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Jules Barbey d’Aurevilly laisse une œuvre polymorphe. Les années 1851-1865 sont, à cet égard, exemplaires. Chaque semaine, il écrit un article pour Le Pays et envoie une lettre à son ami Trebutien. Jamais autant de récits aurevilliens n’auront paru qu’à cette période : la première des Diaboliques, Le Dessous de cartes d’une partie de whist, et les romans Une vieille maîtresse, L’Ensorcelée, Le Chevalier des Touches et Un prêtre marié. Menant de front ces écritures, Barbey semble cependant les dissocier. L’écriture critique, soumise aux conditions éditoriales des journaux, relève de l’urgence, de la censure et de “ la Nécessité ”. En revanche, les lettres donnent la liberté de “ rugir ” ; elles ouvrent une parenthèse au milieu du “ tintamarre ” pressant des journaux et de la “ fournaise ” du travail romanesque. Celui-ci – par le pouvoir de l’Imagination – apparaît néanmoins comme le lieu privilégié d’une expression personnelle authentique. Pouvons-nous imputer de manière aussi catégorique une fonction à la lettre, à l’article et au roman ? Certes, la correspondance est un espace de spontanéité où Barbey pénètre souvent en “ triple hâte ” ; elle ouvre aussi une véritable réflexion sur l’écriture, sert de matrice au roman et à la critique. De même, l’écriture critique nourrit la création romanesque, affine les choix esthétiques. Ce polymorphisme, loin de cantonner les genres dans une fonction et une esthétique particulières, dessine une cohérence générale où chaque écriture influence l’autre pour tenter d’atteindre “ l’éloquence du cœur ”. C’est bien cet idéal d’écriture que Barbey d’Aurevilly poursuit de 1851 à 1865 et qui fonde l’esthétique de sa prose. / Jules Barbey d’Aurevilly left a polymorphous work. In that respect, the years 1851-1865 were exemplary. Every week he wrote an article for Le Pays and sent a letter to his friend Trebutien. No other period saw so many Aurevillien tales published : the first short story of Les Diaboliques, Le Dessous de cartes d’une partie de whist, and novels : Une vieille maîtresse, L’Ensorcelée, Le Chevalier des Touches et Un prêtre marié. Though he had to deal with those pieces of writing at the same time, Barbey seemed to dissociate them. Critical writing, submitted to editorial conditions of newspapers resulted from emergency, censorship and “Necessity”. On the other hand, the letters gave him a chance to “roar”: they opened parentheses amongst the pressing “din” of the newspapers and the “furnace” of novel writing. The latter – through the power of Imagination – appeared nonetheless as the privileged place for authentic personal expression. However, can we grant a function to a letter, an article or a novel in such a categorical manner? Of course, letters offered Barbey space for spontaneity into which he entered hurriedly. They also gave food for thought on writing itself, and were used as a pattern for novel and critical writing. In the same way, critical writing improved fiction and refined esthetic choices. This polymorphism did not limit genres to a particular function or aesthetic choice but designed a global coherence in which each piece of writing influenced another to try and reach ‘the eloquence of the heart’. Indeed that was the ideal writing Barbey d’Aurevilly pursued from 1851 to 1865 and which created the aesthetic qualities of his prose.

Orientador: Arnaldo Franco Júnior / Banca: Ana Maria Dominguez de Oliveira / Banca: Lucia Granja / Resumo: O dramaturgo Nelson Rodrigues é considerado pela crítica brasileira o introdutor do teatro moderno no Brasil desde a estréia de Vestido de Noiva, em 1943. Se a crítica literária e teatral brasileira realizou a legitimação da glória de Nelson Rodrigues a partir deste ano de 1943, o oposto ocorreu em 1946, quando público e crítica repudiaram a peça Álbum de Família, que permaneceu censurada por, aproximadamente, vinte anos. Esta pesquisa centra-se em estudar a fortuna crítica das duas peças mencionadas, e a escolha de se trabalhar com a recepção destas peças específicas dá-se devido ao contraste de opinião crítica suscitado por elas. Abrangendo a crítica literária e teatral de parte do século XX, nosso estudo focalizará a forma como a recepção de uma obra trabalha com os valores dominantes de um sistema social e artístico, tendo o poder de legitimar um artista como bom ou desconsiderável / Abstract: Playwright Nelson Rodrigues has been viewed by Brazilian critique as the introducer of modern theatre in Brazil since the premiere of his play Vestido de Noiva (Wedding gown), in 1943. If Brazilian theatrical and literary critics have legitimated the glory of Nelson Rodrigues since the year of 1943, the opposite occurred in 1946, when public and critique rejected the play Álbum de Família (Family álbum), which has remained censored for about twenty years. This research centres in the study of the critical fortune of both mentioned plays, and the choice of working with these specific plays is due to the contrast of critical opinions generated by them. Comprehending theatrical and literary critique of part of the 20th century, our study focusses on how the reception of an art piece works with the prevailing values of a social and artistic system, being able to legitimate an artist as worthy or unworthy / Mestre

Essa tese tem como objetivo compreender a crítica que Theodor W. Adorno faz da cultura e de que maneira ela se distingue dos modelos advindos da crítica cultural e da sociologia da cultura. Com esse fito, a tese apresenta uma série de análises da cultura de Adorno, que se iniciam na década de 1930, principalmente no seu debate com Walter Benjamin acerca da relação entre arte e política. Procurou-se entender como esse debate sofreu uma inflexão com o exílio de Adorno nos Estados Unidos, onde foi formulado o conceito de indústria cultural, a partir do qual se delineiam as críticas de Adorno ao rádio, ao cinema e à televisão e ao modo de integração social mobilizado pelo capitalismo tardio. Por meio da apresentação de outros momentos de sua obra, como a crítica literária, a estética e a filosofia, buscou-se demonstrar a complementaridade dos momentos diversos que, juntos, permitem entrever uma crítica dialética, cuja consequência é a suprassunção do próprio conceito de cultura. / This dissertation aims to comprehend the nature of Theodor W. Adornos critique of culture and how it distinguishes itself from different models arising from cultural critique and from sociology of culture. For this purpose, the dissertation presents a series of Adornos analyses of culture, which begins in the 1930s, especially in his debate with Walter Benjamin concerning art and politics. It sought to understand how this debate suffered an inflection due to Adornos exile in the United States, where the concept of culture industry would be conceived and out of which his critique of radio, cinema and television and of the mode of social integration in late capitalism were delineated. Through the presentation of other moments of Adornos work, such as literary critique, aesthetics and philosophy, it sought to demonstrate the complementarity of different moments which, together, allow us to glimpse a dialectical critique whichs consequence is the sublation of the very concept of culture.

Essa tese tem como objetivo compreender a crítica que Theodor W. Adorno faz da cultura e de que maneira ela se distingue dos modelos advindos da crítica cultural e da sociologia da cultura. Com esse fito, a tese apresenta uma série de análises da cultura de Adorno, que se iniciam na década de 1930, principalmente no seu debate com Walter Benjamin acerca da relação entre arte e política. Procurou-se entender como esse debate sofreu uma inflexão com o exílio de Adorno nos Estados Unidos, onde foi formulado o conceito de indústria cultural, a partir do qual se delineiam as críticas de Adorno ao rádio, ao cinema e à televisão e ao modo de integração social mobilizado pelo capitalismo tardio. Por meio da apresentação de outros momentos de sua obra, como a crítica literária, a estética e a filosofia, buscou-se demonstrar a complementaridade dos momentos diversos que, juntos, permitem entrever uma crítica dialética, cuja consequência é a suprassunção do próprio conceito de cultura. / This dissertation aims to comprehend the nature of Theodor W. Adornos critique of culture and how it distinguishes itself from different models arising from cultural critique and from sociology of culture. For this purpose, the dissertation presents a series of Adornos analyses of culture, which begins in the 1930s, especially in his debate with Walter Benjamin concerning art and politics. It sought to understand how this debate suffered an inflection due to Adornos exile in the United States, where the concept of culture industry would be conceived and out of which his critique of radio, cinema and television and of the mode of social integration in late capitalism were delineated. Through the presentation of other moments of Adornos work, such as literary critique, aesthetics and philosophy, it sought to demonstrate the complementarity of different moments which, together, allow us to glimpse a dialectical critique whichs consequence is the sublation of the very concept of culture.

<p>The predominant focus on the male protagonist in the <em>Bildungsroman</em> genre has provoked feminist critics to offer a re-definition of the genre, claiming that the female protagonist's development differs in significant ways from the traditionally expected course of development (i.e. male). A feminist comparison between <em>A Portrait of the Artist As a Young Man</em> and <em>Martha Quest</em> found, unexpectedly, that the female protagonist follows the traditional <em>Bildungsroman</em> trajectory in several respects, whereas the male protagonist deviates from it. <em>A Portrait</em> emphasizes the themes of childhood, formal education and religion, while in <em>Martha Quest</em> the themes of family relations, informal education, sexuality and marriage are treated at length. <em>Martha Quest </em>as an example of a female <em>Bildungsroman</em> deals specifically with the issues of role models, gender roles and gender inequality, which neither the traditional <em>Bildungsroman</em> nor <em>A Portrait </em>does.</p><p> </p>

The predominant focus on the male protagonist in the Bildungsroman genre has provoked feminist critics to offer a re-definition of the genre, claiming that the female protagonist's development differs in significant ways from the traditionally expected course of development (i.e. male). A feminist comparison between A Portrait of the Artist As a Young Man and Martha Quest found, unexpectedly, that the female protagonist follows the traditional Bildungsroman trajectory in several respects, whereas the male protagonist deviates from it. A Portrait emphasizes the themes of childhood, formal education and religion, while in Martha Quest the themes of family relations, informal education, sexuality and marriage are treated at length. Martha Quest as an example of a female Bildungsroman deals specifically with the issues of role models, gender roles and gender inequality, which neither the traditional Bildungsroman nor A Portrait does.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-06-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:59:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 costa_lt_me_sjrp.pdf: 699751 bytes, checksum: c4fe64ac82cd3b95acb3c51f8c99990b (MD5) / O dramaturgo Nelson Rodrigues é considerado pela crítica brasileira o introdutor do teatro moderno no Brasil desde a estréia de Vestido de Noiva, em 1943. Se a crítica literária e teatral brasileira realizou a legitimação da glória de Nelson Rodrigues a partir deste ano de 1943, o oposto ocorreu em 1946, quando público e crítica repudiaram a peça Álbum de Família, que permaneceu censurada por, aproximadamente, vinte anos. Esta pesquisa centra-se em estudar a fortuna crítica das duas peças mencionadas, e a escolha de se trabalhar com a recepção destas peças específicas dá-se devido ao contraste de opinião crítica suscitado por elas. Abrangendo a crítica literária e teatral de parte do século XX, nosso estudo focalizará a forma como a recepção de uma obra trabalha com os valores dominantes de um sistema social e artístico, tendo o poder de legitimar um artista como bom ou desconsiderável / Playwright Nelson Rodrigues has been viewed by Brazilian critique as the introducer of modern theatre in Brazil since the premiere of his play Vestido de Noiva (Wedding gown), in 1943. If Brazilian theatrical and literary critics have legitimated the glory of Nelson Rodrigues since the year of 1943, the opposite occurred in 1946, when public and critique rejected the play Álbum de Família (Family álbum), which has remained censored for about twenty years. This research centres in the study of the critical fortune of both mentioned plays, and the choice of working with these specific plays is due to the contrast of critical opinions generated by them. Comprehending theatrical and literary critique of part of the 20th century, our study focusses on how the reception of an art piece works with the prevailing values of a social and artistic system, being able to legitimate an artist as worthy or unworthy