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Traditionally, Rosa Luxemburg has not been understood as a feminist. In the beginnings of her socio-political career she did not align herself with feminism. However, as time progressed, Luxemburg became increasingly weary of male-chauvinistic ideals including Revisionism, opportunism, centralization, militarism, and war. Luxemburg's socio-political theories and her relationships with the women's movement led her to label herself as feminist. This thesis outlines and examines the claim that Luxemburg can be described and labeled a feminist.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-05-04Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:11:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_sar_me_mar.pdf: 1016540 bytes, checksum: 5469a6caabfad7d6ec5b998f41713f1b (MD5) / A linha que guia toda teoria política de Rosa Luxemburg consiste na importância fundamental fornecida à ação autônoma e criadora das massas para uma efetiva superação da sociedade capitalista em todas as esferas. A proposta deste trabalho é discutir, por meio do núcleo de acontecimentos que permearam a vida política de Luxemburg - Bernstein-Debatte, a revolução russa de 1905, a explosão da I Guerra e a crise no movimento social-democrata, a Revolução Russa de 1917 e a criação dos soviets no movimento operário socialista internacional, juntamente com as experiências dos conselhos na Revolução Alemã de 1918-1919 - a concepção de autonomia das massas e sua importância no processo histórico levando em conta os elementos objetivos e subjetivos, a relação entre espontaneidade e organização. Pretende-se portanto destacar as propostas de estratégias políticas de Rosa Luxemburg para o fortalecimento revolucionário das organizações e instrumentos de luta próprios do proletariado, crescimento interligado à conscientização das massas, e para o desenvolvimento de embriões socialistas no interior da sociedade capitalista, que tomam forma através dos conselhos de operários e soldados. Estes produtos da experiência de luta de massa são a essência da concepção de organização democrática proletária defendida pela autora. / The line that guides all political theory of Rosa Luxemburg is the importance given to the autonomous and creative action of an effective mass to overcome the capitalist society in all spheres. The proposal of this study is to argue, through the core of events that permeated the political life of Luxemburg: Bernetein-Debatte, the Russian revolution of 1905, the eruption of the First War and the crisis of the social-democratic movement, the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the creation of soviets in the international socialist movement, along with the experiences of councils in the German Revolution of 1918-1919, the concept of autonomy of the masses and their importance in the historical process taking into account the objective and subjective elements, the relationship between spontaneity and organization. It is therefore proposed to highlight the political strategies of Luxemburg to the strengthening of the revolutionary organizations and the tools to fight the proletariat, growing awareness of the interconnected bodies, and the development of embryos within the socialist capitalist society, which take shape through the soviets and councils of workers and soldiers. These products from the experience of mass struggle is the essence of the conception of proletarian democratic organization supported by the author.

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Ve své diplomové práci se jsem se pokusil popsat politickou situaci v Itálii v první třetině 14. století se zaměřením na působení významných osobností Lucemburského rodu v této oblasti. Pro zpracování jsem zvolil léta 1308-1313, 1330-1333 a rok 1337. Zaměřil jsem se hlavně na osobu Jindřicha IV. Lucemburského, jeho nástup k moci, volbu říšským králem a následnou cestu za císařskou korunou. V práci rozebírám reformy, které Jindřich použil při správě Italských měst během cesty na Řím. Dále se zaměřuji na odezvu, kterou jeho působení vyvolávalo u příslušníků dvou hlavních politických směrů v Itálii, tedy u guelfů a ghibelinů, i u francouzského krále Filipa IV. a u papeže Klimenta V. pobývajícího tou dobou v Avignonu. Dále se zaobírám pokusem českého krále Jana Lucemburského a jeho syna Karla o založení Lucemburské signorie na území Lombardie, Toskánska a Emilia Romagna a jejich neúspěšné snahy o udržení tohoto území pod Lucemburskou nadvládou. A Karlovo krátkodobým pokusem o získání území v severní Itálii v roce 1337. Opět se věnuji vlivu jejich působení na politiku měst zmíněných oblastí. Také se okrajově zaměřuji na vliv Jindřicha Lucemburského na spisovatele Danta Alighieriho a jeho dílo "De Monarchia" s Jindřichovo tažením do Říma jako předlohou pro vznik tohoto díla.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

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