In diesem Beitrag wird gezeigt, welche Auswirkung die Rotorform einer Reluktanzmaschine und die Ansteuerung mittels Umrichter auf den Verlusthaushalt der Maschine hat. Darüber hinaus werden die Möglichkeiten zur Verluststeuerung, welche sich durch den Betrieb von Reluktanzmaschinen ergeben, vorgestellt. / This paper shows the effect of the rotor shape of a reluctance machine and the converter control on the losses of the machine. In addition, it will be shown which possibilities for loss control will result from the operation of reluctance machines.

The occurence of procurement fraud requires from the management of the enterprise, the risk manager of the enterprise as well as the internal auditor to effectively address procurement fraud risks within the enterprise risk management concept. The purpose of the study is to set a procurement fraud risk management process in place which will serve as a comprehensive framework for the enterprise risk manager as well as the internal auditor to limit the enterprise's exposure to procurement fraud risks as far as possible. The study firstly focus on the analysis of the steps within the procurement process which is the starting point for the identification of the fraud risks. Secondly the enterprise risk management model is applied in the format of a procurement risk matrix within the procurement function. The study is an indication that procurement fraud cannot be completely prevented but that the appearance thereof can be limited by means of the extensive procurement fraud risk management model. Recommendations for future studies include the application of the enterprise risk management model in other functional areas within the enterprise. / Die voorkoms van aankoopbedrog vereis van die onderneming se bestuur, ondernemingsrisikobestuurder en interne ouditeur om aankoopbedrogrisiko's effektief binne die konteks van die ondernemingsrisikobestuurskonsep aan te spreek. Die doel van die studie is om `n aankoopbedrogrisikobestuursproses daar te stel wat as `n omvattende raamwerk vir die ondernemingsrisikobestuurder en interne ouditeur kan dien om die onderneming se blootstelling aan aankoopbedrogrisiko's so ver as moontlik te beperk. Die studie fokus eerstens op die ontleding van die stappe in die aankoopproses wat as vertrekpunt vir die identifisering van bedrogrisiko's dien. Tweedens word die ondernemingsrisikobestuursmodel in die vorm van `n aankoopbedrogrisikomatriks in die aankoopfunksie toegepas. Die studie dui daarop dat alhoewel aankoopbedrog nie volkome verhoed kan word nie, die voorkoms daarvan wel beperk kan word deur die toepassing van `n omvattende aankoopbedrogrisikobestuursmodel. Aanbevelings vir verdere studies sluit die toepassing van die ondernemingsrisikobestuursmodel op ander funksionele terreine van die onderneming in. / Auditing / M. Com. (Auditing)

nÃo hà / A escolha da estratÃgia ambiental a ser utilizada pelas empresas leva em consideraÃÃo se a empresa abordarà suas questÃes ambientais atravÃs de sistemas de gestÃo ambiental ou de sistemas integrados de saÃde, seguranÃa e meio ambiente, devendo esta escolha ser baseada no planejamento estratÃgico da empresa. Este trabalho possui como objetivo estudar em uma indÃstria de beneficiamento de castanha de caju, a adequaÃÃo de dois sistemas de gestÃo, um especÃfico de gestÃo ambiental baseado na NBR ISO 14001 e outro de gestÃo integrada de saÃde seguranÃa e meio ambiente baseado no controle de perdas. A metodologia utilizada apresenta inicialmente uma revisÃo dos principais modelos de estratÃgia ambiental, entre eles os modelos de Shrivastava, Hart, Heinhardt, Sharma e o de Stead & Stead. A partir daÃ, busca, atravÃs de um estudo de caso identificar a estratÃgia da empresa, a qual utiliza dois diferentes sistemas, um Sistema de GestÃo Ambiental e um sistema de gestÃo integrada de saÃde, seguranÃa e meio ambiente. Uma comparaÃÃo teÃrica baseada em uma revisÃo bibliogrÃfica apresenta as semelhanÃas e diferenÃas entre estes dois sistemas, e uma pesquisa realizada utilizando-se aplicaÃÃo de questionÃrios semi-estruturados aplicados aos gestores responsÃveis pelos sistemas, visa avaliar qual dessas duas ferramentas se apresenta como mais adequada para atingir os objetivos da estratÃgia ambiental da empresa. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, o sistema de gestÃo ambiental baseado a NBR ISO 14001 obteve um pontuaÃÃo maior, de acordo com os questionÃrios aplicados, que o programa de controle de perdas CTP. A conclusÃo a respeito dos resultados mostra que para a empresa estudada, a gestÃo das questÃes ambientais, tratada atravÃs de um Sistema de GestÃo Ambiental se mostrou mais adequado que o sistema de gerenciamento integrado. / The choice of an environmental strategy by a firm must consider a set of variables, among them, whether a firm approaches its environmental issues through out a specific environmental management system or an integrated one. Therefore, this work aims to study the performance of two management systems â a specific environmental system based on the ISO 14001 and an integrated one based on the Total Loss Control â that are running simultaneously in a processing plant of cashew nuts in the State of CearÃ, Brazil. Based on the main models of environmental strategies â Shrivastava, Hart, Heinhardt, Sharma and Stead & Stead â we identify which strategies the industry adopts to solve its environmental problems. Analyzing the principles and elements that constitute each system, we point out structural similarities and differences among them. Finally, by applying a semi-structurated questionnaire to the managers responsible for the systems, we evaluate, using a Likert scale, which system was more appropriated to reach the environmental goals of the firm. We found that the specific system showed the highest avarage ponctuation according to the managerâs opinions. Therefore, we can conclude that the specific environmental system was better than the integrated system for dealing which the environmental issues in the cashew nut industry.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Julio Cezar de oliveira Freitas_nao permite publicacao_pdf.pdf: 2629498 bytes, checksum: 933e76a7de6f0be7c8d579af7a68bb18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-18 / The primary cementing is an important step in the oilwell drilling process, ensuring the mechanical stability of the well and the hydraulic isolation between casing and formation. For slurries to meet the requirements for application in a certain well, some care in the project should be taken into account to obtain a cement paste with the proper composition. In most cases, it is necessary to add chemicals to the cement to modify its properties, according to the operation conditions and thus obtain slurries that can move inside the jacket providing a good displacement to the interest area. New technologies of preparation and use of chemicals and modernization of technological standards in the construction industry have resulted in the development of new chemical additives for optimizing the properties of building materials. Products such as polycarboxylate superplasticizers provide improved fluidity and cohesion of the cement grains, in addition to improving the dispersion with respect to slurries without additives. This study aimed at adapting chemical additives used in civil construction to be used use in oilwell cement slurries systems, using Portland cement CPP-Special Class as the hydraulic binder. The chemical additives classified as defoamer, dispersant, fluid loss controller and retarder were characterized by infrared absorption spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses and technological tests set by the API (American Petroleum Institute). These additives showed satisfactory results for its application in cement slurries systems for oil wells. The silicone-based defoamer promoted the reduction of air bubbles incorporated during the stirring of the slurries. The dispersant significantly reduced the rheological parameters of the systems studied. The tests performed with the fluid loss controller and the retarder also resulted in suitable properties for application as chemical additives in cement slurries / A cimenta??o prim?ria ? uma etapa importante durante o processo de perfura??o de po?os petrol?feros, garantindo a estabilidade mec?nica do po?o e o isolamento hidr?ulico entre o tubo de revestimento e a forma??o. Para que a pasta de cimento atenda aos requisitos estabelecidos para sua aplica??o em um determinado po?o, alguns cuidados no seu projeto de execu??o devem ser levados em considera??o para a obten??o de uma pasta de cimento com composi??o adequada. Na grande maioria dos casos, ? necess?ria a adi??o de produtos qu?micos ao cimento para modificar suas propriedades, conforme as condi??es do po?o ou opera??o e, assim, obter pastas que possam se deslocar no interior do revestimento promovendo um bom deslocamento at? a zona de interesse. Novas tecnologias de prepara??o e uso de produtos qu?micos e a moderniza??o dos padr?es tecnol?gicos no setor da constru??o civil t?m resultado no desenvolvimento de novos aditivos qu?micos para a otimiza??o das propriedades dos materiais construtivos. Produtos como superplastificantes a base de policarboxilato proporcionam maior fluidez e coes?o dos gr?os de cimento, al?m de melhorar a dispers?o em rela??o ?s pastas sem aditivos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo adequar aditivos qu?micos utilizados na constru??o civil para aplica??o em sistemas de pastas de cimento de po?os petrol?feros, utilizando como aglomerante hidr?ulico o cimento Portland CPP-Classe Especial. Os aditivos qu?micos classificados como antiespumantes, dispersantes, controladores de filtrado e retardadores de pega foram caracterizados por espectroscopia de absor??o na regi?o do infravermelho, an?lise termogravim?trica e ensaios tecnol?gicos estabelecidos pelo API (American Petroleum Institute). Estes aditivos apresentaram resultados satisfat?rios para sua aplica??o em sistemas de pasta de cimento para po?os de petr?leo. O antiespumante, a base de silicone, promoveu redu??o do aprisionamento de ar durante o processo de agita??o das pastas. O aditivo dispersante reduziu consideravelmente os par?metros reol?gicos dos sistemas estudados. Os testes realizados com o controlador de filtrado e o retardador de pega tamb?m apresentaram propriedades adequadas para aplica??o como aditivos qu?micos em pastas para cimenta??o

The occurence of procurement fraud requires from the management of the enterprise, the risk manager of the enterprise as well as the internal auditor to effectively address procurement fraud risks within the enterprise risk management concept. The purpose of the study is to set a procurement fraud risk management process in place which will serve as a comprehensive framework for the enterprise risk manager as well as the internal auditor to limit the enterprise's exposure to procurement fraud risks as far as possible. The study firstly focus on the analysis of the steps within the procurement process which is the starting point for the identification of the fraud risks. Secondly the enterprise risk management model is applied in the format of a procurement risk matrix within the procurement function. The study is an indication that procurement fraud cannot be completely prevented but that the appearance thereof can be limited by means of the extensive procurement fraud risk management model. Recommendations for future studies include the application of the enterprise risk management model in other functional areas within the enterprise. / Die voorkoms van aankoopbedrog vereis van die onderneming se bestuur, ondernemingsrisikobestuurder en interne ouditeur om aankoopbedrogrisiko's effektief binne die konteks van die ondernemingsrisikobestuurskonsep aan te spreek. Die doel van die studie is om `n aankoopbedrogrisikobestuursproses daar te stel wat as `n omvattende raamwerk vir die ondernemingsrisikobestuurder en interne ouditeur kan dien om die onderneming se blootstelling aan aankoopbedrogrisiko's so ver as moontlik te beperk. Die studie fokus eerstens op die ontleding van die stappe in die aankoopproses wat as vertrekpunt vir die identifisering van bedrogrisiko's dien. Tweedens word die ondernemingsrisikobestuursmodel in die vorm van `n aankoopbedrogrisikomatriks in die aankoopfunksie toegepas. Die studie dui daarop dat alhoewel aankoopbedrog nie volkome verhoed kan word nie, die voorkoms daarvan wel beperk kan word deur die toepassing van `n omvattende aankoopbedrogrisikobestuursmodel. Aanbevelings vir verdere studies sluit die toepassing van die ondernemingsrisikobestuursmodel op ander funksionele terreine van die onderneming in. / Auditing / M. Com. (Auditing)

TORRES, Thomas Edson Lima. Avaliação comparativa: sistema de gestão específico versus sistema integrado, o estudo de caso do beneficiamento da castanha de caju. 2004. 86 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente - PRODEMA, Fortaleza-CE, 2004. / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-05-11T12:22:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2004_dis_teltorres.pdf: 535337 bytes, checksum: e865dbe05eb45cf7a03f06311ebbb8fa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-05-11T12:22:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2004_dis_teltorres.pdf: 535337 bytes, checksum: e865dbe05eb45cf7a03f06311ebbb8fa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-11T12:22:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2004_dis_teltorres.pdf: 535337 bytes, checksum: e865dbe05eb45cf7a03f06311ebbb8fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / The choice of an environmental strategy by a firm must consider a set of variables, among them, whether a firm approaches its environmental issues through out a specific environmental management system or an integrated one. Therefore, this work aims to study the performance of two management systems – a specific environmental system based on the ISO 14001 and an integrated one based on the Total Loss Control – that are running simultaneously in a processing plant of cashew nuts in the State of Ceará, Brazil. Based on the main models of environmental strategies – Shrivastava, Hart, Heinhardt, Sharma and Stead & Stead – we identify which strategies the industry adopts to solve its environmental problems. Analyzing the principles and elements that constitute each system, we point out structural similarities and differences among them. Finally, by applying a semi-structurated questionnaire to the managers responsible for the systems, we evaluate, using a Likert scale, which system was more appropriated to reach the environmental goals of the firm. We found that the specific system showed the highest avarage ponctuation according to the manager’s opinions. Therefore, we can conclude that the specific environmental system was better than the integrated system for dealing which the environmental issues in the cashew nut industry. / A escolha da estratégia ambiental a ser utilizada pelas empresas leva em consideração se a empresa abordará suas questões ambientais através de sistemas de gestão ambiental ou de sistemas integrados de saúde, segurança e meio ambiente, devendo esta escolha ser baseada no planejamento estratégico da empresa. Este trabalho possui como objetivo estudar em uma indústria de beneficiamento de castanha de caju, a adequação de dois sistemas de gestão, um específico de gestão ambiental baseado na NBR ISO 14001 e outro de gestão integrada de saúde segurança e meio ambiente baseado no controle de perdas. A metodologia utilizada apresenta inicialmente uma revisão dos principais modelos de estratégia ambiental, entre eles os modelos de Shrivastava, Hart, Heinhardt, Sharma e o de Stead & Stead. A partir daí, busca, através de um estudo de caso identificar a estratégia da empresa, a qual utiliza dois diferentes sistemas, um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental e um sistema de gestão integrada de saúde, segurança e meio ambiente. Uma comparação teórica baseada em uma revisão bibliográfica apresenta as semelhanças e diferenças entre estes dois sistemas, e uma pesquisa realizada utilizando-se aplicação de questionários semi-estruturados aplicados aos gestores responsáveis pelos sistemas, visa avaliar qual dessas duas ferramentas se apresenta como mais adequada para atingir os objetivos da estratégia ambiental da empresa. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, o sistema de gestão ambiental baseado a NBR ISO 14001 obteve um pontuação maior, de acordo com os questionários aplicados, que o programa de controle de perdas CTP. A conclusão a respeito dos resultados mostra que para a empresa estudada, a gestão das questões ambientais, tratada através de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental se mostrou mais adequado que o sistema de gerenciamento integrado.

由於現代企業面臨之風險是多變的，許多有關之法令規定已過時，企業組織可用之資源、成本和效益會產生變化，故企業要能適應未來的變局更需落實風險管理。 企業實施風險管理之重要目標，是為了在損失發生前能以節約的原則，減少憂慮，符合外界規定，並善盡社會責任；在損失發生後能生存，繼續營運，維持收益穩定，以求繼續成長等。然而企業往往會多角化擴充經營範疇，甚至在各處實施特定的經營活動，如此其風險管理將更形複雜。 本文擬以風險管理與損害防阻的實務經驗，佐以理論基礎，說明導入風險管理與損害防阻之目標、策略、程序、計畫、績效評核等，期能使各企業認識、衡量風險，藉由選擇並執行最符合經濟效益之風險管理方法，達到企業永續經營的目標。 其次，以個人在集團內執行安全管理系統和損害防阻安全查勘服務計畫的個案，說明企業損害防阻管理意義、風險的確認、分析與評估、損害防阻管理的執行與考核、績效評估等。最後再以身為企業推動風險管理與損害防阻的一份子，檢視以往歷程提出建議，期能拋磚引玉，讓更多的組織、企業和相關人士重視並推動主動式的風險控制及損害防阻管理。 / Since the risks faced by the modern enterprises are changeable, the laws and stipulations are obsolete and outdated, the resources, costs and benefits used by the enterprises organizations are subject to change, and therefore the enterprises have to carry out the risk management in order to be able to adapt the future changes in situations. The major targets for the enterprises to implement the risk management are for the purposes of reducing the anxiety, conforming to the outside stipulations and fulfilling the social responsibilities sincerely before the losses occur; surviving, operating continually, maintaining the incomes and continuing to grow, etc. if the losses should occur. However, the enterprises often run their business diversified and even operate the specific business activities everywhere, that will make their risk management more complex. This article intends to be written in the view of practical experiences to engage in the risk management, loss prevention and control as well as the assists of theory foundations, depicts the implementations of goals, strategies, procedures, plans and performance evaluations, etc. in risk management, loss prevention and control, anticipating various enterprises to identify and measure the risks by means of selecting and executing the risk management methods which conform to the utmost economical benefits for the goals of running businesses continually. Next, in the case where the writer personally carried out the safety management systems and safety survey service plans of loss prevention and control in group enterprises illustrates the meaning of loss control management, the identification, analysis and evaluation of risk, and the implementation, the verification and performance evaluation of loss control management, etc. Finally, as the member of implementing enterprises risk management and loss prevention and control, the writer examines the past working processes and experiences to offer some recommendations, expecting to throw stones and bring back jade to let much more organizations, enterprises and the parties concerned think highly of and enforce the proactive risk control and loss control management.

The existence of security breaches in most spheres of modern society has caused loss of property and life. Some of these losses are so big that they eventually cripple organisations they affect. There is a need for private security within the South African context. Private security is executed through various security strategies. In most cases, companies operate with both contract and in-house security personnel on site. Regardless of the strategy adopted, companies continue to experience a variety of security risks. Therefore, swift transformation is needed in the security industry. To achieve this, appropriate security strategies will be necessary to overcome security risks. This study was directed by its aim and objectives. The aim was to evaluate contract and in-house security strategies in order to recommend the appropriate strategy to be used in security programmes. This aim was achieved through the sum of its outlined objectives. The first research objective was to establish the advantages and disadvantages of contract and in-house security. The second objective was to examine the effectiveness of contract and in-house security strategies, and the third to recommend appropriate security strategies to be used in security programmes. This study evaluated contract and in-house security in a registered security company located in Johannesburg, South Africa. A qualitative inquiry was implemented, and a case study approach was used to conduct the research study. The research study combines both literature and empirical research to reach its findings and make its recommendations. While there are 500 employees in the company, the sample was made up of 38 participants. A non-probability sampling method was adopted, and a purposive sampling method was used to select the participants. Furthermore, a face-to-face semi-structured interview schedule that included probing questions was used to collect data. The participants were targeted based on their knowledge and experience in issues surrounding management, policy, and security strategies. The sample consisted of 10 employees in the management category, 13 human resources employees and 15 security employees. The findings of this study were wide, but specific to the context in which it was researched. The advantages and disadvantages of contract and in-house security were comprehensively explored and narrated. This was done through a review of the literature and the raw data obtained from the research participants. The study determined the effectiveness of the two security strategies within the milieu of the case study under study. Furthermore, the study determined that there is no conclusive answer with regards to the most appropriate security strategy to be used. This chosen strategy is dependent on the specific security requirements. Once these requirements have been outlined, the specific strategy can be chosen, namely: contract security, in-house security or a hybrid approach. Recommendations are surplus to the findings of the study. The findings of a research study often go beyond the aim and objectives it set out to achieve. This study produced findings wider than the context of its predetermined aim and objectives and that are relevant to role players within the security industry. / Ukuba khona kwezenzo zokuphula amahlelo wezokuphepha emikhakheni eminengi yomphakathi wesimodeni sekubangele ukulahleka kwepahla nepilo. Ezinye zezehlakalo zalokhu kulahleka kwepahla ngendlela kukukhulu ngakho kuze kubulala neenhlangano ezithintekako. Kunesidingo sehlelo lezokuphepha langasese ngaphakathi kobujamo beSewula Afrika. Ihlelo lezokuphepha langasese/langeqadi Ihlelo lezokuphepha langeqadi lisetjenziswa ngamano ahlukeneko. Esikhathini esinengi, iinkampani zisebenza ngabasebenzi besivumelwano sesikhatjhana (contract) nabasebenzi bezokuphepha abahlaliswe esikhungweni esisodwa. Ngaphandle kokuqala amano amukelweko, iinkampani ziragela phambili nokuhlangabezana neengozi zokuphepha ezahlukahlukeneko. Yeke-ke, ihlelo elirhabileko lamatjhuguluko liyadingeka ebubulweni lezokuphepha. Ukuphumelela kilokhu, kuzokufuneka amano wezokuphepha afaneleko ukuze kuqedwe iingozi kezokuphepha. Leli rhubhululo belirholwa phambili mnqopho neenhloso zalo. Umnqopho kwakukuhlola ikontraga kanye namano wezokuphepha okwenziwa esikhungwini esisodwa ukuze kunconywe amano afaneleko okufanele asetjenziswemkumaphrogremu wezokuphepha. Lo mnqopho wafikelelwa ngeenhloso zoke zeminqopho zawo eyendlaliweko. Irhubhululo lokuthoma kwakukuhloma amathuba amahle kanye namathuba amambi wehlelo lezokuphepha eliyikontraga nelingaphakathi kwesikhungo. Umnqopho wesibili kwakukuhlolisisa ukusebenza kuhle kwamano wekontraga namano wezokuphepha ezisesikhungwini, kanti umnqopho wesithathu kuncoma amano afaneleko wezokuphepha ukobana asetjenziswe kumaphrogremu wezokuphepha. Leli rhubhululo lihlole ihlelo lezokuphepha lesivumelwano/sekontraga nelesikhungo kukhamphani yezokuphepha etlolisiweko enzinze eJohannesburg, eSewula Afrika. Iphenyisiso elidzimelele kukhwalithi lisetjenzisiwe ukwenza isifundo serhubhululo. Isifundo serhubhululo sihlanganisa yomibili imitlolo yobukghwari kanye nerhubhululo eliphathekako ukufikelela kulwazi belenze iincomo zalo. Njengombana kunabasebenzi abama-500 kukhamphani, isampuli yenziwa ngabadlalindima abama-38. Indlela yezampula i-non-probability sampling yalandelwa, kanti kusetjenziswe indlela yesampuli enehloso i-purposive sampling isetjenziselwe ukukhetha abadlalindima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, itjhejuli yehlolombono equntwe phakathi yokuqalana ubuso nobuso efaka imibuzo ephenyako isetjenziswe ukubuthelela idatha. Abadlalindima bebakhethwa ngokuqala ilwazi labo kanye nelwazi elimalungana neendaba zokuphatha, umthethomgomo kanye namano wezokuphepha. Isampuli beyinabasebenzi abali-10 esigabeni sezokuphatha, 13 yabasebenzi bomnyango wezokuqatjhwa kwabasebenzi kanye nabasebenzi abali-15 bezokuphepha. Ilwazi elitholakeleko laleli rhubhululo belinabile, kodwana linqophe ikakhulukazi ebujameni lapho irhubhululo lenziwa khona. Ubuhle nobumbi bamahlelo wezokuphepha wekontraga newesikhungwini ahlolisiswe begodu acocwa ngendlela enabileko. Lokhu kwenziwe ngokubuyekezwa komtlolo wobukghwari kanye nedatha ehlaza etholakele kubadlalindima berhubhululo. Irhubhululo liveze ukusebenza kuhle kwamano amabili wezokuphepha ngaphakathi kobujamo (milieu) besibonelorhubhululo (case study) ngaphasi kwesifundo serhubhululo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, irhubhululo liveze ukuthi akunapendulo yinye esiphetho malungana namano afaneleko wezokuphepha okufanele asetjenziswe. La mano akhethiweko adzimelele phezu kweemfuneko ezithileko zokuphepha. Ngemva kobana iimfuneko lezi sezendlaliwe, amano athileko angakhethwa, wona ngilawa: ihlelo lezokuphepha lekontraga, ihlelo lezokuphepha langendleni nanyana indlela ehlanganisiweko. / U vha hone ha matavhi a tsireledzo kha masia manzhi a tshitshavha tsha zwino ho vhanga ndozwo kha ndaka na matshilo. Dzinwe dza ndozwo idzi ndi khulwanesa dzine dza fhedzisela dzi tshi khou hotefhadza zwiimiswa zwine zwa khou zwi thithisa. Hu na thodea ya tsireledzo ya phuraivethe kha nyimele ya Afrika Tshipembe. Tsireledzo ya phuraivethe dzi shumiswa kha zwitirathedzhi zwa tsireledzo zwo fhambanaho. Kha nyimele nnzhi, khamphani dzi shuma na vhuvhili ha vhashumi vha khonthiraka na vha tshiimiswa kha vhupo. Zwi si na ndavha na tshitirathedzhi tshine tsha khou shumiswa, khamphani dzi bvela phanda na u tshenzhela khohakhombo dza tsireledzo dzo fhambanaho. Nga zwenezwo, hu khou todea tshanduko nga u tavhanya kha ndowetshumo ya tsireledzo. U swikelela izwi, zwitirathedzhi zwo teaho zwa tsireledzo zwi do vha zwa ndeme u kunda khohakhombo dza tsireledzo. Tsedzuluso iyi i do sedza kha ndivho na zwipikwa zwayo. Ndivho ho vha u ela zwitirathedzhi zwa tsireledzo ya khonthiraka na ya tshiimiswa u itela u themendela zwitirathedzhi zwo teaho u shumiswa kha mbekanyamushumo dza tsireledzo. Ndivho yo swikelelwa nga kha tshivhalo tsha zwipikwa zwo bviselwaho khagala. Tshipikwa tsha u thoma tsha thodisiso ho vha u bveledza vhudi na vhuvhi ha tsireledzo ya khonthiraka na ya tshiimiswa. Tshipikwa tsha vhuvhili ho vha u tola u shuma ha zwitirathedzhi zwa tsireledzo ya khontiraka na ya tshiimiswa, na tsha vhuraru u themendela zwitirathedzhi zwo teaho zwa tsireledzo zwine zwa do shumiswa kha mbekanyamushumo dza tsireledzo. Tsedzuluso yo tola tsireledzo ya khontiraka na ya tshiimiswa kha khamphani ya tsireledzo yo nwaliswaho ine ya wanala Johannesburg, Afrika Tshipembe. Ho shumiswa maitele a khwaḽithathivi, na maitele a thodisiso o shumiswa u ita ngudo dza thodisiso. Ngudo ya thodisiso yo tanganyisa manwalwa na zwithu zwi re khagala u swikelela mawanwa ayo na u ita themendelo dzayo. Musi hu na vhashumi vha 500 kha khamphani, tsumbonanguludzwa dzo bveledzwa nga vhadzheneleli vha 38. Ho shumiswa kuitele kwa tsumbonanguludzwa dza vhadzheneleli vhane vha si fhiwe zwikhala zwine zwa edana, na u shumisa kuitele kwa tsumbonanguludzwa ho sedzwa vhukoni kha vhadzheneleli. U isa phanda, kha u kuvhanganya data ho shumiswa inthaviwu ya u tou livhana zwifhatuwo ya mbudziso dzo tou u dzudzanywaho ine ya katela na u vhudzisa mbudziso. Vhadzheneleli vho tiwa ho sedzwa ndivho na tshenzhemo zwavho, kha mafhungo ane a kwama ndangulo, mbekanyamaitele, na zwitirathedzhi zwa tsireledzo. Tsumbonanguludzwa dzo vhumbwa nga vhashumi vha 10 kha khethekanyo ya ndangulo, 13 u bva kha vhashumi vha zwiko zwa vhashumi na vhashumi vha tsireledzo vha 15. Mawanwa a ngudo heyi o tandavhuwa, fhedzi o dodombedza nyimele ye ha itwa thodisiso khayo. Vhudi na vhuvhi ha tsireledzo ya khonthiraka na ya tshiimiswa zwo wanulusa na u talutshedzwa nga vhudalo. Hezwi zwo itwa nga kha u sedzwa hafhu ha manwalwa na data i songo vanganyiwaho ye ya waniwa u bva kha vhadzheneleli vha vhatodisisi. Thodisiso yo ta u shuma ha zwitirathedzhi zwa tsireledzo zwivhili fhethu ha ngudo nga fhasi ha ngudo. U ya phanda, ngudo yo ta uri a hu na phindulo yo khwathisedzwaho zwi tshi da kha tsireledzo yo teaho nga maanda ine ya fanela u shumiswa. Tshitirathedzhi tsho nangiwaho tsho ditika nga thodea dza tsireledzo dzo tiwaho. Musi thodea idzi dzo no bviselwa khagala, tshitirathedzhi tsho tiwaho tshi nga nangiwa, tshine tsha vha: tsireledzo ya khonthiraka, tsireledzo ya tshiimiswa, kana maitele o tanganelaho. Themendelo ndi zwo salaho kha mawanwa a ngudo. Mawanwa a thodisiso dza ngudo tshifhinga tshothe a fhira ndivho na zwipikwa zwo vhewaho u zwi swikelelwa. Ngudo heyi yo bveledza mawanwa o tandavhuwaho u fhira nyimele ya ndivho na zwipikwa zwo tiwaho u thoma o teaho kha vhashelamulenzhe kha ndowetshumo ya tsireledzo. / Security Risk Management / M. Tech. (Security Management)

Motivation This project was of specific importance to the private security industry, victims of residential burglary, community policing forums and the South African Police Service in providing detailed information regarding recommendations of how to manage and combat residential burglary in two selected northern suburbs of Johannesburg. Problem statement Residential burglary is categorised in the top three highest reported crimes according to the official South African Police Service statistics for the 2006/7 financial years. A series of victim interviews, docket analysis, case plotting and residential security audit surveys were conducted to determine the extent (or lack thereof) of security measures at a burgled residence in the selected area. Approach Field data was collected through docket analysis, plotting crime scenes (descriptive mapping), victim interviews and residential security audit surveys. Results The majority of victims of burglary interviewed did not have the minimum security system (integrated measures) in place. Those victims, who had security measures, appeared not to have made or implemented effective use of them. Conclusion Security at a residence extends beyond just the immediate house area and the focus (security risk assessment) should start with the immediate neighbourhood (community) area working inwards towards the property perimeter (boundary), inner perimeter (garden area) and then finally the immediate house area. / CRIMINOLOGY / MTECH: SECURITY RISK MAN

Motivation This project was of specific importance to the private security industry, victims of residential burglary, community policing forums and the South African Police Service in providing detailed information regarding recommendations of how to manage and combat residential burglary in two selected northern suburbs of Johannesburg. Problem statement Residential burglary is categorised in the top three highest reported crimes according to the official South African Police Service statistics for the 2006/7 financial years. A series of victim interviews, docket analysis, case plotting and residential security audit surveys were conducted to determine the extent (or lack thereof) of security measures at a burgled residence in the selected area. Approach Field data was collected through docket analysis, plotting crime scenes (descriptive mapping), victim interviews and residential security audit surveys. Results The majority of victims of burglary interviewed did not have the minimum security system (integrated measures) in place. Those victims, who had security measures, appeared not to have made or implemented effective use of them. Conclusion Security at a residence extends beyond just the immediate house area and the focus (security risk assessment) should start with the immediate neighbourhood (community) area working inwards towards the property perimeter (boundary), inner perimeter (garden area) and then finally the immediate house area. / CRIMINOLOGY / MTECH: SECURITY RISK MAN