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Elever som hamnar i matematiksvårigheter ska, utöver ledning och stimulans, genom extra anpassningar och/eller särskilt stöd få det stöd som krävs för att de ska kunna nå utbildningens mål. Elever erbjuds i en del fall, utöver stöd från ämneslärare i helklass, särskilt stöd av speciallärare, specialpedagoger eller lärare med specialpedagogisk kompetens. Det stödet kan ges i särskild undervisningsgrupp till skillnad från stöd från lärare som ges i den ordinarie undervisningen. Elever får därför undervisning av olika lärare och i den här studien undersöks lärarsamarbete kring undervisning av dessa elever. Syftet är att undersöka hur några ämneslärare, speciallärare/specialpedagog och lärare med specialpedagogisk kompetens i matematik samarbetar i det dagliga arbetet kring elever i behov av särskilt stöd. I den småskaliga studien undersöks lärarnas samarbete kring elever som delar sin undervisning och går mellan en klassrumssituation och en särskild undervisningsgrupp. Det är en kvalitativ studie där data har samlats in via semistrukturerade intervjuer. Elva lärare har deltagit i studien. Lärare avser här ämneslärare, speciallärare/specialpedagog och lärare med specialpedagogisk kompetens. Studiens resultat visar att skolorna oftast har en ”studio” eller motsvarande dit eleverna går vissa lektioner men att det verkar saknas ett systematiskt samarbete kring elever som får stöd i särskild undervisningsgrupp. I ”studion” finns större tillgång till laborativt och konkret material jämfört med i det vanliga klassrummet samt att fler uppgifter görs muntligen där. När eleven deltar i helklassundervisning ges eleven extra anpassningar i form av att läraren väljer vilka uppgifter eleven ska göra, möjlighet till paus under lektion och eleven arbetar oftast tyst för sig själv. De faktorer som påverkar samarbetet mellan lärarna upplevs vara organisation, kommunikation och relation.

Approximately five percent of the Swedish population suffer from dyslexia. Therefore, this degree project aims to gain an insight into what pedagogical support in Swedish and English teaching can be offered to dyslexic pupils. Firstly, this paper provides an overview of theories and literature on dyslexia in L1 and L2. The researchers’ findings show that dyslectic difficulties in the L1 is most likely to affect – either by limiting or enhancing – the pupils’ abilities to learn a L2. Strategies (spelling, comparing sounds and letters) that pupils learned when they started to read and write in their L1 and the differences in orthographic systems between L1 and L2 influence their reading and writing in L2. This study is also based on interviews of four K-3 teachers in the south of Sweden. The major conclusions of this study are that (i) dyslectic difficulties extend across languages, (ii) variation of the teachers’ knowledge of dyslexia might depend on the length of their professional teaching experience and their willingness and interest to learn more about dyslexia, (iii) K-3 teachers are dependent on special education teachers’ advice on how to support dyslexic pupils, and (iv) K-3 teachers use digital resources and audiobooks to train the reading and writing in L1, but not in L2 since English in K-3 mostly focuses in training pupils’ speaking skills.

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Yes / Visual representations of prisons and their inmates are common in the news and social media, with stories about riots, squalor, drugs, selfharm and suicide hitting the headlines. Prisoners’ families are left to worry about the implications of such events on their kin, while those incarcerated and less able to understand social cues, norms and rules, are vulnerable to deteriorating mental health at best, to death at worst. As part of the life-story method in my research with offenders who are on the autism spectrum, have mental health problems and/or have learning difficulties, and prisoner’s mothers, I asked participants to take photographs, reflecting upon their experiences. Photographs in this case, were primarily used to help respondents consider and articulate their feelings in follow-up interviews. Notably, seeing (and imagining) is often how we make a connection to something (object or feeling), or someone (relationships), such that images in fiction, news/social media, drama, art, film and photographs can shape the way people think and behave – indeed feel about things and people. Images and representations ought to be taken seriously in researching social life, as how we interpret photographs, paintings, stories and television shows is based on our own imaginings, biography, culture and history. Therefore, we look at and process an image before words escape, by ‘seeing’ and imagining. How my participants and I ‘collaborate’ in doing visual methods and then how we make meaning of the photographs in storying their feelings, is insightful. As it is, I wanted to enable my participants to make and create their own stories via their photographs and narratives, whilst connecting to them, along with my own interpretation and subjectivities. / The Leverhulme Trust RF-2016-613\8

Yes / This research investigates the perceived clarity and usefulness of infographic versus traditional text-based assessment guidelines among undergraduate nursing students with and without specific learning difficulties (SpLDs). Through quantitative analysis, the study reveals that undergraduate nursing students with SpLDs significantly prefer infographics over text-based guidelines, both in terms of clarity and usefulness (p < .001). Interestingly, there were no statistically significant differences in the perceptions of students without SpLDs. These findings suggest that the use of infographics as a tool for presenting assessment guidelines could contribute to more inclusive educational practices. The research further highlights the potential of infographics to not only make complex information more accessible but also to cater to diverse learning needs. As higher education institutions strive to be more inclusive, adapting assessment guidelines to suit the varied learning styles and cognitive needs of all students, particularly those with SpLDs, becomes increasingly important. This paper provides initial evidence to support the adoption of infographic-based assessment guidelines as a step towards achieving this goal.

This Master's Diploma Thesis The personal experience of Specific Learning Difficulties as the way how to understand student's abilities is devoted to educating students with specific learning disabilities. The special emphasis of the work is on the impact of disabilities on psychical, social, educational and professional life of an individual. The aim of the first part of the Research Project was to comprehend how students with specific learning disabilities perceive individual manifestations of their learning difficulties. The data were applied to a scheme and realization of an experimental workshop for primary school teachers with the aim of helping to improve the relationship between teachers and students. The purpose of the second part of research was to hold an experimental workshop offering its participants a subjective experience of specific developmental learning disabilities, their identification with students' learning difficulties and a future introduction of new didactic and psycho-social procedures into their teaching process. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The former is devoted to different psycho-social aspects of specific learning difficulties from the position of a student and an individual, the empirical part includes qualitative research conducted in...

Many scholars have argued that the education system in Brazil tends to strengthen the pattern that reproduces inequalities, where families with higher income are likely to be the ones holding the majority in education in Brazil. The focus lies in ten interviewees, thereof five parents/caregivers and five professionals that works/worked with the children who were interviewed in Banco da Vitória /Ilhéus, south of Bahia, Brazil 2012. This qualitative study intends to analyse the underlying social causes from a sociological perspective in how the informants reflect upon the child´s/children learning difficulties at the elementary school, Casa da Criança /Escola Daniel Rebouças in the shantytown Banco da Vitória. It will try to answer questions such as; which are the main social causes that affect a child´s learning difficulties in Escola Daniel Rebouças, according to the informants/interviewees? How has the informant´s situation affected their own perception in the child´s/children’s learning difficulties? This paper studies marginalised people who lives in a marginalised district, Banco da Vitória. It will highlight home environment and education to show a continuing pattern that causes the child´s/children´s learning difficulties. This study will demonstrate the necessary cooperation between the school, government, teachers, and parents/caregiver in order to improve the children´s education and well-being.

TITLE: Teaching English to Pupils With Dysorthography AUTHOR: Bc. Monika Reslerová DEPARTMENT: Department of English Language and Literature SUPERVISOR: Mgr. Klára Uličná, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The thesis relates the issue of dysorthography in connection to EFL instruction with a special attention paid to lower secondary schools. The theoretical part of the text contains basic information on special educational needs, followed by a chapter on Specific Learning Difficulties, their causes and symptoms. The concept of dysorthography is explained and its possible consequences on acquisition of English spelling and grammar described, followed by a list of recommended approaches, methods, techniques and aids which can be useful for teaching English to dysorthographic pupils. The practical part of the text gives an account of a multiple-case study which was carried out among experienced English teachers at schools that pay special attention to children with SEN. The research is focused on the teachers' experience and know-how and compares the obtained data to the recommendations given in the theoretical part. KEYWORDS Specific Learning Difficulties, Dyslexia, Dysorthography, Teaching English as a Foreign Language, grammar, spelling

The specific learning difficulties (LD) are nowadays frequently discussed topic, which is still more current even at high schools. Teachers should help these students because of their learning difficulties. LD students are not stupid, they just need a little bit different approach in the classroom than the others. This thesis mainly shows various teachers' approaches to students with LD in different schools and different countries. Because I study teaching biology and chemistry, the work is focused on science subjects and on teachers of these subjects. The aim of this paper is also to propose the basic procedures of working with the LD students for high school teachers with the real ideas of possible adaptations in the science class. In order to discuss approaches to the work with LD students it was necessary to prepare an LD overview at first. To achieve the aims of the work we used methods such as literary research, questionnaire survey and interviews with teachers and students. The theoretical part summarizes basic information about various learning difficulties, different approach to LD students in science, the teachers' and classmates' attitudes to LD in various countries and different approaches to integration of LD students in various countries. The task of the practical part was to identify...