Yes / Team-based learning (TBL) is a collaborative learning model that shifts classroom time from a teacher-centred to student-centred approach. TBL emphasises accountability to learning, teamwork, immediate feedback, peer feedback, and critical thinking. While many educators value the increased student engagement that results from TBL, the transition from traditional teaching methods to TBL poses challenges. Using a qualitative approach, this study aimed to explore the experiences of 26 academic staff in the United Kingdom who implemented TBL in the higher education setting. Thematic analysis of interview text generated eight themes related to preparing academics to use TBL, challenges related to TBL, and engagement of students with the curriculum. Derived from these themes, a set of recommendations for supporting academic staff who transition to TBL was developed.

KS0365 activated recombinant and native mouse TRPV3 more potently and with a higher efficacy compared with 2-APB and did not activate TRPV2 or TRPV4 channels. The activation of TRPV3 by KS0365 super-additively accelerated the EGF-induced keratinocyte migration, which was inhibited by the TRP channel blocker ruthenium red or by siRNA-mediated TRPV3 knockdown. Moreover, KS0365 induced strong Ca2+ responses in migrating front cells and in leading edges of keratinocytes.

An effort to determine how the ratios of leading corporations changed during World War II and in the two peace-time years following.

Change within organizations is something that happens every day. Lately, more and more continuous digital changes are occurring that all need good management. If an organization implement too many digital changes without the right management during the implementation and following the implementation, it may cause more problems than what is gained. The question is, do you manage a digital change as you manage an “ordinary” change? To find out how managers are leading digital change, a study of how one of the current digital changes, the digital workplace, has been completed to see how the implementation was/is managed and how the completed change is continuously managed. The findings show that some steps in the change process differ from earlier studies and needs to be considered, mostly policies of how digital work should be implemented and completed. And the overall wellness of the workforce is the most important factor of the continuous management. This study will add to the wide area of management, mostly to the digital management and especially to them, yet not studied, the area of the digital workplace. It will serve as an addition, focused on the digital workplace, to great and accepted management studies such as the 8-step model of leading change. The study will also give some valuable tips for the continuous management of a digital workplace.

There is currently a great deal of interest within the aviation community in the design of small, slow-flying but manoeuvrable uninhabited vehicles for reconnaissance, surveillance, and search and rescue operations in urban environments. Inspired by observation of birds, insects, fish and cetaceans, flapping wings are being actively studied in the hope that they may provide greater propulsive efficiencies than propellers and rotors at low Reynolds numbers for such Micro-Air Vehicles (MAVs). Researchers have posited the Strouhal number (combining flapping frequency, amplitude and forward speed) as the parameter controlling flapping wing aerodynamics in cruising flight, although there is conflicting evidence. This thesis explores the effect of flapping frequency and amplitude on forces and wake structures, as well as physical mechanisms leading to optimum propulsive efficiency. Two-dimensional rigid airfoils are considered at Reynolds number 2,000 ??? 40,000. A compressible Navier-Stokes simulation is combined with numerical and analytical potential flow techniques to isolate and evaluate the effect of viscosity, leading and trailing edge vortex separation, and wake vortex dynamics. The wake structures of a plunging airfoil are shown to be sensitive to the flapping frequency independent of the Strouhal number. For a given frequency, the wake of the airfoil exhibits ???vortex lock-in??? as the amplitude of motion is increased, in a manner analogous to an oscillating circular cylinder. This is caused by interaction between the flapping frequency and the ???bluff-body??? vortex shedding frequency apparent even for streamlined airfoils at low Reynolds number. The thrust and propulsive efficiency of a plunging airfoil are also shown to be sensitive to the flapping frequency independent of Strouhal number. This dependence is the result of vortex shedding from the leading edge, and an interaction between the flapping frequency and the time for vortex formation, separation and convection over the airfoil surface. The observed propulsive efficiency peak for a pitching and plunging airfoil is shown to be the result of leading edge vortex shedding at low flapping frequencies (low Strouhal numbers), and high power requirements at large flapping amplitudes (high Strouhal numbers). The efficiency peak is governed by flapping frequency and amplitude separately, rather than the Strouhal number directly.

The work place is becoming more flexible and an increasing number of employees report to a leader in another location or country. The borders between different countries, work places and cultures are diminished to a greater extent than before. Working from a distance means new opportunities in terms of competence development, flexibility in working hours, tasks and resources, a larger platform for various career opportunities and an expanded network. The purpose with this study is to examine how leaders can create a successful virtual team and motivate remotely. The qualitative study is carried out through interviews with leaders and employees within Nielsen Nordic. The result shows that the distance leader needs to be clear in terms of communication, responsibilities and expectations and allow the employees to “lead themselves”. The leader should encourage knowledge sharing and interaction in the team. Regular physical meetings are crucial for creating good relationships and effective cooperation. To create a motivated team the leader should e.g. involve the employees in decisions, work with feedback and understand the individual motivational factors. / Arbetsplatsen blir i högre utsträckning mer flexibel och fler och fler har en chef på annan ort eller i annat land. Gränserna mellan olika länder, arbetsplatser och kulturer suddas ut i större utsträckning än tidigare. Att arbeta på distans innebär bl.a. nya möjligheter vad gäller kompetensutveckling, större flexibilitet i arbetstid, arbetsuppgifter och resurser, en större plattform för olika karriärmöjligheter och ett utvidgat nätverk. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur chefer kan skapa ett framgångsrikt virtuellt team och motivera på distans. Studien är kvalitativ och har utförts genom intervjuer med chefer och medarbetare på Nielsen i Norden. Resultatet visar att distanschefen måste vara tydlig vad gäller kommunikation, ansvar och förväntningar samt till stor del låta medarbetarna ”leda sig själva”. Chefen bör även uppmuntra kunskapsutbyte och interaktion i teamet. Regelbundna fysiska möten är avgörande för att skapa en god relation och ett effektivt samarbete. För att skapa ett motiverat team bör cheferna bl.a. involvera medarbetarna i beslut, arbeta mycket med feedback samt sätta sig in i medarbetarnas individuella drivkrafter. / Kristina Solbreck

This thesis analyzed the new parameter hydrodynamic demand representing the damage of tsunami waves on structures and coastlines,maximum positive amplitudes and current velocities occurred during tsunami inundation by using the numerical model TUNAMI-N2. Regular shaped basins were used with two different bottom slopes in analyses in order to understand the behaviour of tsunami wave and investigate the change of important tsunami parameters along different slopes during tsunami inundation. In application, different initial conditions were used for wave profiles such as solitary wave, leading elevation single sinusoidal wave and leading depression sinusoidal wave. Three different initial wave amplitudes were used in order to test the change of distribution of the hydrodynamic demand. The numerical results were compared and discussed with each other and with the results of existing analytical and experimental studies.

There is currently a great deal of interest within the aviation community in the design of small, slow-flying but manoeuvrable uninhabited vehicles for reconnaissance, surveillance, and search and rescue operations in urban environments. Inspired by observation of birds, insects, fish and cetaceans, flapping wings are being actively studied in the hope that they may provide greater propulsive efficiencies than propellers and rotors at low Reynolds numbers for such Micro-Air Vehicles (MAVs). Researchers have posited the Strouhal number (combining flapping frequency, amplitude and forward speed) as the parameter controlling flapping wing aerodynamics in cruising flight, although there is conflicting evidence. This thesis explores the effect of flapping frequency and amplitude on forces and wake structures, as well as physical mechanisms leading to optimum propulsive efficiency. Two-dimensional rigid airfoils are considered at Reynolds number 2,000 ??? 40,000. A compressible Navier-Stokes simulation is combined with numerical and analytical potential flow techniques to isolate and evaluate the effect of viscosity, leading and trailing edge vortex separation, and wake vortex dynamics. The wake structures of a plunging airfoil are shown to be sensitive to the flapping frequency independent of the Strouhal number. For a given frequency, the wake of the airfoil exhibits ???vortex lock-in??? as the amplitude of motion is increased, in a manner analogous to an oscillating circular cylinder. This is caused by interaction between the flapping frequency and the ???bluff-body??? vortex shedding frequency apparent even for streamlined airfoils at low Reynolds number. The thrust and propulsive efficiency of a plunging airfoil are also shown to be sensitive to the flapping frequency independent of Strouhal number. This dependence is the result of vortex shedding from the leading edge, and an interaction between the flapping frequency and the time for vortex formation, separation and convection over the airfoil surface. The observed propulsive efficiency peak for a pitching and plunging airfoil is shown to be the result of leading edge vortex shedding at low flapping frequencies (low Strouhal numbers), and high power requirements at large flapping amplitudes (high Strouhal numbers). The efficiency peak is governed by flapping frequency and amplitude separately, rather than the Strouhal number directly.

Le travail de thèse présenté ici vise à caractériser et simuler les forces mécaniques impliquées dans le processus de fermeture dorsale chez l’organisme Drosophila melanogaster. Ce processus participe à l’acquisition par l’embryon de sa forme finale. Ainsi, l’objectif du travail présenté ici est d’approfondir nos connaissances sur la mécanique des tissus,ainsi que sur leur rôle dans l’embryogenèse.La fermeture dorsale est un processus similaire à la cicatrisation, dans lequel la fermeture du trou dorsal est réalisée par l'amnioséreuse, qui couvre le trou dorsal, et la rangée la plus dorsale des cellules de l'épiderme: les leading edge cells.Une partie du travail présenté ici étudie aussi les mouvements des cellules du leading edge,dans le but de comprendre l’effet du câble d’actine sur la dynamique de la fermeture dorsale.Un algorithme permettant de détecter les contours des cellules, leur position ainsi que celle de leurs jonctions multiples a été développé, ainsi qu'un interface utilisateur.Différents modèles dynamiques ont ensuite été construits, prenant en compte différents comportements mécaniques, selon l’approche lagrangienne. Les systèmes d’équations ont été résolus numériquement, et leurs prédictions comparées aux données biologiques selon l’approche des moindres carrés. Les résultats ont été validés par le test de la fonction d’auto corrélation.Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse nous permettent de mieux comprendre les processus mécaniques impliqués dans les oscillations des cellules de l’amnioséreuse. Ils nous donnent aussi des indices sur leurs caractéristiques biologiques. Ils nous permettent enfin de mieux appréhender le rôle du cabled’actine dans ce processus. / The work presented here aims at characterizing and simulating the mechanical forces involved in the process of Dorsal Closure in the organism Drosophila melanogaster, an embryonic process. In particular, Dorsal Closure participates in the acquisition of the final form of the embryo. Therefore, the work presented here aims at fathoming our knowledge on tissues mechanics, as well as their role in the acquisition of shape. The tissues involved in Dorsal Closure are the epidermis and the amnioserosa. At this stage of development, the epidermis surrounds almost all the embryo. Nevertheless, the amnioserosa still covers a large area of the dorsal side called dorsal hole. Hence, Dorsal Closure aims at shutting this hole and joining the lateral sides of the epidermis, in a process similar to wound healing. In order to fuse the two sides of the epidermis on the dorsal line, the epidermis must be drawn dorsalward. This movement is driven by the amnioserosa on the one hand, and by the dorsalmost row of the epidermis (called Leading Edge cells) on the other hand. The latter first form a transcellular Actin Cable around the dorsal hole. The cable, contracting, will reduce the area of the dorsal hole, covered by the amnioserosa. Second, the Leading Edge cells emit protrusions that will attach to the opposite Leading Edge and drag it toward themselves, untill the two sides of the epidermis fuse. These protrusions have a limited range, hence the dragging and fusion only take place at the ends of the dorsal hole (called canthi), where the distance between the two Leading Edges is small enough. The Amnioserosa also drags the epidermis toward the dorsal line. Its cells produce a contractile network. Interstingly, Amnioserosa cells see the area of their top side (apical side) vary in a periodic way. Although these variations have been widely studied, their role in Dorsal Closure remains unknown. This PhD aims at improving our knowledge of the mechanical concepts involved in these oscillations, and to build a physical model representing these movements. The work presented here also studies the movements of the Leading Edge cells, in order to understand the effect of the Actin Cableon the dynamics of Dorsal Closure. In order to study the cells movements and the role of the tissues involved in Dorsal Closure, an algorithm was developped, allowing to detect the cells edges, their position, as well as those of their vertices (multiple junction between three or four cells) and to track them over time. A user interface was also developped, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the parameters allowing the detection, as well as the correction of possible errors. Various dynamical models were then built following the lagrangian approach. The systems of equations deriving from the Euler-Lagrange equations were numerically solved, and their predictions compared to the biological data extracted thanks to the algorithm presented earlier, following the least square approach. The model validation was performed thanks to the autocorrelation function test. Finally, the Leading Edge dynamics was studied characterising the cellular movements at the interface between the epidermis and the amnioserosa. Wild type embryos dynamics were compared to those of mutated embryos showing specific defects in the Actin Cable formation. The results presented in this manuscript allow a better understanding of the processes involved in in Amnioserosa cells oscicllations. They also give clues on their biological characteristics. Finally, they assess the role of the actin cable in this process similar to wound healing.

Följande avhandlingsarbete har utförts som en fallstudie på BillerudKorsnäs tillsammans med en litteraturstudie som har gett upphov till den teoretiska referensram som grundläggande lagt grunden för mätstrukturen Key Performance Indicators (KPI) utformad för underhållsorganisationen. Vidare har datainsamling i form av intern och extern benchmarking tillsammans med dokumentstudier, semistrukturerade intervjuer och strukturerade observationer genomförts för att få en fullständig redogörelse för den aktuella situationen i enlighet med riktlinjerna för examensarbete på högskolenivå. Examensarbetet täcker ämnet för underhållsteknik och syftar till att kartlägga underhållsstrategin för att kunna utforma en Key Performance Indikator (KPI: s) mätstruktur för BillerudKorsnäs. Examensarbetet ger därefter upphov till analysavsnittet som med stöd av den teoretiska referensramen redogör för det förbättringsförslag och framtida rekommendationer att belysa för ett underhåll och driftsäkerhet i världsklass. Studien framställer underhållsverksamheten med utgångspunkt från svensk standard och en ledande och eftersläpande mätetalsstruktur som vetenskapligt underlag. Detta har resulterat i en tydligt definierat underhållsstrategi med nyckeltalsprestationer för en underhållsorganisation där underhållstrategin är kopplad till företagets vision och strategi. Frågeställningen som är kopplad till problemformuleringen genomsyrar arbetet och handlar om att redogöra för hur man kan anknyta till underhållstrategin och redogöra för vilka KPI:er som skall redovisas, för att skapa en effektiv och produktiv underhållsverksamhet som arbetar i enlighet med de mål man satt upp på BillerudKorsnäs- Sulfatfabrik. Resultatet från det bedrivna arbetet visar att KPI-strukturen inte är i enlighet med den underhållstrategi BillerudKorsnäs på koncernnivå fastställt, vidare så påvisar nyckeltalen inte ett effektmätetal relevant för underhållsverksamheten och fabriksledningen. Genom förbättringsförslaget som föreslås tas en ny KPI-struktur fram som ger en mätbarhet till underhållsverksamheten och är kopplad till BillerudKorsnäs vision och strategi för ”Bästa arbetsätt” inom underhåll och driftsäkerhet i världsklass. / The following thesis work has been carried out as a case study at BillerudKorsnäs together with a literature study which has given rise to the theoretical frame of reference which fundamentally laid the foundation for the Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s) measurement structure designed for the company. Furthermore, data collection in the form of internal and external benchmarking together with document studies, semi-structured interviews and structured observations has been carried out in order to get a complete view of the current situation as possible in accordance with the guidelines for scientific research approach. The research covers the subject area of ​​maintenance technology and aims to map the maintenance strategy to be able to design a (KPI’s) measurement structure for BillerudKorsnäs maintenance organization. The thesis then gives rise to the analysis section which, with the support of the theoretical frame of reference, describes the improvement proposals and future recommendations to elucidate world-class maintenance and reliability. The study presents maintenance operations based on Swedish standards and “leading and lagging” measurement structure as a scientific basis. This has resulted in a defined metric structure with key performance measures for a maintenance organization where the maintenance strategy is connected to the company's vision and strategy. The question linked to the problem formulation permeates the research and is about explaining how to link to the maintenance strategy and describing which KPIs are to be reported, in order to create an efficient and productive maintenance organization that functions in accordance to the maintenance goals set on BillerudKorsnäs- Sulfatfabrik. The results of the conducted research show that the KPI- structure has not been established in accordance with BillerudKorsnäs' maintenance strategy at a cooperation level, furthermore, the key figures do not show an effect metric relevant to the maintenance operations and the factory management. The proposed improvement proposal proposes a new KPI- structure that provides measurability to the industrial maintenance operation and is symmetrical with BillerudKorsnäs vision and strategy for "Best working methods" in world-class maintenance and reliability.