Bakgrund: Demenssjukdom är en folksjukdom som beräknas öka i omfattning de närmaste åren. I dagens samhälle stigmatiseras personer med demenssjukdom och synen på demenssjukdom är ofta negativ. För att förbättra den personcentrerade vården till personer med demenssjukdom behöver sjuksköterskans svårigheter i arbete med detta kartläggas. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att sammanställa vilka svårigheter sjuksköterskan upplever i arbetet med personcentrerad vård inom demensomsorgen. Metod: En litteraturöversikt med ett resultat baserat på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna söktes i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL med sökorden Person-Centered, Dementia, Nursing och Approach. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades med hjälp av kvalitetsgranskningsmallar. Artiklarnas resultatdelar analyserades genom att söka efter skillnader och likheter. Dessa skillnader och likheter sammanställdes i kategorier. Resultat: Resultatet baseras på dessa fyra kategorier: Sjuksköterskans svårigheter i kommunikation till personer med demenssjukdom, Sjuksköterskans och övrig vård- och omsorgspersonals negativa attityder, Kompetens- och kunskapsbrist och Hur sjuksköterskan påverkas av organisationens struktur – som tidsbrist och bristande stöd. Slutsats: Denna litteraturöversikt har identifierat vilka svårigheter sjuksköterskan upplever i arbetet med personcentrerad vård inom demensomsorgen. Svårigheterna som identifierades var på individ-, team- och organisationsnivå. Slutsatsen av detta är att det krävs en förändring på dessa nivåer för att förbättra den personcentrerade vården inom demensomsorgen. / Background: Dementia is a common disease which is expected to extent in the coming years. In today´s society people with dementia are stigmatized and the perception of dementia are often negative. In order to improve the person-centered care for people with dementia, the nurse´s difficulties in working with this needs to be explored. Aim: The purpose of this literature review was to describe the difficulties nurses experience working with person-centered care in care of people with dementia. Method: A literature review with a result based on 15 scientific articles. The articles were searched on the databases PubMed and CINAHL with the keywords Person centered, Dementia, Nursing and Approach. The articles were quality checked using quality review templates. The result sections of the articles were analyzed by searching for differences and similarities. These differences and similarities were sorted into categories. Results: The results is based on these four categories: Nurse´s difficulties in communication to the person with dementia, Nurse´s and other career´s negative attitudes, Lack of experience and knowledge, and How the nurse are affected by the structure of the organization – such as lack of time and lack of organizational support. Conclusion: This literature review has identified what difficulties the nurse experience in the work of person-centered care in dementia care. The difficulties identified were at individual-, team- and organizational levels. The conclusion of this is that it requires a change in these levels to improve person-centered care in dementia care.

Bakgrund: Demenssjukdomar är en växande sjukdomsgrupp i samhället. I Sverige beräknas att mellan 130–150 tusen personer lever med en demenssjukdom. Demens går inte att bota utan det går enbart att bromsa upp förloppet med hjälp av läkemedel. Personer som drabbas av demenssjukdomar får oftast många följdsjukdomar som i förlängningen leder till döden. Med hjälp av dator och tv-spelsanvändning kan demenssjukdomen bromsas med kognitiv träning. Syfte: Syftet har varit att undersöka nyttan av dator och tv-spelsanvändningsområden inom demensvården. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en litteraturöversikt där fjorton vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades. Sökningar har gjordes via databaserna Pubmed, Cinahl och Psycinfo. De inkluderade artiklarna har analyserats där likheter och skillnader har jämförts. Resultat: Resultatet visade att teknologin kan påverka personers kognitiva funktion, fysiska hälsa samt psykiska hälsa. Dator och tv-spelsanvändning har flera positiva effekter så som förbättrad kognitiv förmåga, ökad självständighet och bevarande av egna intressen. Slutsats: Datorer och tv-spel har fördelaktiga effekter hos personer som lider av en demenssjukdom. Bland annat upptäcktes förbättringar i den psykiska, fysiska och kognitiva förmågan i de granskade studierna. Då ämnet är nytt krävs ytterligare forskning inom ämnet. / Background: Dementia is a growing disease in the society. In Sweden there are approximately 130-150 thousand people living with dementia. There is no cure for dementia, and with pharmaceuticals you can only prolong the decease. People who suffer from dementia tend to have other illnesses prior to the main dementia. These complications often lead to death. With the usage of videogames and computergames where the user is utilizing the body and bodymovement as a tool for progress there are beneficial effects to the motor skills and cognitive functions for the elderly living with dementia and cognitive decline. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the utilization of computers and video games in the dementia care. Method: Done as a literature review where 14 articles was included. Searches have been made through databases Pubmed, Cinahl and Psycinfo. The 14 articles where systematically analyzed and differences and similarities were compared between the articles Results: Four categories were made, physical health, psychological health, cognitive function and usability of technology by the dementia suffers. Conclusions: Computer and videogames utilization have beneficial effects for the people who suffers from dementia. Enhanced physical, psychological and cognitive function were found in the studies. Due to the relatively new subject further research is required in the area.

Background: Considering the increasing requirements and needs facing primary health care, the aspiration to use nurses as care providers has increased. This is done to improve the availability, effectiveness, and to dispense the available resources. Aim: The purpose of this study is to illuminate the patient's experiences of meeting nurses as care providers in primary health care. Method: Six qualitative, three quantitative, and one mixed method articles were analyzed to create a literature review. Results: Generally, the patients were satisfied with meeting nurses as care providers in primary health care. The result showed that the patients described relationship, trust, participation, and communication with nurses as significant aspects to feel secure. That the nurses made time available, as well as were easy to contact, were also aspects that contributed to the patients feeling secure. Uncertainties regarding the nurse's role, competence, and not being able to choose level of care were aspects that affected the insecurity. Conclusion: Nurses in primary health care have big opportunities to develop the meeting in a way that the patient feels secure in health care. Most patients experience great satisfaction with care provided by nurses. Considering the above facts, it seems possible to develop health care led by nurses. / Med de ökade behov och krav som ställs på primärvården i västvärlden och den resursbrist på personal som råder är det en ekvation som är svår att lösa. Ett sätt att möta dessa behov är att uppgiftsväxla vården och använda sjuksköterskor i stället för läkare i större utsträckning då det i tidigare studier visat på lika bra eller förbättrad tillgänglighet, effektivitet och kvalitet. Denna litteraturbaserade studie belyser patienters upplevelser av mötet med sjuksköterskor som vårdgivare inom primärvården. I resultatet har tio vetenskapliga artiklar, både kvalitativa och kvantitativa analyserats. I resultatet framkommer vikten av att utveckla en förtroendefull relation genom kommunikation och delaktighet med sjuksköterskan. En förutsättning för att det skall kunna ske är att det finns tillräckligt med tid en annan aspekt är möjligheten till kontinuitet, att träffa samma sjuksköterska vid upprepade tillfällen. Kan vården tillgodose dessa behov finns stora förutsättningar för att patienten skall känna trygghet och tillit till vården. I dagens sjukvård med ökad efterfrågan på vård, ekonomiska utmaningar och personalbrist finns risk för att dessa behov inte tillgodoses. Med en ökad kunskap hos sjuksköterskorna och vårdorganisationen om patienternas behov kan detta bidra till en mer individanpassad och tillfredsställande vård för patienten. Det visar sig också att många patienter har en oklar uppfattning om vad sjuksköterskans roll egentligen innebär.

Bakgrund: Vårdkvalitet är ett mångfacetterat begrepp som inte går att beskriva på ett ensidigtsätt. Vårdkvalitet kan ses ur många olika perspektiv, där patientperspektivet är ett. Begreppetdelaktighet framkommer som centralt när vårdkvalitet beskrivs. Patientens delaktighet iutvecklingen av hälso- och sjukvården regleras enligt lag och patienten ses som en naturligdel av utvecklingsarbetet. Tidigare studier visar att patienterna betonade interpersonellprocess som viktigast, för hur vårdkvalitet uppfattades. Syfte: Syftet är att sammanställa forskning ur ett patientperspektiv beträffande vårdkvalitet ipsykiatrisk vård. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på 8 granskade kvalitativa artiklar. Analysen genomfördes i enlighet med Evans fyrstegsmetod. Nyckelfynd identifierades och därefter skapades temanoch subteman vilket utgjorde resultatet. Resultat: Vårdkvalitet är enligt patienterna en kombination av flera faktorer. Det mestframträdande är personalen som bryr sig med ett gott bemötande och där patienterna får varadelaktiga. Vårdmiljön är också en viktig faktor för att patienterna ska uppleva vårdkvalitetoch då innefattar det en trygg och estetisk miljö. Resultatet presenteras i två teman, Personalsom bryr sig och En lugn, vacker och trygg miljö med fyra subteman; Bemötande,Delaktighet, Estetik och Trygghet. Slutsats: Personal med en förmåga att skapa ett möte som innefattar delaktighet under tryggaformer i en vacker miljö är en förutsättning för att patienter inom den psykiatriska vården skauppleva vårdkvalitet. Litteraturstudien bidrar med en sammanställning av kunskap om vadpatienter inom psykiatrisk vård upplever är vårdkvalitet, varför den kan användas för attfrämja utveckling, patientens delaktighet samt personalens förmåga att ge patienterna en godvårdkvalitet oavsett vårdkontext. / Background: Quality of care is a multi-faceted concept that cannot be described in a unilateral way. Quality of care can be seen from many different perspectives, where the patient perspective is one. The concept of participation appears as central when the quality of care is described. The patient's involvement in the development of health and medical care is regulated by law and the patient is seen as a natural part of the development work. Previous studies show that patients emphasized interpersonal process as most important, for how care quality was perceived. Purpose: The aim is to compile research from a patient perspective regarding the quality of care in psychiatric care. Methodology: A literature study based on 8 reviewed qualitative articles. The analysis was carried out in accordance with Evans' four-way method. Key concepts were identified and then themes and sub-themes were created that generated the result. Result: The quality of care according to the patients is a combination of several factors. The most prominent are the staff who care about good treatment and where the patients may be involved. The care environment is also an important factor for the patients to experience quality of care and then it includes a safe and aesthetic environment. The result is presented in two themes, Staff who care and A quiet, beautiful and safe environment with four sub- themes; Treatment, Participation, Aesthetics and Security. Conclusion: Staff with an ability to create a meeting that involves participation in safe forms in a beautiful environment is a prerequisite for patients in the psychiatric care to experience quality of care. The literature study contributes with a compilation of knowledge about what patients within psychiatric care experience is quality of care, why it can be used to promote development, patient involvement and the staff's ability to give patients a good quality of careregardless of the health context.

This research has found that the field of international blended learning (BL) is prepared for stronger communication and collaboration. Collaboration is currently limited, and regions vary greatly in terms of citations. However, BL is growing worldwide and each region has much to offer to the community. Greater collaboration among researchers and practitioners can be profitable regardless of location. In the first article the authors compared the top cited BL articles to understand which articles from each region are the most cited, how the regions compare in terms of citations and which journals publish these highly cited articles. The authors used this data to construct a broad overview of the field as a whole and submit is as partial fulfillment of the literature review requirement. This research was designed by both authors and carried out by the first author with advice from the second author. In the second article the authors delved deeper into the top articles to discover and compare the topics and themes of the top articles on BL from different regions of the world. The authors examined methodological patterns, learner type, level of blend, terms for blending, and research questions in order to understand the research practices and topics of interest within the BL community. This article is also submitted as partial fulfillment of the literature review requirement for a master's degree in Instructional Psychology and Technology. This research was designed by both authors and carried out by the first author with advice from the second author.In the third article the authors sought to take a snapshot of the present state of blended learning. The authors drew conclusions from survey responses and interviews with current blended learning researchers and practitioners focused on BL around the world. This research was designed by both authors and carried out by the first author with advice from the second author and assistance from the third author. The first author conducted all interviews and made final decisions on coding and analysis, with input from the other authors.

Background: Aspects of digital competence associated with occupation, participation, well-being, and health are core concerns of occupational therapy. Nevertheless, there is limited information collected about stroke survivors’ digital competences. Consequences of digitalization are lacking clarity in the field of occupational therapy.  Aim/Objective: The purpose of the study is to (1) explore the literature and identify digital competences for older adults to participate in eHealth and, in relation to that, (2) describe stroke survivors’ digital competences in eHealth. Material and Methods: Scoping review aimed to examine the extent, range, and nature of the literature on digital competences of stroke survivors’ in eHealth and identify research gaps. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched. Results: 13 studies met the inclusion criteria from 599 identified. Three themes emerged: ‘Information and data literacy’, ‘Communication and Collaboration’, and ‘Problem solving’. Conclusions: Methodological gaps in the study revealed that before doing an intervention study in telerehabilitation, there is a need for occupational therapists to consider stroke survivors’ needs of education about technology and eHealth in order to ensure successful participation. Significance: Further studies in the field can encourage occupational therapy with its unique focus on occupation contribute to the changes digitalisation brought into peoples’ everyday live.

The needs of the informal caregiver can be difficult to determine apart from those related to caring for the terminally ill loved one. Often, informal caregivers' individual needs are lost because of their day-to-day responsibility and care of their terminally ill loved one. The purpose of this project was to discover the characteristics of informal caregivers of the terminally ill. An integrated literature review was conducted using the Fineout-Overhalt, Melnyk, Stillwell, and Williamson's (2010) analytical approach to reviewing the evidence. The approach consisted of 7 levels for evaluating the hierachy of evidence. Inclusion criteria were studies limited from January 2004 to October 2015, English language, and full text. A total of 22 studies were reviewed and categorized according to 1 of the 7 hierachial levels, and findings related to the characteristics of informal caregivers were summarized at each appropriate level. Characteristics of informal caregivers were described regarding sociodemogrphics, such as age, gender, relationship with family members, financial status, and educational level. Characteristics of informal caregivers were discussed in relationship to the terminally ill loved one. The evidence did not concentrate on who the informal caregiver was without assessing their relationship to the terminally ill patient. It is recommended that a mixed-method approach be conducted to indentify characteristics of informal caregivers outside of their relationship with the terminally ill. Gaining a new perspective about the characteristics of informal caregivers for the terminally ill patient would help health care providers to more effectively meet their needs independent of the needs of the terminally ill loved one.

This paper uses regression analysis on a national data set from the United States from 2001-2016 to analyze racial or ethnic group disparities in home ownership between whites and blacks, Asian and Pacific Islanders, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Mexicans, other Hispanics and American Indians. I employ Integrated Public Use Microdata combined with Bureau of Labor Statistics data and Federal Reserve Economic Data from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Controlling for demographic, educational, income and wealth, employment and housing characteristics, I find no significant differences between whites and Asian and Pacific Islanders, Mexicans and American Indians. However, blacks, Puerto Ricans, Cubans and other Hispanics face racial disadvantages in regard to home ownership. All minority racial or ethnic groups, except American Indians, lost home ownership parity to whites from 2007-2011, the years primarily affected by the economic crisis.

Purpose: Although logistics management is a crucial part of local and global sports events, there is noresearch-driven characterization of "sports logistics management". The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize a framework that allows for a more structured recognition of logistics in sports, in general, and sport event management, in particular. In addition, we conduct a systematic literature review of sports logistics management and locate opportunities for future research both for sports management and logistics management scholars. Design/methodology/approach: Guided by Durach et al.'s (2017) systematic literature review approach, we identify key attributes and characteristics of sports logistics management. These are based on studies featuring at least partial aspects of logistics management in sports and sport events, and that were published between 2000 and mid-2019. Findings: The study reveals that sports logistics management, meaning logistics activities in sports andsport event management, is a heavily under-researched area that provides an abundance of scientific opportunities. Based on the three sport event types of local/regional sport events, major sport events and mega sport events, the authors propose four sports logistics management pillars that are central to the proposed Sport Logistics Framework: venue logistics management, sports equipment logistics management, athletes logistics management, and fan and spectators logistics management. Originality/value: This is the first study that builds on a systematic review of literature specifically focused on the logistics aspect in sports and sport event management. It provides a conceptual framework of sports logistics management and offers an agenda of future research opportunities.

Client writing has been used in association with individual therapy for many years, but published research on its effectiveness is sparse. Such research could provide a potential tool for therapists, as well as expand scientific knowledge. This review includes all available reports on the topic of client writing in individual therapy. The studies fall into three general categories: the systematic, "experimental" studies; the anecdotal reports; and the didactic reports. All studies considered show some benefit from the use of client writing in therapy. Writing appears to be beneficial whether initiated by the client or directed by the therapist; beneficial to adolescents and adults of all ages; beneficial to hospitalized patients, clients in individual therapy, and to students in school counseling; beneficial with different forms of writing; beneficial with different types of therapy; and beneficial whether writing is the main focus of therapy or only an adjunctive process. However, the conclusion that client writing is beneficial is largely based on anecdotal reports from therapists who have accidentally stumbled on it. Much more systematic research is needed, beginning with a survey to determine how extensive is its use. Specific recommendations for research are made.