The journey for my thesis wanted to be romantic and fantastic like our lives. We can maintain daily life in any given day with short compositions of memories. Every time you think about a moment, the memory reveals a different color and odor. The memory cam improve and become more romantic in its recollections as it becomes more significant in our lives. I think that architecture has the similar logic with life. In the beginning we don't know what to expect. As our experiences grow, the images we absorb and imagine blink with the poetry of sense and imagination. The true image comes alive in a moment. In order to have such short and meaningful moments in architecture, I interpreted and adopted notions from the book "Air and Dream: Imagination of Movement." by Gaston Bachelard (1884-1962). Dynamic Imagination was the key to my exploration. I dreamed and flew through the air with his poems and ideas.Watercolor was the main media I used to explore the moments of understanding between Bachelard and myself. Drawings and images from Bruno Taut and Yves Klein inspired me and lifted me higher and higher. Louis Sullivan was a nice guest to join in my journey and keep me close to the ground. Most of all, after struggling with material and structure, I could convert my imaginary space for oneric flight into a place to reside. Sun and moon, river and wind, fairytales from my mother, these things came together to finally give birth to my project. Now I am telling you about a building, which is located in Georgetown, in Washington DC. It is a place to record your voice, to write and read letters from your friends and to store personal belongings with the letters. / Master of Architecture

No description available.

Service delivery and the access to specialized instructions to consumers, encounters many barriers within the profession of speech-language pathology. This state of affairs is largely due to the disparate distribution of speech language services (ASHA, 2005). This restricted access, or an inability to access services, is a result of a number of factors, which include lack of clinicians, insufficient number of facilities in geographic area, and transportation issues (ASHA, 2004e). As a result, students who require specialized reading instruction are not afforded the opportunity to access the necessary treatment. It is essential that the literacy needs of all children be addressed, including those who require specialized instruction (Foorman & Torgesen, 2001; Allington, 1994). Technology, specifically telepractice, is a potential solution to address this dilemma. The purpose of this study is to investigate the reliability and validity of systematic multisensory reading treatment for students who have been identified with a delay in foundational reading skills, addressing foundational reading skills via an internet-based video conferencing system. The results will establish the groundwork for the efficacy, reliability, and validity of internet-based video conferencing as a means of service delivery for foundational reading skills. The foundational reading skills targeted in this study are letter naming knowledge (LNK), letter sound knowledge (LSN) and decoding.

No description available.

Kūrybinis baigiamasis bakalauro darbas. Darbą sudaro du tapybos darbai (diptikas) „Transformacija“. Pateikiama vizualių kūrybos analogų, interpretuojančių laišką, pateikiami kūrybinio darbo eskizai, aptariamos jų kūrimo aplinkybės, idėjos paieška ir kitimas. Kūrybinis darbas buvo atliktas su užuomina į konceptualizmo tendencijas. Bakalauro darbo „Transformacija“ tema paliesta, norint atkreipti žiūrovo dėmesį į tai, kad XXI a. spausdintinis laiškas tampa supaprastintas, naudojamas pieštinis raštas, šriftas atlieka daugiau informacinę funkciją. Peržiūrėjus nemažai kūrybinių darbų, kurių tematika „Laiškas“, padariau išvadą, kad kiekvienas objektas, turintis savyje informacijos, gali būti laikomas laišku. Bakalauro baigiamasis darbas buvo atliktas aliejiniais dažais. Kūrybinis darbas, savo atlikimo technika, spalviniu koloritu, kompoziciniu spendimu leidžia perteikti temą. Kūrybinis dviejų dalių darbas „Transformacija“ nėra skirtas konkrečiai aplinkai. Darbai gali būti eksponuojami: parodinėse erdvėse, visuomeninės paskirties interjere, bei privačiuose būstuose. / There is creative Bachelor Paper of painting. Work consists of two work of painting (diptych) “Transformation”. Presentation of visual art analogy, interpreting letter, the creative work, sketches and discuss the development context, the ideas of search and transition. The creative work has been carried out with a hint of conceptualism trends. Bachelor's work "Transformation" theme touched upon in order to draw the viewer's attention to the fact that the twenty-first century printed message is simplistic, using a drawing letter, font out more information function. A review of creative work, whose themes "Letter", I concluded that every object has in itself the information may be considered by letter. Bachelor’s Final was carried out in oil paint. Creative work, his technique, color coloring, composition by decision of permits to convey the theme. The creative work of the two parts of "transformation" is not addressed specifically to the environment. Works may be displayed: exhibition spaces, public room, and private homes.

A presente dissertação aborda as relações entre a escrita chinesa e a instância da letra no inconsciente. O estudo aqui compartilhado se propôs a investigar que recursos a escrita chinesa pode oferecer ao psicanalista a fim de aguçar sua prática de leitura da "letra". Para tal, aprofundamos uma rede de conceitos imbricados que suportam essa questão: escrita, significante, letra, lalangue, semblante, poesia. A pesquisa realizada partiu da experiência de análise da pesquisadora, tocada pelos modos de intervenção em uma análise lacaniana. E se acentuou com a leitura d'O Seminário 24 (Lacan, 1976-7) onde consta a proposição lacaniana de que os analistas fossem à escrita poética dos chineses da dinastia Tang, indicando que neste sistema de escrita e no uso que os poetas fazem das letras chinesas haveria algo que pudesse interessar à psicanálise para sua práxis. A fim de cercar nosso objeto a escrita chinesa, vivenciamos a tentativa de aprendizado do mandarim, construímos uma interlocução direta com uma intercambista chinesa no Brasil, e estudamos a obra “L'écriture poétique chinoise”, de François Cheng, indicada por Lacan no “L’insu que sait de l’une-bévue s’aile à mourre” (1976). No que diz respeito ao laço desta pesquisa teórica com a clínica, trouxemos recortes de análises de sonhos e de falas no contexto de situação analítica. Tal percurso nos apontou que, ao escutar um sujeito em análise, além da escuta de seus significantes, deve-se estar atento à dimensão do que é letra, inclusive na sua dimensão visual, para então, quiçá, transpor algo disto para o simbólico. / The present dissertation deals with the relations between the chinese writting and the instance of the letter in the unconscious. The study shared here set out to investigate what resources the Chinese writing can offer to the analyst in order to increase his practice of reading of the “letter”. For this, we developed a network of interwoven concepts that support this issue: writing, signifier, letter, lalangue, semblant, poetry. The research started from the analysis experience of the researcher, influenced by the intervention modes in lacanian analysis and was accentuated reading the Seminar XXIV (Lacan, 1976-7), where is presented the lacanian proposition that the analyst should go to the Chinese poetic writing from the Tang Dynasty, indicating that in this writing system and on the use that the poets do of the Chinese writting would be found something that would interest to psychoanalysis for its praxis. In order to surround our object, we experience the attempt of Mandarin learning, as well as established a direct interaction with a Chinese exchange student in Brazil, and we studied the work “L'écriture poétique chinoise” (1977) of Francois Cheng, indicated by Lacan in “L’insu que sait de l’une-bévue s’aile à mourre” (1976). Concerning to the bond of this theoretical research with the clinic, we bring fragments of dream analysis, and speeches in the context of analytical situation. This way show to us that while listening to a subject in analysis, in addition to its significant listening we must be aware of the dimension of what is the letter, including its visual dimension, so than, perhaps, transpose something of it to the symbolic.

Perception and mental imagery are often thought of as processes that generate internal representations, but proponents of perceptual activity theory say they are better thought of as guided exploratory activities. The omission of internal representations in the perceptual activity account has led some to see it as computationally implausible. This thesis clarifies perceptual activity theory from a computational perspective, and tests its viability using a computer model called PABLO. The computer model operates in the Letter Spirit domain, which is a framework for creating stylistic variations on the lowercase letters of the Roman alphabet. PABLO is unlike other computer models of perception and mental imagery because it does not use data-structures to represent percepts and mental images. Mental contents are instead modelled in terms of the exploratory activity in which perceptual activity theory says they consist. PABLO also models the flexibility of imagery, and simulates how it can be harnessed and exploited by the system to generate a creative product. PABLO is a first attempt at an implementation of perceptual activity theory, but the results suggest that the theory is computationally viable, and that it has advantages over other theories of mental imagery in the context of creativity.

The documentary letters of credit transaction is the most common method of payment for goods in international trade. Its use has been considered so important that it is referred to as the �lifeblood� of international commerce. The purpose of this thesis is, through analysing the present regime of documentary credit established under the The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, 1993 Revision (�UCP�), to identify the rights and duties of all parties in such transactions and the reasons for the frequent occurrence of fraudulent activities associated with the documents required under the credits. It identifies that the present system fails to either encourage or implement substantial realisation of �reasonable care� or �good faith� on the part of the banks, or realisation of the requirement of �good faith� from beneficiaries. As a result, the independence principle has been left without substance, with resulting huge opportunities for fraudsters to cheat on the documents and obtain payment without the need to actually perform their duties to banks and buyers. Such issues have become more acute against the background of an underlying shift in the allocation of risk between the respective parties to letters of credit. There has been a depreciation in the value of the primary document of title and security held by the issue, the bill of lading, with the advent of container shipping. As the letter of credit system is wholly dependent on the integrity of the documents, it is being undermined by these developments. This has represented a shift in the traditional scheme of risk allocation from the seller to the bank. In practice, banks have taken countermeasures by insisting that applicants provide other types of collateral, and by subjecting applicants to rigorous credit checks. Thus, applicants ultimately have had to bear the brunt of costs associated with this reallocation of risk. It will be demonstrated that the UCP does not incorporate adequate or clear enough duties to be exercised on the part of issuers toward applicants, and severely restricts the applicant�s right to sue if the issuer has wrongfully honoured. Ultimately, a balance must be struck between the desirability of protecting the applicant from the beneficiary�s fraud against the benefits gained by maintaining the letter of credit as a commercial instrument and business device. Obviously, there is public interest in protecting both of these commercial values. This thesis advocates that a mechanism in addition to the fraud exception must be introduced to safeguard the system against the ramifications of these changes � increased fraud. The thesis is structured into five chapters. Chapter 1 sets out to demonstrate the circumstances under which the respective risks are borne by each participant in the letter of credit transaction, and how developments in trade practice have caused the burden of certain of these risks among the parties to a letter of credit transaction to shift. Chapter 2, after briefly visiting the historical origins of the letter of credit and the birth of the UCP, explores the implications of the dominance of banking interests over the drafting and interpretation of the UCP, how the UCP has in practice excluded the intrusion of other sources of law and the general reluctance of courts to intervene by applying non-letter of credit principles, the implication of the UCP�s assumption of the law in practice, the resulting marginalisation of local laws, and the inequality in bargaining power between banks and applicants that precludes a choice of law other than the UCP. Chapter 3 explores the independence principle and question of documentary compliance, why the system is ridden with non-compliant documents and the lack of incentive and meaningful duty for the banks to check for �red flags� that may indicate fraud on the documents or in the transaction. It will be emphasised that documentary validity, rather than mere documentary compliance, should be the focus under the letter of credit. Chapter 4 examines the fraud exception to the independence principle, the typical high thresholds of proof that applicants had to overcome to estopp payment, and explores recent trends towards the gradual lowering of such thresholds. Finally, Chapter 5 considers practical measures and proposals for reform that would help to redress the imbalance in the allocation of risk identified in the thesis.

<p>Sammanfattning</p><p>Letter of intent, vilket torde kunna översättas till avsiktsförklaring på svenska, är ett vanligt förekommande element vid avtalsförhandlingar. I doktrinen har det skett en uppdelning mellan ”rena” och ”orena” letter of intent. Med ”orena” letter of intent avses de dokument som innehåller juridiska förpliktelser, exempelvis i form av skilje-, ersättnings- och sekretessklausuler. I motsats till detta återfinns inte några juridiska förpliktelser i ”rena” letter of intent. Typiskt sett uttrycks i ett letter of intent en avsikt att i framtiden ingå avtal. Emellertid innebär denna avsikt vanligen ingen skyldighet att ingå förevarande avtal.</p><p>Den första frågeställningen som ligger till grund för detta arbete är om ”rena” letter of intent, utan bindande klausuler, kan medföra rättsverkningar? Vidare följer frågan – om ett ”rent” letter of intent anses kunna medföra rättsverkningar – under vilka förutsättningar är detta möjligt?</p><p>Det finns vare sig lagregler eller förarbeten att tillgå inom svensk rätt beträffande rättsinstitutet letter of intent. Emellertid har letter of intent behandlats i såväl rättsfall som doktrin. I dessa rättskällor råder det delade meningar om ”rena” letter of intent kan medföra rättsverkningar. De som anser att rättsverkningar av ”rena” letter of intent är uteslutet argumenterar för att de i grund och botten endast är avsiktsförklaringar och inget annat. De anser således att affärsmännen genom letter of intent skapat ett icke bindande dynamiskt instrument som kan överbrygga de statiska reglerna i AvtL. Omvänt anser de som är förespråkare för att ”rena” letter of intent kan medföra rättsverkningar att man inte kan begränsa sig till detta synsätt. Juridiska förpliktelser av ”rena” letter of intent torde enligt dessa förespråkare kunna utgå på grund av exempelvis konkludent handlande, lojalitetsplikten och principen om culpa in contrahendo.</p><p>Sedan allt relevant material på området studerats och analyserats torde man kunna dra den slutsatsen att ”rena” letter of intent, utan bindande klausuler, kan medföra rättsverkningar. På vilka grunder kan då detta ske? Den allmänna uppfattningen synes vara att det inte kan uppstå några juridiska förpliktelser av ”rena” letter of intent i sig. Emellertid torde ”rena” letter of intent i kombination med andra omständigheter kunna medföra rättsverkningar. De omständigheter som åsyftas är konkludent handlande, åsidosättande av lojalitetsplikten samt klandervärt beteende vid avtals ingående (culpa in contrahendo). Några övriga omständigheter, förutom de nyss nämnda, förefaller dock inte kunna medföra rättsverkningar av ”rena” letter of intent.</p>

Sororities play an important role in the process by which sorority women become gendered by influencing members' ideas about what it means to be a woman. Women and men become gendered through regular social interaction with other women and men, and sororities have a particularly strong impact on their members because sorority women spend nearly all of their time with other Greeks. Gender is one of the major ways that we organize our lives and gender is the texture and foundation of our social, political, and economic worlds. This is why we must consider the consequences of gender negotiation in all arenas, including sororities. For the most part, the sorority women who participated in this study negotiated traditional gender arrangements and constructed conservative identities. Sororities on this Pacific Northwestern university created and perpetuated conformity, dependence and political apathy in their members. These organizations developed an environment in which gender stereotyping and victimization was learned and then legitimized. Within these organizations, however, are pockets of resistance, non-compliance, empowerment, and what could be called "potentially feminist" gender negotiation. / Graduation date: 2003