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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1021

[en] SPATIAL FILTERS APPLICATION TO THE RESTAURATION OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE ESSAY MAGNETIC IMAGES / [pt] APLICAÇÃO DE FILTROS ESPACIAIS À RESTAURAÇÃO DE IMAGENS MAGNÉTICAS OBTIDAS EM ENSAIOS NÃO-DESTRUTIVOS

EDUARDO ANDRADE LIMA 26 July 2006 (has links)
[pt] Desenvolveu-se uma técnica de restauração de imagens de defeitos existentes em materiais ferromagnéticos, obtidas pela solução do problema inverso para sinais simulados proveniente do método de Ensaios Não-Destrutivos conhecido como Magnetic Flux Leakage. Baseada em princípios de filtragem ótima, a técnica visa reduzir distorções introduzidas nas imagens pela Inversa MNSL (Minimum-Norm Least-Squares Inverse). Com a aplicação desta técnica, é possível caracterizar mais precisamente diversos tipos de defeitos. / [en] Na image processing technique was developed to restore images of defects in ferromagnetic materials. Such images are obtained by solving the eletromagnetic inverse problem associated with the Magnetic Flux Leakage method of Nondestructive Evaluation. Based upon optimal filtering, the technique aims to reduce distortions introduced by the Minimum-Norm Least-Square Inverse. By applying such technique it is possible to better characterize various defect types.
1022

Undersökning och konsekvensbeskrivning av användartyper hos ett företag : En balansgång mellan IT-säkerhet och användbarhet.

Jonsson, Kristina January 2007 (has links)
En av de svåraste utmaningarna som ett företag står inför är jämvikten mellan användbarhet och säkerhet, så att ingen av dessa väger över och på så vis påverkar organisationen negativt. Utifrån intervjuer med anställda har användbarheten undersökts, även samtal med ansvariga inom IT-säkerhet har givit förståelse för företagets arbete inom området. I det undersökta företaget kan man se att stor tyngd läggs på säkerheten, vilket kan påverkar användbarheten för användarna. Eftersom det i nuläget saknas en utredning och ett riktigt beslutsunderlag av vilka användare som skall ha vilka behörigheter på sina datorer, ges i slutet av arbetet rekommendationer till företaget gällande användartypernas fördelning utifrån säkerhetsperspektiv och ur användarnas egen användbarhetsuppfattning.
1023

Investigation of multivariate prediction methods for the analysis of biomarker data

Hennerdal, Aron January 2006 (has links)
The paper describes predictive modelling of biomarker data stemming from patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. Improvements of multivariate analyses of the data are investigated with the goal of increasing the capability to assign samples to correct subgroups from the data alone. The effects of different preceding scalings of the data are investigated and combinations of multivariate modelling methods and variable selection methods are evaluated. Attempts at merging the predictive capabilities of the method combinations through voting-procedures are made. A technique for improving the result of PLS-modelling, called bagging, is evaluated. The best methods of multivariate analysis of the ones tried are found to be Partial least squares (PLS) and Support vector machines (SVM). It is concluded that the scaling have little effect on the prediction performance for most methods. The method combinations have interesting properties – the default variable selections of the multivariate methods are not always the best. Bagging improves performance, but at a high cost. No reasons for drastically changing the work flows of the biomarker data analysis are found, but slight improvements are possible. Further research is needed.
1024

Modélisation électrothermique de composants électriques et électroniques automobiles et estimation des résistances de contact dans les connecteurs / Electrothermal modeling of automotive electrical and electronic components and estimatation of contact resistance in connectors

Chevrié, Mathieu 19 July 2016 (has links)
Un connecteur électrique automobile est le siège de points de contact électriques soumis à des échauffements supplémentaires par effet Joule provoqués par leurs résistances de contact. La dégradation d’une résistance de contact peut provoquer des échauffements critiques au niveau des points de contact. La présente étude propose deux approches pour détecter les variations anormales des résistances de contact. La première, appliquée à un connecteur de boîtier électronique automobile, repose sur un diagnostic à base de modèle afin de détecter les variations anormales de la résistance de contact par rapport à sa valeur nominale. La seconde approche,appliquée à un connecteur de recharge de véhicule électrique, consiste d’abord à estimer un flux de chaleur lié à l’effet Joule provoqué par la résistance de contact. La valeur de cette dernière est ensuite estimée grâce à la méthode des moindres carrés. Ces deux approches reposent sur des modèles électrothermiques des connecteurs considérés et de leurs environnements. Cette étude présente également le développement de ces modèles, et notamment l’optimisation du maillage d’un fil électrique basée sur la minimisation de la norme H2 de l’erreur entre un modèle maillé d’ordre entier et un modèle analytique de référence d’ordre non entier. / An automotive electrical connector contains electrical contact points subject to additional temperature rises by Joule effect caused by their contact resistances. The deterioration of a contact resistance can cause critical overheating at the contact points. This study proposes two approaches to detect abnormal changes in contact resistance. The first one, applied to an automotive electric case connector, relies on a model-based diagnosis to detect an abnormal variation in the contact resistance with respect to its nominal value. The second one, applied toan electric vehicle charging connector, consists in estimating a heat flow related to the Joule effect caused by the contact resistance. The value of the latter is then estimated using the least squares.These approaches rely on electrothermal models considered connectors and their environments.This study also presents the development of these models, including the optimization of the mesh of an electrical wire based on the minimization of the H2-norm of the error between ameshed integer order model and a reference analytical fractional order model.
1025

Multivariat dataanalys för att undersöka skillnader i undervisnings- och bedömningspraxis i kursen kemi 2

Larsson, Daniel January 2018 (has links)
Trots att det inom forskningsvärlden propageras för formativ bedömning, kan man i dagsläget notera en mycket stor variation gällande införlivandet av, samt effekter av, formativ bedömning i skolor. Metoder för att kartlägga formativ bedömningspraxis fordras för att kunna särskilja på ”god” respektive ”mindre god” formativ bedömningspraxis. Syftet med föreliggande uppsats var att, med hjälp av en elevenkät och multivariata projektionsmetoder såsom PCA och PLS-DA, kartlägga, och särskilja, formativ bedömningspraxis hos sex olika gymnasieklasser som genomfört kursen kemi 2. Ett sekundärt syfte var även att, med samma verktyg, försöka karakterisera och särskilja frekvenser av olika genomförda undervisningsmoment inom samma kurs och klasser. Studien visade, på ett grafiskt och illustrativt sätt, en stor variation av upplevelser av formativ bedömning inom de tillfrågade klasserna. Vidare visade sig PCA vara ett utmärkt verktyg för att identifiera elevsvar som låg utanför den ”normala” variationen. Genom en PLS-DA-analys påvisades en skillnad i frekvenser av genomförda undervisningsmoment mellan två kommunala och en privat skola – även om dessa resultat bör tolkas med en viss försiktighet.
1026

Um controlador adaptativo robusto aplicado a conversores estáticos conectados à rede elétrica através de filtro LCL / A robust adaptive controller applied to a grid-connected static converters through LCL filter

Tambara, Rodrigo Varella 26 August 2014 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This Thesis deals with the development of a novel robust model reference adaptive controller (RMRAC), in discrete-time applied to grid-connected systems using LCL filter. This controller uses a modified robust parameters identifier based on a recursive least-squares algorithm. Two control structures are analyzed: state feedback approach and input-output approach. The robust stability analysis of the controller is presented including unmodeled dynamics. Thus, through these analyses, constraints design, in discrete-time, are obtained. For the validation of the proposed control algorithm, simulation and experimental results of a grid-connected power converter with LCL-filter, with current control, are presented. / Esta Tese de Doutorado apresenta o desenvolvimento de um novo controlador adaptativo por modelo de referência, totalmente desenvolvido em tempo discreto, aplicado a sistemas conectados à rede de energia elétrica empregando filtro LCL. Este controlador utiliza um identificador de parâmetros modificado robusto baseado no método dos mínimos quadrados recursivos. Em relação à estrutura do controlador, a abordagem por realimentação de estados e a abordagem entrada-saída são utilizadas. A análise de estabilidade robusta do controlador é apresentada incluindo dinâmicas não-modeladas. Por meio destas análises, restrições de projeto (em tempo discreto) são obtidas. Para a validação do algoritmo proposto, resultados de simulação e experimentais do sistema de controle de corrente em um conversor conectado à rede de energia elétrica com filtro LCL são apresentados.
1027

One Step Closer to Non-Invasive: Quantifying Coral Zooxanthellae Pigment Concentrations Using Bio-Optics

Hancock, Harmony Alise 01 June 2012 (has links)
Due to the invasive nature of quantification techniques, baseline pigment data for coral-dwelling zooxanthellae are not known. In an attempt to develop a model for non-invasive estimation of zooxanthellae pigment concentrations from corals, field samples were taken from Porites rus and P. lutea in Apra Harbor, Guam. In-situ reflectance spectra (R400-R800) from 22 coral colonies were collected. “Coral truthing” was accomplished by extracting corresponding tissue core samples. Subsequent analysis to quantify the concentrations of 6 zooxanthellae pigments (µg cm-2) was performed using HPLC. Trials of multiple linear regressions were attempted (EJ Hochberg) and found inappropriate, despite previous success. The multivariate calibration technique partial least squares regression (PLS-R) is an excellent tool in the case of co-linear variables. Thus, PLS-R was attempted for chlorophyll c2 and peridinin after demonstration of co-linearity. This may be an appropriate approach for development of bio-optical models to estimate zooxanthellae pigment concentrations. Further, the dinoflagellate diagnostic pigment peridinin may be of great value for reef-scale remote sensing of changes in coral status in the future.
1028

Some Extensions of Fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Model : Arbitrage and Other Applications

Morlanes, José Igor January 2017 (has links)
This doctoral thesis endeavors to extend probability and statistical models using stochastic differential equations. The described models capture essential features from data that are not explained by classical diffusion models driven by Brownian motion. New results obtained by the author are presented in five articles. These are divided into two parts. The first part involves three articles on statistical inference and simulation of a family of processes related to fractional Brownian motion and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, the so-called fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process of the second kind (fOU2). In two of the articles, we show how to simulate fOU2 by means of circulant embedding method and memoryless transformations. In the other one, we construct a least squares consistent estimator of the drift parameter and prove the central limit theorem using techniques from Stochastic Calculus for Gaussian processes and Malliavin Calculus. The second phase of my research consists of two articles about jump market models and arbitrage portfolio strategies for an insider trader. One of the articles describes two arbitrage free markets according to their risk neutral valuation formula and an arbitrage strategy by switching the markets. The key aspect is the difference in volatility between the markets. Statistical evidence of this situation is shown from a sequential data set. In the other one, we analyze the arbitrage strategies of an strong insider in a pure jump Markov chain financial market by means of a likelihood process. This is constructed in an enlarged filtration using Itô calculus and general theory of stochastic processes. / Föreliggande doktorsavhandling strävar efter att utöka sannolikhetsbaserade och statistiska modeller med stokastiska differentialekvationer. De beskrivna modellerna fångar väsentliga egenskaper i data som inte förklaras av klassiska diffusionsmodeller för brownsk rörelse.  Nya resultat, som författaren har härlett, presenteras i fem uppsatser. De är ordnade i två delar. Del 1 innehåller tre uppsatser om statistisk inferens och simulering av en familj av stokastiska processer som är relaterade till fraktionell brownsk rörelse och Ornstein-Uhlenbeckprocessen, så kallade andra ordningens fraktionella Ornstein-Uhlenbeckprocesser (fOU2). I två av uppsatserna visar vi hur vi kan simulera fOU2-processer med hjälp av cyklisk inbäddning och minneslös transformering. I den tredje uppsatsen konstruerar vi en minsta-kvadratestimator som ger konsistent skattning av driftparametern och bevisar centrala gränsvärdessatsen med tekniker från statistisk analys för gaussiska processer och malliavinsk analys.  Del 2 av min forskning består av två uppsatser om marknadsmodeller med plötsliga hopp och portföljstrategier med arbitrage för en insiderhandlare. En av uppsatserna beskriver två arbitragefria marknader med riskneutrala värderingsformeln och en arbitragestrategi som består i växla mellan marknaderna. Den väsentliga komponenten är skillnaden mellan marknadernas volatilitet. Statistisk evidens i den här situationen visas utifrån ett sekventiellt datamaterial. I den andra uppsatsen analyserar vi arbitragestrategier hos en insiderhandlare i en finansiell marknad som förändrar sig enligt en Markovkedja där alla förändringar i tillstånd består av plötsliga hopp. Det gör vi med en likelihoodprocess. Vi konstruerar detta med utökad filtrering med hjälp av Itôanalys och allmän teori för stokastiska processer. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Manuscript. Paper 5: Manuscript.</p>
1029

Special and differential treatment for trade in agriculture: does it answer the quest for development in African countries?

Mulleta, Fantu Farris January 2009 (has links)
Magister Legum - LLM / The research paper seeks to investigate the possible ways in which African countries can maximise their benefit from the existing special and differential treatment clauses for trade in agriculture, and, then, make recommendations as to what should be the potential bargaining position of African countries with regard to future trade negotiations on agricultural trade. / South Africa
1030

Liberalisation of trade in services: enhancing the temporary movement of natural persons (mode 4), a least developed countries' perspective

Mubiru, Edna Katushabe January 2009 (has links)
Magister Legum - LLM / South Africa

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