hand, the links between the majority shareholder and the employees need to be rethought. Collective bargaining or (re)discovering spaces where workers and the majority shareholder can meet might strengthen that link.

Orientador: Victor Hugo de Almeida / Resumo: Com o advento da globalização, foram removidas as barreiras comerciais e o mundo assumiu características de uma aldeia global de negócios e oportunidades, com a consequente aceleração da economia, avanços de cunho tecnológico e científico e a automação da produção. A possibilidade de se reduzir encargos de produção por meio da busca de insumos e mão de obra a custos menores promoveu o acirramento da concorrência e a necessidade cada vez maior de se apresentar no mercado produtos com boa qualidade a preços competitivos. Surge, então, a ideia da flexibilização como proposta de ferramenta a possibilitar maiores chances de concorrência mercadológica com alterações no sistema de regulamentação do Direito do Trabalho. Para alguns, a flexibilização enseja a possibilidade da geração de novas vagas de trabalho; para outros, não se pode associar dinamização da economia a regulamentação do trabalho, tampouco pode o Poder Público se curvar à competição mercadológica internacional. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente estudo é analisar as transformações sofridas pelo Direito do Trabalho pátrio no decorrer de sua história, sob o viés dos fenômenos da flexibilização, flexissegurança e desregulamentação dos direitos trabalhistas, bem como seus impactos jurídicos e sociais nas garantias e nos direitos fundamentais do trabalhador. Inclui-se nessa proposta a análise das principais transformações do Direito do Trabalho brasileiro, desde a sua origem até os tempos atuais, pós Reforma Trabalhista,... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: With the advent of globalization, trade barriers have been removed and the world has assumed the characteristics of a global village of business and opportunity, with a consequent acceleration of the economy, technological and scientific advances, and production automation. The chance of making production burdens by finding the lowest and most competitive hand and labor is by increasing demand for competitive prices. An idea of flexibility of a proposal of possibilities of market competition appears with changes in the system of freedom of access to work. For some, a flexibilization can make it possible to generate new jobs; for others, cannot be able to dinamization of the economizing the duty free, nor the Power Public bow to the international market fatigue. Thus, the present study is analyzed as the transformations suffered by the right to work and the deregulation of labor rights, as well as their own rights and flexibility in the guarantees of labor rights fundamental rights of the worker. It includes an analysis of the main transformations of Brazilian Law, from its currents to the present times, of the Labor Reform, from the point of view of the different forms of flexibilization, flexibilization and deregulation. As a method of procedure, we adopt a survey through the technique of bibliographical research in published materials and, as a method of approach, the deductive. It was concluded that, while flexicurity is not available for development in Brazil, a flexibili... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

In Sweden, threats and violence has become a serious psychosocial work environment problem within the workplaces of health and social care. Several studies show the need to pay attention to how the workers psychosocial work environment is affected by the risk of threats and violence. Women are more exposed of threats and violence because the professions were most women work, the threats and violence occur. The purpose of this study is to investigate what legal obligations the employer holds to prevent threats and violence in the working environment and what consequences it can have if the employer does not fulfill these obligations. For a deeper knowledge in threats and violence as a psychosocial work environment problem other factors that can affect are included. To fulfill the purpose and answer the research questions in this study the doctrinal method is used to describe, systematize and interpret the legislation, case law and literature.   The results of this study show that the legal actions that the employer is obliged to take is far-reaching. The preventive work is central considering the psychosocial work environment were threats and violence occur. If the employer fails to take the actions that is obliged there are different legal consequences depending on what type of actions the employer, deliberately or accidently, failed to take. Due to the extent of threats and violence in health and social care and some differences in the formulation of the legislation, future studies would be required to investigate if the legislation on this matter is enough.

The task of this thesis named {\clqq}New Labour Code {--} its positives and negatives`` is to compare the old Labour Code with the new one, to show the changes and updates and their impact to practice, to find the positives and negatives in its application. After long negotiations, the Labour Code began to be valid in January 2007 in a new form, but only by the {\clqq}technical novel`` and by the finding of the Constitutional court the main inadequacies were eliminated. The question remains if the Labour Code as an independent Code is necessary. It is usual in some countries that the labour-law tasks are treated in the Civil Code, but our legal regulations result from the Soviet concept of the legal system. Currently the framework of the new Civil Code is finished; one of the authors is Professor Karel Eliáš, who is just the protagonist of incorporation the labour law into the Civil Code. On the other hand, the labour law nowadays is so wide and specific, that its incorporation back into the civil law would have been extremely difficult.

A subordinação jurídica é elemento preponderante para a caracterização da relação de emprego, base de incidência das normas do direito do trabalho. Diante disso é de fundamental importância entendermos seu significado e dimensão no contexto contemporâneo de profundas transformações no mundo do trabalho, que alteram inclusive a forma como o direito se insere na realidade. A subordinação do trabalho ao capital cria um grupo de detentores de mão-de-obra que necessitam da proteção do direito do trabalho. Essa análise é importante para entendermos o mundo do trabalho e a indispensável proteção jurídica que lhe é conferida pelo direito trabalhista. O presente estudo tem por objetivo lançar olhar estruturante sobre essas questões para incrementar a proteção trabalhista e regulamentar as relações de trabalho a partir dos valores da função social do trabalho e da melhoria das condições econômicas e sociais dos trabalhadores. / The legal subordination is an indispensable element for the characterization of the employment relationship, base of the standards of labor law. Considering this is wich fundamental importance to understand its real meaning and dimension in the contemporary context of profound changes in the workplace, including altering the way the law is part of the reality. The subordination of labor to capital creates a group of holders of manpower that need the necessary protection of labor law. This analysis is important to understand the world of labour and the necessary legal protection conferred on it by the labor law. This study is looking to shed on these structural issues to increase labor protections and regulate the labor relations from the values of the function of labor and the improvement of economic and social conditions of workers.

TITLE: Non-competition clause AUTHOR: Kryštof Šťastný DEPARTMENT: Department of Labour Law and Social Security Law SUPERVISOR: JUDr. Ljubomír Drápal ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis is to present a comprehensive description of the historical development of legal regulation of the non-competition clause from 1910 onwards, to point out the most important aspects of the current legal regulation, and to compare Czech legal regulation of this institute with its equivalent in German legal system. To achieve this aim, an analysis of the historical regulation of the non-competition clause is conducted and the positives and negatives of each regulation are presented. Emphasis is nevertheless put on the analysis of the present legal regulation of the non-competition clause in the Labour code. To put the Czech regulation of the non-competition clause into international context, a comparative analysis of Czech and German regulation is conducted, and the positives and negatives of the German regulation are assessed. The most important terms and concepts are introduced and defined in the first chapter to make their usage clear for the rest of the thesis. The second chapter is dedicated to the historical development of the regulation of the non-competition clause in the present-day Czech Republic. The historical...

73 Abstract Thesis title: Personal rights of employees This thesis deals with personal rights of employees, particularly it aims at issues associated with privacy rights, secrecy of correspondence and personal data protection. It is a very relevant and dynamically developing branch of labour law linked to the development and expansion of the application of modern communication technologies in all areas of human activity. The thesis itself consists of four main chapters. The first chapter discusses personal rights of employees as a category of basic human rights. It analyzes elements from which the personality rights consist of, i.e. which partial rights are included and what are their relations with each other. Simultaneously, this chapter examines all of the main relevant laws, which apply on the issue in question, in descending order determined by their legal force. The aim of the second chapter is to analyze section 316 of the Labour Code which is the main provision that governs monitoring of employees at work, particularly its admissibility, conditions and information duties of an employer. This chapter also deals with the interpretation of the admissibility or inadmissibility of concealed surveillance and the weakness of the current legislation which is caused by the lack of sanctions for breach of...