Enligt Naturvårdsverket (2010) står Sveriges bebyggelse för närmare 40 % av landets totala energianvändning och detta måste minskas radikalt.  För att skapa en standard och göra det lättare för miljöarbetet har miljöcertifieringar instiftats. Enligt Sweden Green Buildings Council (2015b) finns det i dagsläget 4 stycken miljöcertifieringar: Miljöbyggnad, LEED BREEAM och GreenBuilding. Eftersom miljöcertifieringar blir allt mer populära har Tyréns AB upplevt en större efterfrågan på dessa. De har därför sett ett behov av att få bättre underlag för hur de som konstruktörer påverkas vid projektering för att kunna klara olika miljöcertifieringar. Detta examensarbete behandlar Miljöbyggnad och LEED och valdes därför att de gäller på alla typer av byggnader. För Miljöbyggnad användes ett referensobjekt, ”Kvarteret Jongärdan”. Detta för att dels se vilket betyg byggnaden har och dels för att se vad som krävdes för att uppnå respektive betyg. Syftet med detta examensarbete har varit att skapa en manual, där konstruktörerna på Tyréns AB får information om hur de berörs av Miljöbyggnad och LEED. För Miljöbyggnad är detta presenterat i form av en checklista. Denna manual finns tillgänglig för konstruktörerna på Tyréns AB och är en sammanfattning av examensarbetet. Slutsatsen av denna rapport är att konstruktören påverkas i större grad vid Miljöbyggnad än med LEED. I Miljöbyggnad berördes konstruktören direkt av ungefär hälften av de 15 delmålen men vid LEED som bygger på ett poängsystem kunde konstruktören bara uppnå 38 poäng av 110. Detta beror på att LEED även tar hänsyn till vilken plats byggnaden är på, mycket runt omkring byggnaden som infrastrukturen och användning av transport. En annan slutsats är att den checklista som skapades för konstruktören även kan användas vid framtida projekt vid liknande byggnader då åtgärderna som vidtogs på referensobjektet ”kv. Jongärdan” visar att alla betyg kunde uppnås. I framtida projekt kan alltså konstruktören använda sig av checklistan och med hjälp av denna klara silver respektive guld för de indikatorerna som konstruktören berörs av. Målet med denna rapport har därmed uppfyllts. / The buildings of Sweden stands for almost 40 % of the total energy use and this must change drastically (Naturvårdsverket, 2015).In order to create a standard and make it easier for building environmental work, environmental certifications have been established. Today there are four environmental certifications: “Miljöbyggnad”, LEED, BREEAM and Greenbuilding (Sweden Green Building Council, 2015b). Since environmental certifications have become more popular, Tyréns AB has experienced a larger demand for these and therefore wants more information about how the environmental certifications affect them as structural engineers. This thesis includes the environmental certifications, “Miljöbyggnad” and LEED. These two were chosen to study because they apply to all kinds of buildings.  For “Miljöbyggnad” a reference object was used to see what grade it has and what it needed to achieve the other grades in “Miljöbyggnad”. The purpose of this project was to create a manual where the structural engineers get the information they need about how they can achieve “Miljöbyggnad” and LEED. For the certification called “Miljöbyggnad” this is presented in the form of a checklist. The conclusion of this thesis is that the structural engineer is affected more by the certification “Miljöbyggnad” than LEED. About half of the intermediate goals were affected by the structural engineer in “Miljöbyggnad” but with LEED, that consist of a system of points which the structural engineer could only reach 38 points of 110. That is because LEED is dependent on the area being good where the building is to be erected and it also takes into consideration things like infrastructure and the use of transportation. Another conclusion is that the checklist made for the structural engineer can also be used in future projects because the measures taken on the reference object “kv.Jongärdan” show that the criteria for all the different classifications could have been met. In future projects, the structural engineers can use the checklist to help them reach the conditions required for classifications silver or gold in “Miljöbyggnad” with similar buildings. The goal of this project has thereby been achieved.

Chemnitz, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2006.

Chemnitz, Techn. Univ., Diplomarb., 1998.

Sustainable Built Environments Senior Capstone Project / This capstone aims to study what types of sustainable renovation improvements would work best on older commercial buildings in Tucson. The issue being, what different types of upgrades are compatible with the types of buildings and environment in the Tucson area? This was determined with researching and comparing the data from three older buildings, which have undergone renovations and also received LEED certification. The results were significant in that the buildings studied had many similar improvements such as, installing high efficiency HVAC, upgrading insulation, using natural lighting to reduce artificial along with the usage of LED and or CFL bulbs. Low flow water fixtures were also used in all buildings to reduce water usage. The differences were the building in Phoenix also installed solar panels, along with a solar chimney for cooling, as the other two did not due to their locations in Illinois and Michigan. When these renovations were analyzed, many could be utilized in the Tucson environment. However, depending on the type of structure being renovated, the installation of HVAC, and the need for insulation could vary, due to some older buildings being brick or adobe.

1 / SPK / archives@tulane.edu

Innan årsskiftet 2011-2012 blev Sveriges första lager som är miljöcertifierat enligt LEED färdigställt. LEED står för Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design och är en miljöcertifiering som har funnits sedan år 2000. LEED finns i fyra olika nivåer - certified, silver, gold och platinum. Vilken nivå som projektet når baseras på ett poängsystem som bedömer byggnaden i sju kategorier och projektet som avser vår fallstudie är certifierad i nivå gold. LEED växer ständigt och är idag en internationellt väletablerad miljöcertifiering. Till dagens datum (2012-03-27) finns 31450 projekt (560 miljoner m2 lokalyta) certifierade enligt LEED. Examensarbetet görs för Skanska Hus Sydost och har som syfte och mål att få svar på hur LEED-certifiering påverkat projektering och produktion, hur mycket merkostnad certifieringen har inneburit för projekt Gruset 1 samt hur det påverkat byggnadens mervärde, det vill säga åtgärder som ökar fastighetens marknadsvärde. Utifrån tillgängliga data har vi utifrån fakturor relaterade till miljöcertifieringen beräknat att LEED-certifieringen har resulterat i en tilläggskostnad på 2,11 %. För att nå målet i examensarbetet som nämns i ovanstående stycke har det gjorts intervjuer med följande respondenter: Byggherre/beställare, entreprenörer, konsulter och hyresgäst. LEED har utifrån respondenternas svar framstått som ett bra alternativ även om det har inneburit vissa problem under projektets gång. / Before the end of 2011 the first warehouse that is certified under LEED was completed. LEED stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design and is a environmental certification that was first launched the year of 2000. LEED is available in four levels - certified, silver, gold and platinum. What level the project will be certified with is based on a point-system that assesses the building in seven categories. This case study was certified with the level of gold. LEED is growing steadily and is now a well-established international environmental certification. At the time of writing (2012-03-27) more than 560 million m2 of commercial (which primarily serves the interests of profit) facilities are certified under LEED and are distributed over more than 31450 projects. This bachelor thesis is done on the behalf of Skanska Region Hus Sydost and includes how a LEED-certification affects the planning and production, how much additional cost the certification has brought to this project and how it affects the buildings value (measures that increase the property's market value) and how the certification is used by involved parties. For this case study it has been estimated that the LEED-certification has resulted in an additional cost of 2.11 %. To achieve the goal of the thesis mentioned in the paragraph above, there have been interviews with the following respondents: developer / clients, contractors, consultants and tenants. LEED is based on respondents' answers appeared to be a good alternative even if it meant some problems during the project.

In this professional report LEED for neighborhood development (LEED-ND) is analyzed through the lens of disaster resilience and mitigation. The new LEED-ND certification system recently created by the U.S. Green Building Council looks to be a popular method to create sustainable developments. LEED-ND as a system does not take hazards into account when certifying projects. Using HAZUS and hazard assessment methodologies LEED-ND is shown to do almost nothing to mitigate hazard losses. This is seen using the example of two hazard types (fire and earthquake). Since LEED-ND does not address hazards within the context of its system it is shown that LEED-ND is neither truly sustainable nor disaster resilient. Given the current trend of increasing hazard losses initiatives such as LEED-ND will have to address the issue of hazards moving forward. / text

In the design phase of any building industry, appropriate material selection is critical for the entire project. A poor choice of material may affect the quality of the project, lead to high cost during the long term operation and maintenance phases, and even endangering humans and the environment. Since the inception of the United States Green Building Council (USGBC) in 1993, ¡°green¡± buildings have become a hot topic and people have become concerned about how sustainable their buildings are. In order to determine the level of sustainability in buildings, the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) has developed a rating system that has been established now as the common denominator in the industry. However, the LEED rating system simplifies, or even ignores, explicit considerations for Lifecycle Assessment (LCA) in determining the selection of building materials. This lack of explicit consideration for LCA does not permit a full assessment in determining how truly sustainable the chosen materials are. This research analyzes the factors impacting the selection of the green materials and reviews the current standards used in green material. It proposes a more comprehensive rating method for the green material selection illustrating its applicability through a case study analysis based on new WPI Sports and Recreation Center. It is expected that this study would contribute to a better understanding of the sustainable materials selection and can improve help to improving their long term performance in buildings.

Globally, concern for natural resource depletion is growing. The healthcare industry is looking to improve healthcare environments by improving design and using better resources. The U.S. Green Building Council has created the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) standard that gives suggestions on how to best use energy, water, land, materials and provide a comfortable indoor environment. Many health centers have used this standard to build new health facilities. It is important that the LEED standards benefit the environment as well as healthcare staff. This study presents four case studies of LEED health centers whose medical staff and administrators evaluate the perceivable green building features applied to their facility. All facilities were given the Occupant Evaluation of LEED Certified Health Centers Survey. The Patrick Dollard Discovery Health Center, the Richard J. Lacks Cancer Center, the Angel Harvey Infant Welfare of Chicago, and the Pearland Pediatric centers received overall satisfactory scores from the occupants. Within the case studies variations in satisfaction occurred where LEED points were not received. There is no evidence that perceivable features used in the design and construction of LEED certified health centers decrease occupant satisfaction.

Sustainable Built Environments Senior Capstone Project / This study is an analysis and definition of green building design and zero energy building. This distinguishes the different components that go into net zero building, and the feasibility of making it happen on current buildings, as well as ones in design. The study identifies a building currently in construction on the University of Arizona campus, and identifies its possibility of zero energy and how zero energy would affect the cost and performance of the building. Ultimately it is found that net zero is feasible for the Environmental Natural Resources Building 2 and the University of Arizona, and should be a component in the design and building process of future buildings on campus.