1 Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to illustrate problems that arise in the transfer of ownership of real property using purchase agreement. The main reason for my research in this field is the undeniable importance of purchase transfer of ownership of real property and its economic significance. The thesis is divided into introduction and conclusion with five different chapters in between, each chapter dealing with a different characteristic or problem that might arise while concluding purchase agreement. Chapter One is introductory and defines purchase agreement on real property transfer in general and is subdivided into five parts. Part One describes historical evolution. Part Two deals with its modification in connection with Act No. 89/2012 Coll. (hereinafter "New Civil Code"). Part Three describes main characteristics of purchase agreement on transfer of real property. Part Four in its three sub-parts deals with essential requirements of purchase agreement on transfer of real property, which are subject, purchase price and identification of contracting parties. In all of the above mentioned parts, the thesis tries to provide the reader with possible solutions to risks and problems within the legislation and contractual changes. Chapter Two reviews preemptive right and additional arrangements. Is...

Records of rights and other data in the Land Registry should be considered as very actual topic because of the new Act No. 89/2012 Sb., Civil Code. This Act contrary to the previous legislation brought out a lot of changes, which had to be integrated in to the legislation of the Land Registry. Changes consits from different definition of the immovable thing, and from raising of various rights newly registered in the Land Registry including rights with the character of the obligation. Major change is in the reinforcement of the principle of publicity material of the Land Registry, which make it possible to acquire the right of ownership and other rights in rem from somebody, who is not really an owner, if the conditions of the law are met. With the reinforcement of the principle of publicity material the Act No. 89/2012 Sb., Civil Code, brought out also tools for real owners and other entitled persons from others rights in rem to defend themselves before the principle of publicity material, which was also necessary to project in to legislation of the Land Registry. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The aim of the diploma thesis is to give readers an idea of cadastral legislation. The main attention is paid to the importance of Land registry for the area of private law. The thesis is logically structured and consists of three separate chapters, subdivided into parts and sections. The first chapter is composed of three parts and contains a historical guide throught the development of real estate records since the perriod of land registry books to the current form of cadastre of real estates. Emphasis is placed on the legal institution of Land registry books, which is the main source of inspiration for the treatment of so-called public directories contained in the new Civil Code. Author of the work include a historical chapter for better understanding of the current form of the cadastre and its main weaknesses. The second chapter is divided into five parts. The first two sections explains the basic concepts (eg, land, plot, building, dwelling unit and non-residential premises unit), and the principles on which the modification of cadastre costs (eg the principle of priority, the principle of formal and material publicity). Remaining three parts of the second chapter deal with the private aspects of the cadastral proceedings. Special emphasis is placed on the entry of legal relations, which is from the...

This thesis analyzes the problem of real property selling in the legal sense under Act No. 89/2012 Coll. compared to Act No. 40/1964 Coll. and also contains their comparison. Firstly, the definition of real property and its transfer under Act 40/1964 Coll. is being examined. This paper deals particularly with new principle of superficies solo cedit and influence it has on real property selling, as well as with real property definition. Further issues covered are material publicity, note of disputability and requirement of written form upon transfer of real estate. At the end this thesis compares selected legal concepts and pros and cons brought by new legislation. title: Legal regulation of sale of property - comparison of current civil code and the proposed new wording of Civil Code keywords: real property, sale, legal concept of superficies solo cedit, material publicity, land registry

The Cadastre of Real estate has relied on a principle of formal publicity for a long time since the Cadastre integrates functions of both land registry and land cadastre. According to some authors, unfettered access to information in the Cadastre is the only possible way to meet its purpose. Such idea is in a violation of a right to privacy and personal data protection that were accepted as fundamental human rights, therefore I am convinced that there exists a necessity to find an equity between the value of privacy and the principle of formal publicity. The diploma thesis deals with contemporary legislation of Cadastre's publicity as well as its prior regulation. Every single important amendment concerning publicity is followed by a comment where I try to criticize it objectively with regard to the personal data protection. The first part of the thesis consists of a description of what a cadastre is and what the word means, history of land registry and land cadastres in the context of predecessors of the Czech Republic and finally the Cadastre of Real estate of the Czech Republic. There is a short section categorizing the principle of formal publicity among other principles applied to the Cadastre at the end of the part as well. The second part explains in general the value of privacy along with...

Fastigheter spelar en betydande roll i samhället. Fastighetsregister utgör grunden för en effektiv fastighetsmarknad, samhällsekonomi och kreditmarknad. Det utvalda kinesiska fastighetsregistret och fastighetsregistret i Sverige har ett antal likheter och skillnader. Det här examensarbetet är en jämförande studie mellan det utvalda kinesiska fastighetsregistret och fastighetsregistret i Sverige och beskriver på vilka sätt de skiljer sig från varandra. Vidare analyseras hur det utvalda fastighetsregistret i Kina kan förbättras med avseende på Dale och McLaughlins beskrivning av ett effektivt fastighetsregister. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att diskutera de största skillnaderna mellan det utvalda fastighetsregistret i Kina och fastighetsregistret i Sverige och ge förslag till förbättringar. Metoden bestod av att tolka och granska lagstiftningar, författningar och regler kring det utvalda fastighetsregistret i Kina och fastighetsregistret i Sverige. För att få en djupare förståelse inom ämnet, genomfördes intervjuer med två experter som jobbar på Lantmäteriet i Kina och en expert på Lantmäteriet i Sverige. Några skillnader mellan det utvalda fastighetsregistret i Kina och fastighetsregistret i Sverige är fastighetsregistrens lagstöd, tillgänglighet, ändamål, säkerhetsfrågor, rättsverkan, olika typ av överlåtelseförbud av fastigheter och fastighetsregistrens hållbarhet. Examensarbetet visar att:  det utvalda fastighetsregistret i Kina saknar konkret stöd från den kinesiska Sakrättslgen.  kinesiska lagar och förordningar bör innehålla detaljerad information och när en lag refererar till en annan lag, bör det hänvisas till specifikt lagrum  det utvalda fastighetsregistret i Kina bör tillgängliggöras för personer som har fullmakt från fastighetsägare samt jurister, registrerade mäklare och mellan olika statliga myndigheter. / Real Estate has a significant role in society. The cadastre provides grounds for an effective real estate market, the social economy and credit market. There are similarities and differences between the cadastre in a city in China and the cadastre in Sweden. This thesis is a comparative study of the cadastre between a city in China and the cadastre in Sweden and describes the major differences between the cadastre in China and the cadastre in Sweden. Furthermore, in which way can the cadastre in China be improved regarding to Dale and McLaughlin’s description of an effective cadastre. The purpose of this project is to discuss the major differences between the cadastre in China and the cadastre in Sweden as well as to suggest improvements. The method consisted of interpreting and reviewing legislation, regulations and rules about cadastre in a city in China and the cadastre in Sweden. To gain a deeper understanding of the subject, interviews with two experts working at the Land Registry in China and one expert at the Land Registry in Sweden were conducted. Some of the most prominent distinctions between the cadastre in a city in China and the cadastre in Sweden are legal support, availability, purpose, safety, cadastre’s impact, various types of transfer prohibited property and cadastres sustainability. The thesis shows that: the current cadastre in a city of China lacks concrete support from the Property Law. Chinese laws and regulations should have specific information and when a law refers to another law, it should be clear which law it is. the cadastre in China should be open to the persons who have been authorized by property owners, lawyers, registered brokers and between different public agencies.

The intention of my thesis is to analyze the volume and the method of application ancient maps by land consolidation, especially land maps. Special attention was paid to document preparation and transformation of grids. The result is, that the ancient maps are used most by renewal of field paths, hydro engineering works, shape of parcels optimization and solution of property ratio.

La commune de Plozévet est située à l’extrémité sud-ouest de la Bretagne, au bord de la baie d’Audierne. Son parler breton conserve des formes archaïques révélant une ancienne continuité méridionale qui allait des bords de la baie d’Audierne au Vannetais, continuité perceptible dans certains aspects de la phonologie, de la morphologie et du lexique. Il garde également des traits communs aux trois presqu’îles occidentales (Léon, Crozon, Cap Sizun et Cap Caval), caractéristiques aussi de la périphérie du domaine bretonnant.Mais des innovations, venues d’abord du centre de ce domaine (région de Carhaix), puis du Léon, toutes diffusées par Quimper, ont brisé ces anciennes continuités. Ce parler présente bien sûr des traits communs à tout le sud-ouest de la Cornouaille, mais aussi des spécificités : ainsi, la réalisation [-ŋ] des groupes historiques « -r n » et « -l n », l’ouverture du second élément de la diphtongue /ew/ en /ea/, réalisée [eaɔ] en finale absolue, la prédilection pour les syllabes composées de voyelle brève suivie de consonne forte, y compris dans les monosyllabes, et aussi la neutralisation de l’opposition entre les morphèmes des deuxièmes personnes du singulier et du pluriel. L’étude du lexique breton du cadastre napoléonien (1828) révèle que, si certains lexèmes sont tombés en désuétude, le parler a peu évolué au cours des XIXe et XXe siècles. Au XIXe siècle, les maires de Plozévet ont réclamé des maîtres d’école, d’abord pour enseigner le français aux enfants, qui ne savaient que le breton. Celui-ci est resté la langue la plus parlée jusque dans les années 1960, mais a ensuite très vite décliné / The commune of Plozévet is situated at the south-western tip of Brittany, on the shore of the « baie d’ Audierne ».The spoken Breton of Plozévet has kept archaic features suggesting a former continuity stretching from the shores of the « baie d’ Audierne » to the Vannetais area, perceptible in some aspects of its phonology, morphology and lexis. It has also kept some characteristics common to the three western peninsulas (Léon, Crozon, Cap Sizun and Cap Caval), also peculiar to the periphery of Celticspeaking Brittany.But some innovations coming from the central zone (Carhaix region), and then from Léon, filtered through Quimper and brought these former continuities to an end.The spoken Breton of Plozévet obviously shares many features with the rest of southwestern Cornouaille, but also has some distinctive characteristics: thus, the groups «-r n » and « –l n » pronounced [ŋ], the opening of the second element of the diphthong /ew/ into /ea/, pronounced [eaɔ] in absolute final position, a predilection for syllables composed of a short vowel followed by a fortis consonant, in monosyllables too, and also the neutralization of the opposition between themorphemes of the second persons singular and plural.The study of the Breton vocabulary contained in the so-called Napoleonic cadastre (1828) reveals that, although some of the lexemes have become obsolete, the language evolved but little during the 19th and 20th centuries.In the 19th century, the mayors of Plozévet asked for schoolmasters, above all to teach French to the children, who only knew Breton. Breton was spoken more than French until the 1960’s, but then declined rapidly.

This diploma theses concerns the matter of blockchain technology and its practical use, especially for nonfinancial services. Theoretical part describes the blockchain technology from the technological and juridical point of view and examples of its practical use are also mentioned. In the practical part two laboratory exercises were designed for further familiarization of the blockchain technology, in which students try some real applications on their own.

The Functions of the Land Registry Abstract This diploma thesis deals with functions of the Czech Land Registry. After an introductory part describing the basic features of the Land Registry, individual approaches to its functions are debated. The following is an explanation of the recording, information, protective and intabulation function, which discusses the essence of each function and lists the institutes of effective legislation that are associated with these functions. In addition, shortcomings in effective legislation or inconsistencies of interpretation are mentioned, and, in some cases, a possible solution is formulated. The recording function consists in recording a certain set of data. First of all, the subject of registration is introduced, ie individual real estates that are registered in the Land Registry. The content of the Registry consists of specified data regarding real estates and regarding persons. The information function is related to the designation of the Land Registry as a public list and to the regulation of formal publicity. All forms of data provision are also presented. If the recorded data are reliable, complete and corresponding to the actual state, then the protective function is also fulfilled. Its enshrinement in the Civil Code and the regulation of material publicity...