Many transportation systems used today are costly, slow, fragmented, and dangerous. This paper explores the inefficiencies and negative impacts associated with our current transportation systems. Simple to technologically advanced solutions are explored along with how to integrate these methods for all users in a sustainable fashion. The vision proposes a blend of scientific method, technological advancement, and common sense which is environmentally aware and integrated for all users by using the Dutch Regional and Sustainable Traffic Management Process. / text

Submitted by Diogo Barreiros (diogo.barreiros@ufba.br) on 2017-02-09T19:20:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação.pdf: 706863 bytes, checksum: b4fe1469b23eb1f7c0904dc09c59fe8e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Reis (vanessa.jamile@ufba.br) on 2017-02-10T11:17:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação.pdf: 706863 bytes, checksum: b4fe1469b23eb1f7c0904dc09c59fe8e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-10T11:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação.pdf: 706863 bytes, checksum: b4fe1469b23eb1f7c0904dc09c59fe8e (MD5) / Esta dissertação trata do controle de um sistema não linear representado por um sistema de levitação magnética. O objetivo é controlar a posição de um disco magnético por meio da aplicação de uma corrente elétrica em uma bobina. O sistema físico utilizado neste trabalho foi fabricado pela ECP – Educational Control Product e está disponível no Laboratório de Controle da Escola Politécnica da UFBA, onde este trabalho foi desenvolvido. Este sistema foi utilizado para validação dos resultados obtidos por simulações computacionais, tanto para modelagem matemática quanto para a técnica de controle utilizada. O levitador magnético foi modelado matematicamente por meio de uma equação diferencial não linear de 2ª ordem, obtida a partir do estudo fenomenológico das leis físicas que regem o sistema, e relaciona o deslocamento do disco magnético em função da corrente aplicada à bobina. Para o projeto do sistema de controle foi utilizada a técnica de linearização exata por realimentação de estados. Esta técnica pode ser aplicada a uma classe de sistemas não lineares representados por equações de estados e que sejam controláveis e involutivos. A aplicação da técnica permite o cancelamento direto das não linearidades do sistema, por meio de uma transformação dos estados, tornando a dinâmica do sistema linear. Dessa forma, para o novo sistema linearizado, pode-se projetar um controlador linear. Nesta segunda parte, utilizou-se o método de alocação de pólos, que consiste na alocação de todos os pólos de malha fechada do sistema em posições desejadas de modo que a estabilidade do sistema seja garantida e critérios de projeto sejam atendidos. A técnica de linearização exata por realimentação de estados combinada com o método de alocação de pólos foram simulados no Matlab/Simulink e aplicados ao modelo teórico do sistema de levitação magnética. Em seguida, as técnicas foram aplicadas na planta do levitador magnético. Os resultados obtidos com a simulação foram validados comparando-os com os resultados da implementação das técnicas no sistema físico. Observou-se que a combinação das técnicas de linearização exata por realimentação de estados e alocação de pólos cumpriu seu papel ao controlar a posição do disco magnético em posições desejadas atendendo aos critérios de projeto.

Submitted by HASSAN COSTA ARBEX null (h.arbex@terra.com.br) on 2016-12-28T21:32:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_DOC_HASSAN.pdf: 5609342 bytes, checksum: e8da1e714391dbfdfaec2c7f7b47e705 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-01-03T16:12:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arbex_hc_dr_bauru.pdf: 5609342 bytes, checksum: e8da1e714391dbfdfaec2c7f7b47e705 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-03T16:12:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arbex_hc_dr_bauru.pdf: 5609342 bytes, checksum: e8da1e714391dbfdfaec2c7f7b47e705 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Recentemente, o interesse e a pesquisa de coleta de energia têm aumentado substancialmente no meio técnico-científico. Com a grande demanda mundial por energia elétrica, muitos pesquisadores, no Brasil e no Mundo, têm concentrado seus esforços na busca de novas fontes de energia. No processo de coleta de energia, a energia elétrica é obtida através da conversão de energia mecânica criada por uma fonte de vibração do meio ambiente através de um transdutor. Fontes de vibração do meio ambiente podem ser causadas em estruturas através do movimento de veículos, ondas do mar e até o deslocamento de pessoas. Com isso, este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a coleta de energia utilizando um dispositivo MagLev não-linear excitado externamente em sua base por uma fonte não ideal. A metodologia empregada para a realização das análises deste trabalho foram: utilizar o método de múltiplas escalas para buscar as melhores configurações dos parâmetros e realização de simulações numéricas utilizando o método de Runge-Kutta de quarta e quinta ordem com passo variável buscando otimizar a coleta de energia através da variação de parâmetros, diagramas de bifurcação, expoente de lyapunov, históricos no tempo entre outros. Em geral serão feitas duas comparações entre o resultado numérico e o resultado obtido analiticamente pelo método das múltiplas escalas, bem como a melhor configuração de parâmetros para uma melhor coleta de energia. / Recently, interest and energy harvesting research have increased substantially in the technical-scientific community. With the high global demand for electricity, many researchers in Brazil and the world, have concentrated their efforts in the search for new energy sources. Energy collection process, electrical energy is obtained by converting mechanical energy created by a vibration source of the environment through a transducer. environmental sources of vibration may be caused in structures by the movement of cars, train, sea waves, and even the movement of people. Thus, this work aims to study the collection of energy using an excited nonlinear MagLev device externally at its base by a non ideal source. The employed methodology for the carrying out the analyzes of this study were to use the method of multiple scales to find the best parameter settings and performing numerical simulations using the Runge-Kutta method of fourth and fifth order with variable step in order to optimize the collection energy by variation of parameters, bifurcation diagrams, exponent lyapunov, historical time among others. In general two comparisons are made between the numerical result and the analytical result obtained by the method of multiple scales, and the best parameter setting for improved energy harvesting.

This Master Thesis focuses on rail transport in Japan. It describes the evolution of Japanese railroads from the beginning until present day, when is Japan the leading country in personal rail transportation. Further, there are described major railway operators and high-speed railway network Shinkansen. Later it explains modern system Maglev, which is momentarily built in Japan. The analysis focuses on financial indicators and specific traits of Japanese railroads. In the end the author compares Shinkansen against other means of transport on two major routes of different length. He asks question how introduction of new forms of rail transportation can change the Japan.

The main contents of this diploma thesis is apply inventions and ideas to create innovative design of maglev and show own creative activity and ability of object displacement from function sphere to sphere of aesthetic, ergonomy and serviceability.

Ett projekt som visar hur Mälardalen kan utvecklas till flerkärnig stadsregion. En hållbar stadsutveckling, med ökad närhet till naturen, ett lugnare tempo och högre livskvalitet. Bakgrunden är att befolkningen förväntas öka med 600 000 - 800 000 invånare i Stockholm-Mälarregionen till 2030. I projektet föreslår jag omfattande investeringar i infrastruktur, bland annat en Maglevbana för att knyta samman städerna kring Mälaren. Att korta restiderna mellan dessa städer är centralt för att skapa en mer integrerad arbets- och bostadsmarknad i regionen. I Stockholm kommer förbifarten att bidra till att länka samman de norra och södra förorterna, och tillsammans med Maglevbanans tre Stockholmsstationer finns grundstrukturen för Stockholms framtida utveckling. En stad med tre centrum som öppnar sig mot Mälardalen.

Yes / In view of high-performance, multifunctional and low-carbon development of infrastructures, there is a growing demand for smart engineering materials, making infrastructures intelligent. This paper reports a new-generation self-sensing cementitious composite (SSCC) incorporated with a hierarchically structured carbon fiber-carbon nanotube composite filler (CF-CNT), which is in-situ synthesized by directly growing CNT on CF. Various important factors including catalyst, temperature, and gas composition are considered to investigate their kinetic and thermodynamic influence on CF-CNT synthesis. The reciprocal architecture of CF-CNT not only alleviates the CNT aggregation, but also significantly improves the interfacial bonding between CF-CNTs and matrix. Due to the synergic and spatially morphological effects of CF-CNT, i.e., the formation of widely distributed multiscale reinforcement networks, SSCCs with CF-CNTs exhibit high mechanical properties and electrical conductivity as well as excellent self-sensing performances, particularly enhanced sensing repeatability. Moreover, the SSCCs with CF-CNTs are integrated into a full-scale maglev girder to devise a smart system for crack development monitoring. The system demonstrates high sensitivity and fidelity to capture the initiation of cracks/damage, as well as progressive and sudden damage events until complete failure of the maglev girder, indicating its considerable potential for structural health monitoring of infrastructures. / The work described in this paper is supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China (51978127 and 51578110) and grants from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M710973 and 2022M720648).

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamos traukinių ant magnetinės pagalvės (MAGLEV) technologijos. Atlikta išsami traukinių ant magnetinės pagalvės pasaulinės patirties analizė. Ištirti šių traukinių pagrindiniai privalumai ir trūkumai lyginant su įprastiniais greitaisiais traukiniais. Parinkti traukinių eksploatavimo lyginamieji parametrai. Pateikiami riedmenų TRASNRAPID 08 (MAGLEV) ir ICE 3 (tradicinės sistemos) techniniai ekonominiai lyginimo rezultatai. Atliktas daugiakriteris vertinimas. Pabaigoje suformuluotos išvados. Baigiamajame magistro darbe sudarytos 37 lentelės, pavaizduota 60 paveikslų. Darbo apimtis 95 psl. / Final master work analyzes technologies of trains on magnetic cushion (MAGLEV). World experience analysis of trains on magnetic cushion is made. Advantages and disadvantages of MAGLEV systems in comparison with other high speed trains are also discussed. Performance comparative parameters were chosen. Technical economical analysis results are made using TRASNRAPID 08 as MAGLEV system train and ICE 3 as traditional system train. Also multi criteria evaluation is made. Finally, conclusions are formed. Final master work consists: 37 tables, 60 figures and 4 appendixes. Work size 95 pages.

After decades of standstill in intercity passenger rail in the United States, the Obama administration recently started major initiatives to implement high-speed ground transportation projects that are expected to improve the nation's transportation system significantly, addressing most prevailing issues like congestion and energy prices while having positive effects on the economy. This study evaluates and compares two high-speed ground transportation systems that have the potential to improve intercity passenger transportation in the United States significantly: the wheel-on-rail high-speed system and the high-speed maglev system. Both high-speed ground transportation systems were evaluated with respect to 58 characteristics organized into 7 categories associated with technology, environmental impacts, economic considerations, user-friendliness, operations, political factors, and safety. Based on the performance of each system in each of the 58 characteristics, benefit values were assigned. In order to weight the relative importance of the different characteristics, a survey was conducted with transportation departments and transportation professionals. The survey produced weighting factors scoring each of the 58 characteristics and the 7 categories. Applying a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach, the overall utility values for either system were calculated based on the benefit values from the systems comparison and the weighting factors from the survey. It was shown that the high-speed maglev system is generally slightly superior over the wheel-on-rail high-speed system. Because the magnitude of the difference in the overall performance of both transportation systems is not very big, it is recommended that every project in the high-speed intercity passenger transportation market consider both HSGT systems equally.

Ein wirtschaftlich optimal ausgelegtes Magnetschwebebahnsystem kann zur Lösung der weltweit drohenden Verkehrsprobleme beitragen, die im Zuge von Globalisierung und steigender Bevölkerung vor allem Regionen mit hohem Wachstumspotential bevorstehen. Im Grenzbereich zwischen Technikbewertung und Wirtschaftlichkeitsbetrachtung werden in der vorliegenden Forschungsarbeit einerseits Optimierungsansätze für das Subsystem „Antrieb und Energieversorgung“ des Transrapid vorgestellt. Sie leisten einen Beitrag zur Erhöhung der Wirtschaftlichkeit des Gesamtsystems über den Lebenszyklus. Auf der anderen Seite wird eine Methodik präsentiert, die es ermöglicht, die betriebswirtschaftlichen Wirkungen der einzelnen Optimierungsmaßnahmen für das Gesamtsystem abzuschätzen. Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchungen ist die Analyse von Zielsystem und aktuellem Entwicklungsstand des Transrapid-Systems. Darauf aufbauend lassen sich mögliche Optimierungsschwerpunkte für das Teilsystem „Antrieb und Energieversorgung“ ableiten und Varianten in Abhängigkeit der Auslegungsparameter erstellen. Kernstück der vorliegenden Ausarbeitung ist die Erstellung einer Optimierungsstrategie, die eine makroskopische Bewertung der Optimierungsansätze ermöglicht. Dies ist erforderlich, da sämtliche Optimierungen stark divergierende Auswirkungen auf die Betriebswirtschaftlichkeit des Gesamtsystems haben - neben den Kosten werden über die Leistungsfähigkeit auch die Erlöse eines Projekts beeinflusst. Basis der Strategie ist die Verknüpfung von Kostenänderungsfaktoren mit Leistungsfähigkeitsparametern. Infolgedessen wird im Ergebnis der Arbeit ein Werkzeug geschaffen, das unter projektspezifischen Randbedingungen als Entscheidungshilfe zur Auslegung des Transrapid-Subsystems „Antrieb und Energieversorgung“ dient.