Hållbar utveckling är ett begrepp som genom Brundtlandkommissionens rapport “Vår gemensamma framtid” och EU Kommissionens definition av Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) har fått en större påverkan på näringslivet. Denna studie hade som syfte att undersöka hur ledare på företag som enligt svenska konsumenter anses vara “hållbara” driver sitt interna förändringsarbete med hållbar utveckling. Hållbarhetsansvariga från sex företag har deltagit i en kvalitativ intervjustudie med målet att ge mer kunskap om hur samtliga leder förändringsarbetet i sin verksamhet, samt vilken strategi som finns i förändringsledningsarbetet i organisationen. Resultatet anger att styrgrupper, visioner samt kortsiktiga och långsiktiga mål är bra insatser och verktyg i ett framgångsrikt förändringsarbete. Internutbildning och kommunikation är viktigt för att öka kunskap och engagemang hos medarbetare i organisationen. Utmaningar med att driva förändring kan vara att få med sig medarbetare och leverantörer i arbetet. Tidsbrist, bevis på ekonomisk vinst och svårigheter att kvantifiera fördelar med hållbarhetsarbetet är aspekter som kan påverka hur väl förändringsarbetet prioriteras i verksamheten. / Sustainable Development is a concept that has developed and gained interest in business production through the report ”Our common future” written by the Brundtland Commission and the definition of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) by the EU Commission. The aim of this study was to investigate how companies who are considered ”sustainable” by consumers are managing there internal changes to participate in the development of a more sustainable society. Leaders from six companies have participated in a qualitative research with the goal to achieve information about how the change is managed in their businesses. The result shows that a steering committee, visions, short- and long term goals are actions stated to be useful to create a successful change management. Internal education and communication is important to improve the knowledge and engage the co-workers in the organisation. Challenges in the change management can be to increase interest for sustainable development among co-workers and suppliers. Short term pressure, difficulties to quantify intangible outcomes of action and evidence for economic benefits are aspects that can affect how well a change management is prioritized in the organisations.

In this study, the cooling of a simulated blade under increasing pitch between holes was examined. The change in non-dimensional surface temperature, phi, was measured experimentally to quantify this performance loss. This critical quantification of the sensitivity of cooling to pitch between holes has not been studied previously. A range of blowing ratios and angles of attack were tested. Data are presented in terms of the laterally averaged phi, and in terms of the minimum phi, arguably more important from a design perspective. Increasing the pitch 13% produced no measureable change using either parameter. An increase of 26% in pitch produced only a 4% loss in lateral averages, while some hot points dropped by 10%. These small changes are due to compensating effects of increased internal and through-hole convective cooling. A limit to these effects was shown when increasing pitch 53%. While performance loss in the average was still relatively small at 15%, the minimum phi decreased by 27%. Heat flux gauges were used to gather data on the internal and external surface. The internal impingement used in this study represents a more accurate representation of internal cooling for an actual engine part than has been previously studied, providing a starting point for exploring the differences between engine configurations and those generally investigated in the literature. External heat flux measurements were used to measure the ratio of heat flux with and without film cooling. These results call into question the use of the net heat flux reduction parameter, which is commonly used to quantify overall film cooling performance. / text

The 1929 stock market crash on Black Thursday, followed by the subsequent four-year period of extreme economic downturn, signifies an extremely profound piece of U.S. history. During this time, global economic productivity – measured by GDP – decreased while the U.S. unemployment rate increased staggeringly. Leveraging construction permits as a forward-looking measure of economic activity, I empirically evaluate the effect of construction permits – specifically, the lagged growth rate of monthly construction permits – and lagged monthly stock returns on monthly Standard & Poor's 500 (S&P 500) stock returns. Lagged construction permit returns and lagged stock returns provide early indications (i.e., stock returns) of the following Great Depression.

Using MSA level data, the paper shows, that geographic areas which experienced the largest housing bubble generally suffered a more serious subsequent economic downturn. More specifically, the paper establishes that MSAs with larger declines in housing permits had larger increases in unemployment. There also appears to be strong evidence of a correlation between the magnitude of a housing boom and the timing of the decline in housing permits. MSAs which experienced larger real housing inflation offered early indications of the subsequent Great Recession.

ON- COURT COACHING IN TENIS - COACHING Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the topic of "on-court coaching", to find out the up-to-date experience of the tennis players and coaches, their opinion on the ideal coach and their attitude towards introduction of the on-court coaching into the tennis tournaments. Methods: We have used qualitative inquiry methods in our work. To obtain qualitative data, we have created two structured and controlled interviews. Two groups of subjects were used (players and coaches) to get two sets of results. We have deliberately chosen the subjects and then expanded results using "the snowball" mechanism. For evaluation, we assigned codes to certain sets of texts, classified them and commented on them. Some of the resulting answers were converted into relative frequency. We have analyzed acquired data to interpret the results question by question. First, we evaluated data from the "coach" group of respondents, then from the "players" group. Discussion is often part of the result interpretation. We have also frequently compared the result between the two target groups. Results: As we have discovered, the players and coaches used in this study, were well informed and experienced in this topic. This leads us to believe, that the obtained data...

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-03-31T19:04:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 indicadores_antecedentes.pdf: 1667232 bytes, checksum: e9ef01f6125796d79eae31ad1c8a72ca (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-31T19:04:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 indicadores_antecedentes.pdf: 1667232 bytes, checksum: e9ef01f6125796d79eae31ad1c8a72ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-16 / Nenhuma / Este estudo tem por objetivo construir um sistema de indicadores antecedentes compostos com freqüência mensal para a atividade econômica do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se o conceito do ciclo de crescimento, baseado metodologia proposta pela OECD. A variável proxy para o nível de atividade utilizada foi a produção industrial do estado. Para a extração dos componentes cíclicos foram utilizados tanto o filtro de Hodrick-Prescott (HP) quanto filtro de Christiano-Fitzgerald (CF). Partindo de um universo de 456 séries, dez foram selecionadas para comporem os indicadores através de testes de correlação cruzada, causalidade de Granger e do algoritmo de Bry-Boschan (1971). Foram construídos indicadores de curto-prazo, indicadores de longo-prazo e um modelo misto. Os indicadores de longo-prazo se mostraram demasiadamente instáveis, tal característica indesejável foi transmitida para os indicadores mistos. Já os indicares de curto-prazo apresentaram desempenho satisfatório. / This study aims to build a monthly system of composite leading indicators for the economic activity in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. We used the concept of the growth cycle, based on the methodology proposed by the OECD. The proxy variable for the level of activity used was the industrial production of the state. For extracting cyclical components were used both the Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filter and Christiano-Fitzgerald (CF). Starting from a universe of 456 series, by testing cross-correlation, Granger causality and the using the Bry Boschan(1971) algorithm, ten series were selected to compose the indicators. We constructed short and long-term indicators and a mixed model. The long-term indicators showed to be too unstable, this undesirable trait was transmitted to the mixed indicators. The short-term indicators showed satisfactory performance.

abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the community of practice model in providing professional development to improve K-12 teacher’s knowledge, skills, self-efficacy with regard to the implementation of personal learning. The study also examined the extent to which the community created value for individuals and the organization. The study employed two theoretical frameworks: Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy and Wenger’s communities of practice. The study employed a concurrent mixed methods approach. Eighteen teachers participated in a 9-month blended learning professional development focused on the implementation of personal learning. Participants took pre and post self-efficacy tests. In addition, qualitative data was collected from feedback surveys, online postings, a research journal, and individual interviews. The teachers demonstrated greater levels of self-efficacy with regard to the implementation of personal learning after their participation in the professional development community. Teachers reported increased confidence with regard to personal learning in the areas of planning, risk-taking, implementation, making modifications for continuous improvement, and sharing their knowledge with others. The teachers also reported learning about themselves, their students and colleagues, as well as gaining knowledge of content related to teaching, and personal learning. Participants reported the development of a variety of skills including design and problem-solving skills, technology skills, and facilitation and PL strategies. They also reported changes in certain dispositions such as flexibility and open-mindedness. The community created value for both the individuals and the organization. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Leadership and Innovation 2018

abstract: This study identifies the influence that leading-edge shape has on the aerodynamic characteristics of a wing using surface far-field and near-field analysis. It examines if a wake survey is the appropriate means for measuring profile drag and induced drag. The paper unveils the differences between sharp leading-edge and blunt leading-edge wings with the tools of pressure loop, chordwise pressure distribution, span load plots and with wake integral computations. The analysis was performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), vortex lattice potential flow code (VORLAX), and a few wind-tunnels runs to acquire data for comparison. This study found that sharp leading-edge wings have less leading-edge suction and higher drag than blunt leading-edge wings. The blunt leading-edge wings have less drag because the normal vector of the surface in the front section of the airfoil develops forces at opposed skin friction. The shape of the leading edge, in conjunction with the effect of viscosity, slightly alter the span load; both the magnitude of the lift and the transverse distribution. Another goal in this study is to verify the veracity of wake survey theory; the two different leading-edge shapes reveals the shortcoming of Mclean’s equation which is only applicable to blunt leading-edge wings. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Aerospace Engineering 2019

Guided by the theoretical underpinnings of symbolic interactionism, this study set out to describe and analyse how stakeholders in a New Zealand Primary School understand effective school leadership, and how their meanings of leadership are influenced by the context in which they work. Review of the school leadership literature indicated that there was widespread agreement on the importance of leadership for school effectiveness but limited empirical data on how, or why, this was the case. To gain an understanding of stakeholders' meanings of effective leadership the study adopted a qualitative, case study design. Purposive, criterion-based selection was used to select a school considered to have highly effective leadership practices and to identify a cross-section of stakeholders within that school. The participants were the principal, Board of Trustees chairperson, assistant principal, teacher, general staff member, and student. Data were gathered from concept maps, semi-structured interviews and selected school documents such as the school's Education Review Office report and staff job descriptions. Data were analysed using grounded theory methods of analysis, specifically the use of constant comparison through open and axial coding. The findings of the study are presented and examined in terms of three theoretical propositions that encapsulate the stakeholders' meanings of effective school leadership. The first proposition examines three core values - concern for the individual, a commitment to learning, and an expectation of high performance - that permeated the school and influenced stakeholders' meanings and leadership practices. The second proposition examines the provision of direction, which involved articulation of a strong vision, use of symbols and ceremonies, modelling valued practices and beliefs, and raising the aspirations of staff and students. The third proposition examines leading and managing processes, which included the development of a team structure, leading and managing staff appointments and non-performance, managing communications, meetings and time, and providing opportunities for decision-making and leadership. Although considered in separate chapters, the three theoretical propositions are inter-related. The findings from this study highlight the importance of a set of core, common values for school leadership, confirm the role that leaders play in providing direction through a variety of symbolic activities, re-emphasise the need for studies of leadership to consider the context specific and people-based aspects of leadership, and confirm the place of teams in achieving a school's goals and reinforcing its values. The findings of the study also identify a need for team learning and development, and for a greater focus on values and beliefs in development programmes for principals. In addition, from both a theoretical and practical perspective, the findings establish a need for further research into the conception and practice of distributed leadership, and indicate that principals continue to play a central leadership role in self-managing, primary schools. The study's findings, thus, add to an at present limited base of empirical data on school leadership, and provide an insight into the perspectives of those involved in the leadership processes. Although the study's findings are based on a single school, in a particular context, the research design and methodology, including use of theoretical propositions, means the findings and conclusions generated from the study are pertinent to leadership theory, leadership research and leadership policy and practice in various contexts. The findings of this study are therefore likely to be of use to researchers of educational leadership, school principals, other school leaders, educational policy makers, and those designing and implementing professional learning programmes for principals and other school leaders.

AC/DC adapters mostly employ two-stage topology: Power Factor Correction (PFC) pre-regulation stage followed by an isolated DC/DC converter stage. Low power AC/DC adapters require a small size to be competitive. Among their components, the bulk DC-link capacitor is one of the largest because it should keep the output voltage with low ripple. Also, the size of this capacitor is penalized due to the universal line voltage application. Synchronization through employing leading edge modulation for the first PFC stage and trailing edge modulation for the second DC/DC converter stage can significantly reduce the ripple current and ripple voltage of the DC-link capacitor. Thus, a smaller DC-link capacitance can be used, lowering the cost and size of the AC/DC adapter. Benefits of the synchronous switching scheme were already demonstrated experimentally. However, no mathematical analysis was presented. In this thesis, detailed mathematical analyses in per-unit quantity are given to facilitate the calculation of the DC-link capacitor ripple current reduction with Leading/Trailing Edge Modulation strategies. One of the limitations of leading/trailing edge modulation is that the switching frequencies of the two stages need to be equal to achieve the best reduction of the DC-link capacitor ripple current. The DC-link capacitor ripple current will become larger if the switching frequency of the DC/DC converter is larger than that of the PFC pre-regulator, which blocks us to employ higher frequency for isolated DC/DC converter to reduce its transformer size. This thesis proposed a new Leading/Trailing Edge Modulation strategy to further reduce the DC-link bulk capacitor ripple current when switching frequency of DC/DC converter stage is twice the switching frequency of PFC stage. This proposed pulse width modulation scheme was verified by simulation. Experimental results obtained through digital control based on FPGA are also presented in this thesis.