Typescript. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1954. / "February 1954." / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [221]-[230]). / Derek R.H. Phillips. / M.Arch.

Pang Wai Man. / Thesis submitted in: July 2002. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-114). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgments --- p.iv / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Image-based Rendering and Modeling --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Image-based versus Geometry-based --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2 --- Capturing for Graphics --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- Organization of this Thesis --- p.8 / Chapter 2 --- Image-based Rendering and Relighting --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1 --- Theoretical Concepts --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Plenoptic Illumination Function --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Apparent BRDF --- p.13 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Types of lighting --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Image superposition --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2 --- General Rendering Pipeline --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3 --- Rendering Techniques --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Nearest Neighbours and Interpolation --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Image Warping --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4 --- IBR Representations and applications --- p.26 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Navigation --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Relighting Representations --- p.35 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- High Dynamic Range Imaging --- p.38 / Chapter 2.5 --- Chapter Summary --- p.42 / Chapter 3 --- Capturing Methods --- p.44 / Chapter 3.1 --- Spatial Tracking Approaches --- p.45 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Mechanical based Method --- p.46 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Electromagnetic based Method --- p.48 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Vision based Method --- p.50 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Comparison --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2 --- High Dynamic Range Imaging --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Successive Exposure Capturing --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Spatial Varing Filter --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Special Designed Hardware --- p.55 / Chapter 3.3 --- Chapter Summary --- p.56 / Chapter 4 --- System Design and Implementation --- p.58 / Chapter 4.1 --- System Overview --- p.58 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Setup --- p.60 / Chapter 4.3 --- Capturing Procedures --- p.61 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Calibrations --- p.61 / Chapter 4.4 --- Vision based tracking --- p.64 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- The pin-hole camera model --- p.65 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Basics of Camera Calibration --- p.66 / Chapter 4.5 --- Light Vector Tracking --- p.70 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- The Transformations --- p.70 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Tracking Accuracy --- p.71 / Chapter 4.5.3 --- Tracking Range Enlargement --- p.72 / Chapter 4.6 --- Capturing Experiment --- p.74 / Chapter 4.7 --- Sampling Analysis --- p.74 / Chapter 4.8 --- Chapter Summary --- p.78 / Chapter 5 --- Data Postprocessing --- p.80 / Chapter 5.1 --- Scattered Data Fitting --- p.81 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Spherical Delaunay Triangulation --- p.83 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Interpolation on Sphere --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2 --- Compression --- p.88 / Chapter 5.3 --- Chapter Summary --- p.90 / Chapter 6 --- Relit Results --- p.91 / Chapter 6.1 --- Relighting with Multiple Directional Lights --- p.92 / Chapter 6.2 --- Relighting with Environmental Maps --- p.94 / Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.101 / Chapter 7.1 --- Future Research Aspect --- p.102 / Chapter A --- System User Guide --- p.104 / Chapter A.1 --- Equipment Configuration --- p.104 / Chapter A.2 --- Operation Guide --- p.105 / Chapter A.3 --- Software Components --- p.106 / Chapter A.3.1 --- Image capturing - lightcap --- p.106 / Chapter A.3.2 --- Raw Frame Extraction ´ؤ lfprocess --- p.107 / Chapter A.3.3 --- Resampling and Compression - svscatterppm2urdf . --- p.107 / Bibliography --- p.108

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

The author looks back over a long career working as a stage lighting technician in the American theatre, sharing personal experiences, and providing an insider’s view of the art, history, and culture of theatrical lighting.

acase@tulane.edu / 1 / Marc Petros

Animé, a style of Japanese animation, has begun to evolve into more than a simple animation. The stories found in animé have reached a level of complexity similar to traditional cinema. However, lighting in animé, has been minimal. Using computers to create animé, rather than creating it traditionally by hand, has allowed greater opportunities to be creative with lighting. Color and computer-generated (CG) effects can be integrated with traditional line drawings to create beautiful images in animé. Since cinematic lighting exhibits some of the finest examples of lighting, this thesis will analyze lighting styles from three different cinematographers and adapt them to three anim??e style scenes in 3D. The scenes will be modeled, lit, and rendered using Alias/Wavefront MAYATM, and textured using Adobe PhotoshopTM. The result will be a visual CG piece that adapts the lighting style of certain distinctive cinematographers, while retaining the look of animé.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Kent State University, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 30, 2009). Advisor: Cynthia Stillings. Keywords: Lighting Design; Jane Eyre; Muscial.

This thesis presents a study on several reliability issues for LED lighting systems. Firstly, a full survey on exsiting LED ballast has been conducted, and critical design challenges are classified on power level basis (low/ middle/ high power). Specifically, reliability issues have been highlighted, and three major factors have been stipulated: issue of electrolytic capacitor; issue of current imbalance in parallel LED strings; issue of LED junction temperature. The information revealed in the whole survey provide important design criteria for existing LED system designs and guidance for further research directions by pointing out the critical design problems. Two possible solutions for Electrolytic-Capacitor-Less LED Ballasts are proposed regarding the first reliability issue. A series of novel passive LED ballasts are proposed. They are found to be suitable for outdoor applications, such as street lighting applications, where the ability to withstand extreme weather conditions are of major concern. When compared with those in switched mode power supplies, these passive ballasts have good power factor performance and comparatively high efficiency. In addition, an active solution has been developed for indoor applications. Its circuit topology is derived from existing differential inverter topologies and inherits same merits such as simple structure, reduced size, and low cost. Self-configurable current-mirror techniques have been derived and developed afterwards to cope with the current imbalance issue for system with parallel LED strings. In contrast with traditional current sharing methods (either linear type or switched type), the proposed techniques offer a simple solution without the need of independent current references, complicated controllers and auxiliary power supplies. These features are favored by outdoor applications and such re-configurable mirror circuits are originally designed for passive LED ballast as post-current regulators. The techniques are further extended with the ability to tolerate possible circuit failure, such as short circuit and open circuit fault. Then, a new non-contact method for the measurement of both junction-to-case thermal resistance and junction temperature in a LED device has been proposed, with respect to the third reliability issue. Traditionally the direct measurement of junction temperature in LED is not easy without the help of sophisticated methods such as laser or expensive equipment like TeraLED Transient Thermal Tester system. In contrast, the proposed method requires only the external LED power, luminous flux, and heatsink temperature information. The method can be further adopted as a simple tool by engineers to check the internal temperature states in a practical LED system for regulation and evaluation purpose. Finally, a thermal design methodology has been developedfor an LED street lamp system powered by a weakly regulated renewable small power grid. It has been successfully incorporated in the proposed passive LED ballast, such that the LED system can provide the least output luminous fluctuation against line voltage variation. It is envisaged that, with the proposed design methodology, such lighting system will not only provide high reliability, with potential lifetime exceeding 10 years, but with a proven feature of reduced light fluctuation, furthermore, it is found that the passive LED system can act as a smart load and has the potential of reducing the energy storage requirement for smart grids. These merits are attractive to public lighting systems powered by future renewable power grids. / published_or_final_version / Electrical and Electronic Engineering / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

A study on the potential of daylighting as a source of indoor lighting in Malaysian buildings is described. Not much work has been done on daylighting in Malaysia, due to several factors. Firstly, local daylight data is unavailable and secondly, research in daylighting design is relatively new. This work is therefore aimed at providing a solid foundation in daylighting knowledge and to contribute towards the development of deSign tools and strategies for buildings in a hot, humid climate, in particular Malaysia. The work began with a survey of traditional and modern buildings to identify old and new daylighting techniques. From the daylighting point of view, recently built buildings in general, are not designed for the tropics. The bioclimatic approach was used to identify the passive strategies to keep Malaysian buildings thermally comfortable for the occupants. The Model Year Climate accurate hourly data for 8 climate parameters were produced by statistical analyses from a database of 21 years of meteorological data. A field study to determine the thermal comfort conditions of young persons in a normal working environment was also carried as part of the bioclimatic analyses. From the results of the three studies, a strategy was formulated to create a low-energy yet thermally comfortable building environment for the hot-humid region by integrating daylighting in the building design through the size of window openings and types of shading devices. The prevailing sky type in the Klang Valley was determined using solar irradiation and cloud cover data. The sky type was identified, and confirmed by four identification techniques, as predominantly intermediate. As daylight and solar irradiation share similar physical properties, hourly daylight data were modelled using solar irradiation data and luminous efficacy values. An artificial sky was designed and constructed to conduct daylighting experiments using architectural scale models. The correlation coefficient of the luminance produced by the sky simulator as compared to the intermediate sky luminance model was 0.996. This study focussed on sidelighting, which is the most common daylighting strategy in Malaysia. The daylighting performance of several window opening sizes ranging from 10% up to 40% window-to-wall ratio and several types of shading devices were investigated using the Daylight Factor Method. A suitable architectural scale model of a basic room with one removable wall, on which the fenestration systems were attached, was used for the investigations. The optimum window opening size was found to be 25% where daylight is enhanced and energy consumption for cooling load is reduced. The best shading device tested for buildings in the Malaysian climate was found to be a sloped shading device integrated with a horizontal light shelf. This device has the capability to reduce excess lighting while maintaining the required daylight levels in a normal working environment as recommended by the Malaysia Guidelines for Energy Efficiency in Buildings. The results of the daylighting performance of the fenestrations were used together with modelled exterior illuminance data to produce several daylighting design tools. Graphical tools produced to aid architects include iso-OF charts, isolux charts or daylight footprints while look-up tables and nomographs were produced for engineers. The NORMA algorithm was used to calculate the cooling loads of a simple building to demonstrate the possible energy savings as a result of applying the above daylighting strategies. It was found that at least 10% of energy could be saved by integrating daylighting in Malaysian buildings while maintaining acceptable indoor thermal comfort criteria for young Malaysians.