Submitted by Elesbão Santiago Neto (neto10uepb@cche.uepb.edu.br) on 2018-04-11T18:01:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Pablo Reja Sánchez.pdf: 42355278 bytes, checksum: ae95e6469649f1c3b38a57e165038102 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-11T18:01:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Pablo Reja Sánchez.pdf: 42355278 bytes, checksum: ae95e6469649f1c3b38a57e165038102 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-11 / CAPES / This dissertation research intends to study the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union. This dissertation aims to study its history, funding, structure and political importance, and in this way, once such processes are defined, to analyze the historic free trade negotiations between the EU and MERCOSUR. The study of these negotiations allows for the observation of the conflicting positions and their current status, weighing the arguments put forward by both blocs, showing, from the Latin American side, a bitter criticism of the agricultural protectionism of the old continent, and from the European side, criticism of the industrial protectionism and impeded access to public contracts of MERCOSUR countries. In order to do this, the economic sectors will be studied by blocks, comparing productive sectors and exports within the European Union and MERCOSUR, in an attempt to decipher the comparative importance of the agricultural sector and its economic weight both in the EU and MERCOSUR. Thus, at the end of the project, the items placed on the table shall be examined, to specify how and why, the PAC acts as a limiting agent in not reaching an effective free trade agreement between the European Union and its partner in the Southern Cone. / Esta disertación, objetiva efectuar una investigación analítica sobre la Política Agrícola Común (PAC) de la Unión Europea. Pretende estudiarse su historia, financiación, estructura e importancia política, para de esta forma, una vez definidos tales procesos, analizar el histórico de las negociaciones de libre comercio entre la Unión Europea y el MERCOSUR. El estudio de dichas negociaciones, permite observar las posturas contrapuestas y su estado actual, situando en la balanza los argumentos por ambos bloques esgrimidos, lo que muestra, desde el lado latinoamericano, una amarga crítica al proteccionismo agrícola del viejo continente, y desde el lado europeo, críticas al proteccionismo industrial y al impedimento al acceso a los contratos públicos de los países del MERCOSUR. Para ello, se estudiarán los sectores económicos por bloques, comparando sectores productivos y exportaciones, dentro de la Unión Europea y el MERCOSUR, proyectando descifrar la importancia sectorial agrícola comparativamente y su peso económico tanto en la UE como en el MERCOSUR. De esta forma, al final del proyecto, podrán examinarse los elementos colocados encima de la mesa, para concretizar de qué forma, cómo y por qué, la PAC actúa como agente limitador en el hecho de no alcanzar un efectivo acuerdo de libre comercio entre la Unión Europea y su socio del Cono Sur.

Submitted by Elesbão Santiago Neto (neto10uepb@cche.uepb.edu.br) on 2018-04-12T18:33:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Jessica Gomes Machado.pdf: 36328218 bytes, checksum: f137a6720f569e366da93c7d499d0c77 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-12T18:33:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Jessica Gomes Machado.pdf: 36328218 bytes, checksum: f137a6720f569e366da93c7d499d0c77 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-24 / CAPES / This dissertation paper analyzes the social dimension in the Regional Integration Process through participatory democracy. In this regard, we go through the historical background of integration and transformations that happened in the forms of South America’s government, until the arrival of democracy. In general, the South American’s countries were subject to social upheavals and military coups, but in the mid-1980s, the region initiated the re-democratization period. Democracy has been considered as an important factor to bring better socio-economic conditions to the Southern Cone, so it is necessary that citizens become participants in this process. In this research will be analyzed how the Mercosur acts in a creating policies for realization of popular participation, representing a maturing of the block so that the social issue is more debated, finding in the Mercosur Social and Participative incentive for greater social participation, it will be performed a study of the social initiatives of the block. By presenting the theoretical basis of regional integration, it was demonstrate the applicability of regional integration’s theories, the Functionalism and Neofunctionalism to explain the block’s case. Firstly this study aims to analyze Mercosur’s social measures, we aim to investigate how these initiatives contribute to the deepening of the social dimension of the block. / A presente dissertação analisa a dimensão social no Processo de Integração Regional, através da democracia participativa. Para tanto, percorremos os antecedentes históricos da integração e as transformações sofridas nas formas de governo dos países da América do Sul, até a chegada da democracia. Em termos gerais, os países sulamericanos ficaram sujeitos a convulsões sociais e golpes militares, mas em meados da década de 1980, a região deu início ao período de redemocratização. A democracia passou a ser considerada um fator importante para trazer melhores condições sócioeconômicas para o Cone Sul, assim, é necessário que os cidadãos se tornem participantes desse processo. Nessa pesquisa será analisada a forma como o Mercosul atua na criação de políticas voltadas para realização da participação popular, representando um amadurecimento do bloco, fazendo com que a questão social seja mais debatida, encontrando no Mercosul Social e Participativo incentivo para uma maior participação social, será realizado um estudo das iniciativas sociais do bloco. Ao apresentar as bases teóricas da integração regional, procurou-se demonstrar a aplicabilidade das teorias da integração regional, o Funcionalismo e Neofuncionalismo, para explicar o caso do bloco. Este trabalho se propõe principalmente analisar as medidas sociais do Mercosul, temos por objetivo averiguar de que maneira essas iniciativas contribuem para o aprofundamento da dimensão social do bloco.

Zugl.: Köln, Univ., Diss., 2008 / Hergestellt on demand

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [387]-418).

La présente thèse a pour objet l’étude du régionalisme. Ce dernier se réfère ici à des régions mondiales constituant une dimension médiane entre le niveau étatique et le système mondial. Notre analyse porte donc sur les nouvelles expériences régionales qui ont émergé dans le contexte de la globalisation néolibérale et de la post-guerre froide. Le régionalisme est analysé en tant qu’objet des relations internationales et l’étude de cas choisi est celui du régionalisme latino-américain, et plus précisément le Marché commun du Sud (MERCOSUR). Une importante partie des travaux consacrés à l'explication du régionalisme partent d'une approche essentiellement endogène accordant une attention distraite aux déterminants exogènes. Pour comprendre la nature du nouveau régionalisme, il faut le situer dans une perspective globale qui tient compte de l’interrelation entre les niveaux national, régional et global. Bien que le régionalisme renvoie à des logiques internes propres, le phénomène est fortement conditionné et façonné par l’extérieur du fait qu’il évolue en interaction directe et constante avec le monde économique et politique international, et qu’il fait l’objet de politiques menées par des acteurs dominants de l’arène mondiale. Les déterminants extérieurs sont donc essentiels pour comprendre l’évolution du régionalisme. Dès lors, la thèse se propose de répondre à la question suivante : comment et en quoi la nature et l’évolution du régionalisme se trouve façonnée par le cadre exogène et comment ce dernier interagit avec les facteurs d’ordre interne ? Pour répondre à cette question il convient de resituer le MERCOSUR dans le cadre du triangle atlantique (Amérique du Sud/Union européenne/Etats-Unis) qui lui-même doit être placé dans le contexte plus large de la globalisation néolibérale.

The post-Cold War era has seen a restructuring of the institutions of global governance and an intensification of international relations, to which one of the most important responses has been a reinvigoration of regionalism and regionalisation. The proliferation of regionalism has led to increased relations between regional groups in different world regions, and the EU has been central to the development of this new interregional phenomenon. This thesis sets out to test the theory of interregionalism by looking at how the EU has strategically pursued interregionalism, and at how this has subsequently worked in practice. To best achieve this objective the thesis develops a more sophisticated framework of analysis; complex interregionalism. This framework allows for a detailed investigation of how the EU has simultaneously engaged in bilateral and interregional relations in Latin America. The thesis explores the tensions between interregionalism as a strategy and interregionalism in action, principally by drawing lessons from the EU's relations with Latin America, and Mercosur in particular. The most general foundation for this analysis is the study of International Political Economy (IPE), particularly the extensive literature on regional integration and the emerging literature that deals specifically with interregionalism. The thesis starts by presenting a comprehensive framework for analysis of interregional relations using the theory of interregionalism. The theory of interregionalism, ascribes a series of motivations and impacts that interregionalism. should exhibit, all of which are replicated in EU complex interregional strategy. The EU is found to have a consistent and coherent complex interregional strategy that it employs across three world regions: Asia, Africa and Latin America. The EU, notably the Commission, is pursuing an ambitious complex interregional strategy in each region that encompasses different levels of relations with different actors, but a strategy that always centers on the pursuit of pure interregionalism. Whilst the thesis details the EU's pursuit of this consistent complex interregional strategy with all three of the aforementioned world regions, it is the presence of the Andean Community, Central American Common Market and Mercosur in Latin America that marks the region out for deeper analysis. Complex interregional strategy in Latin America is applied consistently to all three regional integration vehicles, confirming the EU desire to pursue pure interregionalism, most notably with Mercosur. Analysis of EU relations with Mercosur reveals a core tension between strategy and action, notably that Commission strategy is not translated into action, as witnessed by the change towards bilateral relations with Brazil in 2007. The thesis finds that more important than the EU inability to translate strategy into action, is its inability to foster regional integration in its partners and encourage more coherent counterparts for the future pursuit of pure interregionalism.

(no abstract available) / Series: SRE - Discussion Papers

Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales) / No autorizada por el autor para ser publicada a texto completo / El presente trabajo tiene por objeto otorgar una visión cabal de la situación en que se encuentran los contratos internacionales en el Mercosur, considerando las circunstancias especiales de este proceso de integración regional, que constituye un desafío para el derecho internacional privado. En este sentido, conviene destacar las particularidades de un incipiente ordenamiento jurídico comunitario, que pretende regular de manera uniforme diversos aspectos de la convivencia entre los habitantes del espacio integrado. Examinar la regulación jurídica a la que se sujetan los contratos internacionales en el Mercosur, exige exponer en forma completa y clara, los avances y problemas que aun persisten, en especial, si consideramos que debemos llenar los vacíos normativos comunitarios con otros tratados internacionales extracomunitarios, que no han sido ratificado de igual forma ni tiempo por los Estados Partes del Mercosur e incluso tendremos que aplicar normas nacionales para lograr una conclusión en cada uno de los aspectos analizado.

Esta tese analisa o comportamento das economias dos quatro países membros do Mercosul (Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai e Uruguai) sob o funcionamento de regimes de câmbio flutuante, que substituíram os regimes de câmbio mais rígidos a partir do final da década de 1990. O objetivo consiste em verificar se, sob regimes de câmbio flutuante, há sinais de convergência macroeconômica entre os países do Bloco, por meio da aplicação de um modelo VAR (vetores auto-regressivos) e de testes empíricos complementares. A simulação de choques com o uso de vetores auto-regressivos visou comparar o funcionamento e os efeitos das políticas monetária e cambial dos países por meio das elasticidades entre as variáveis, obtidas nas funções de resposta a impulso, e da participação de cada variável no sistema, analisada pela decomposição da variância dos erros de previsão. Complementarmente, foram executados testes de exogeneidade, com o intuito de se efetuar uma análise comparativa, e de estabilidade, para avaliar a ocorrência de eventuais choques simétricos na região. Os resultados da estimativa e dos testes permitiram demonstrar que não há qualquer indício de convergência macroeconômica entre os países do Mercosul, pois além da elasticidade distinta entre as variáveis estimadas para cada um dos países e das diferenças na classificação da exogeneidade das variáveis, os diferentes períodos de instabilidade indicam assimetria de choques entre os países da região. / This thesis examines the behavior of the economies of the four member countries of Mercosur (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay) from the operation of floating exchange regimes, which replaced the strictest regimes since the end of the 90s. The goal is to determine if, under floating exchange rate, there are signs of macroeconomic convergence among countries of the bloc, through the application of a VAR (Vector Autoregression) model and complementary empirical tests. The simulation of shock with the use of vector autoregression model intended compare the operation and the effects of monetary and exchange rate policies of the countries through elasticities between variables, which has been obtained in the impulse response functions, and of the participation of each variable in the system, verified by the decomposition of the forecasting errors from the variance. In addition, exogeneity tests were performed, in order to make a comparative analysis, and stability, to evaluate the occurrence of symmetric shocks in the region. The results of estimation and testing enabled to demonstrate that there is no evidence of macroeconomic convergence among the Mercosur countries, because beyond the distinguished elasticity between variables estimated for each of the countries and the differences in classification of variables exogeneity, different periods of instability indicate asymmetry of shocks among countries of the region.

A jurisdição internacional expande-se com a criação, a partir da segunda metade do século XX, de um grande número de entes jurisdicionais internacionais. Tais entes são usualmente criados com especialização em determinado segmento do direito internacional, o que de certa forma fragmenta a unidade do direito internacional. Paralelamente, o incremento na freqüência de casos processados perante os diversos tribunais internacionais multiplica a ocorrência de hipóteses em que a atuação de uma das cortes interfere na atuação das demais. Ainda não se criaram regras capazes de minimizar esta sobreposição de atuações. No campo mais restrito das jurisdições afetas ao comércio internacional, o problema de certa forma se repete. Atuam nesta área, sobretudo, o sistema de solução de controvérsias da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC), os diversos sistemas de solução de controvérsias dos diversos acordos regionais de integração (como é o caso do MERCOSUL), além dos próprios judiciários nacionais. Há vários episódios em que decisões judiciais nacionais geraram repercussões em litígios regionais e em litígios perante o sistema de solução de controvérsias da OMC. O mesmo ocorre na via inversa, ou seja, também há casos em que as decisões proferidas na OMC e nos sistemas regionais interferem na esfera nacional. De qualquer sorte, em função da capacidade da OMC fixar os principais parâmetros que hoje pautam o comércio internacional, o relacionamento entre os três diferentes níveis jurisdicionais OMC, regional e nacional acaba apresentando-se, concretamente, mais hierarquizado quando comparado aos demais segmentos da jurisdição internacional. Os litígios acerca do regime brasileiro de importação de pneus usados e reformados são representativos dos dilemas hoje existentes no relacionamento entre os diversos níveis de jurisdição e o desfecho dos casos, até o presente momento, aponta uma certa tentativa de adequação, por parte do judiciário brasileiro, de suas decisões aos entendimentos e recomendações advindos das esferas internacionais. / The international jurisdiction expands with the creation, from the second half of the twentieth century, of a large number of international judicial entities. Such entities are usually designed with specialization in a particular segment of international law, that somehow breaks the its unity. In parallel, the increase in the frequency of cases prosecuted before the various tribunals multiplies the occurrence in which the performance of one of the courts interferes in the actions of others. There are not yet rules to minimize this overlap. In the more restricted field of jurisdictions concerned with international trade, the problem repeats itself somehow. The adjudication in this area is especially offered by the WTO dispute settlement system, the correlates regional systems of dispute settlement (such as MERCOSUR), and the national judiciaries. There are several episodes in which national judgments echoed in regional disputes and in disputes before the dispute settlement system of WTO. The same occurs in the reverse path, ie, there are also cases in which decisions taken in the WTO and in regional systems interfered in the national sphere. Anyhow, in the capacity of the WTO to set the main parameters that guided international trade today, the relationship between the three different jurisdictional levels - WTO, regional and national - just show up more hierarchical when compared to other segments of international jurisdiction. Disputes about the Brazilian import regime for used and retreaded tires are representative of the dilemmas that exist today in the relationship between different levels of jurisdiction and the outcome of cases to date, indicates a certain attempt of adaptation, by the Brazilian judiciary, of its decisions to the understandings and recommendations of international spheres.