The well-known neurological disturbances associated with caudal displacement of the cerebellar tonsils through the fora men magnum (Chiari malformation) have lead to many radiological studies of the region. With MRI, routine sagittal and parasagittal views of the craniovertebral junction have shown that the position of the cerebellar tonsils is variable, and in many otherwise healthy individuals, the inferior tonsillar margins lie within the fora men magnum itself. In some cases, this topography is associated with little signal from the surrounding cerebra-spinal fluid (CSF), indicating reduction of the cerebellomedullary cistern and, therefore, crowding of neural structures within the confines of the fora men. The objective of this study has been to examine the spatial relationship between the contents of the foramen magnum ie. the medulla and cerebellar tonsils, using a normal sample comprising 120 volunteers. Instead of the conventional measurements of distance, a ratio, the Foramen Magnum Index (FMI), has been determined, derived from the relative surface areas (pixels) of neural parenchyma and CSF, over axially and sagittaly-defined boundaries of the fora men. The FMI, with a 95th centile of 0.77, exhibits appropriate statistical correlation with tonsillar position below the level of the foramen, and is therefore considered specific. As a quantitative means of assessing the cerebellomedullary cistern, the FMI also identifies certain subjects whose tonsils are at the foramen, in whom the cistern is small with resultant neural crowding.

Submitted by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-01-16T13:17:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeAP_DISSERT.pdf: 922294 bytes, checksum: 609e90f24f70bbac4be82828feb1a894 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-02-03T13:16:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeAP_DISSERT.pdf: 922294 bytes, checksum: 609e90f24f70bbac4be82828feb1a894 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-02-03T13:19:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeAP_DISSERT.pdf: 922294 bytes, checksum: 609e90f24f70bbac4be82828feb1a894 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-21T14:47:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeAP_DISSERT.pdf: 922294 bytes, checksum: 609e90f24f70bbac4be82828feb1a894 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The fruit quality characteristics are altered by the cultivar, maturity stage, environmental conditions and crop management. In general, the availability of nutrients for the plants affect the growth, yield and fruit quality. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the quality of watermelon with seeds 'Magnum' and seedless 'Style' at different stages of development grown under different phosphorus levels. The experiment was established in the municipality of Mossoró-RN, in experimental design of randomized blocks, with 24 treatments, two phosphorus levels (30 and 130 kg / ha), applied to the foundation, at a dose of 0 kg P/ha, without development of plants and/or fruits; with two watermelon cultivars (Magnum and Style) and six stages of development, conferred after anthesis (AA). For this, the female flowers were marked with different colored ribbons, starting the fruit harvest in the effective training, 12 days after anthesis (DAA), and interval of six days to 42 DAA. The following quality characteristics were evaluated in the fruit flesh firmness (PF), flesh color (L, a * and b *), glucose, fructose, sucrose, soluble solids (SS), starch, titratable acidity (TA), relationship SS/TA, ascorbic acid (AA) and lycopene. The treatments were subjected to analysis of variance; qualitative variables were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability, and the quantitative regression. In cultivation at 30 kg/ha P2O5, watermelon FP was higher. The cv. 'Magnum' showed higher fresh weight during development. The coloration a * and b * increased and the lightness (L *) of the pulp decreased with the development of fruit. The 'Magnum' watermelon accumulated higher SS; and 30 DAA SS content (11%) was higher than the watermelon 'Style' (9.8%). Fructose increased to 30 DAA to cv. 'Style' and 24 DAA for cv. 'Magnum'. Glucose increased to 24.77 DAA for both cultivars, but the sucrose content of the watermelon 'Magnum' was higher at 42 DAA. The starch content increased to 36 DAA, but watermelon 'Style' and remained higher content, the dose of P did not alter this attribute, but in watermelon "Magnum" the cultivation higher dose of P increased starch content. The SS / TA ratio of fruit was higher for watermelon 'Magnum' 42 DAA. Cultivation with the dose of 30 kg increased the SS/TA ratio of fruit in commercial maturity. AT fruit decreased from 21,15 DAA and the growing dose of 130 kg/ha P2O5 provided greater AT fruits. The highest lycopene accumulation occurred in the fruit until 38.65 DAA and was higher in watermelon 'Style'. Ascorbic acid increased by 30 DAA in watermelon 'Magnum' cultivated with 30 and 130 kg P2O5 and in watermelon 'Style' varied independently P doses. In both cultivars, there is a decline in ascorbic acid content from 36 DAA / As características de qualidade dos frutos são alteradas pela cultivar, estádio de maturação, condições ambientais e manejo da cultura. Em geral, a disponibilidade de nutrientes para as plantas afetam o seu crescimento, produtividade, qualidade dos frutos. Desta forma este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade de melancia com semente ‘Magnum’ e sem semente ‘Style’ em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento cultivada sob diferentes doses de fósforo. O experimento foi implantado no município de Mossoró-RN, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com 24 tratamentos, sendo duas doses de fósforo (30 e 130 kg/ha), aplicados em fundação, na dose de 0 kg de P/ha, não havendo desenvolvimento das plantas e/ou frutos, com duas cultivares de melancia (Magnum e Style) e seis estádios de desenvolvimento, conferidos após a antese (AA). Para isto, as flores femininas foram marcadas com fitas coloridas diferenciadas, iniciando-se a colheita do fruto na formação efetiva, 12 dias após a antese (DAA) e em intervalo de cada seis dias até 42 DAA. As seguintes características de qualidade foram avaliadas nos frutos: firmeza de polpa (FP), cor da polpa (L, a* e b*), glicose, frutose, sacarose, sólidos solúveis (SS), amido, acidez titulável (AT), relação SS/AT, ácido ascórbico (AA) e licopeno. Os tratamentos foram submetidos à análise de variância; as variáveis qualitativas foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade e as quantitativas, por regressão. No cultivo em dose de 30 kg/ha de P2O5, foi maior a FP da melancia. A cv. ‘Magnum’ apresentou maior massa fresca durante o desenvolvimento. As colorações a* e b* aumentaram e a luminosidade (L*) da polpa diminuiu com o desenvolvimento do fruto. A melancia ‘Magnum’ acumulou maior SS; e aos 30 DAA o conteúdo de SS (11%) foi superior à melancia ‘Style’ (9,8%). A frutose aumentou até 30 DAA para cv. ‘Style’ e 24 DAA para cv. ‘Magnum’. A glicose aumentou até 24,77 DAA para ambas as cultivares, mas o teor de sacarose da melancia ‘Magnum’ foi maior aos 42 DAA. O conteúdo de amido aumentou até 36 DAA, mas a melancia ‘Style’ manteve maior teor e a dose de P não alterou esse atributo, mas na melancia ‘Magnum’ o cultivo em maior dose de P aumentou o teor de amido. A relação SS/AT dos frutos foi maior para a melancia ‘Magnum’ aos 42 DAA. O cultivo com a dose de 30 kg aumentou a relação SS/AT dos frutos na maturidade comercial. A AT dos frutos diminuiu a partir de 21,15 DAA e a dose de cultivo de 130 kg/ha de P2O5 propiciou maior AT nos frutos. O maior acumulo de licopeno ocorreu nos frutos até 38,65 DAA e foi maior na melancia ‘Style’. O ácido ascórbico aumentou até 30 DAA na melancia ‘Magnum’ cultivada com 30 e 130 kg de P2O5 e na melancia ‘Style’ variou independentemente da dose de P. Em ambas as cultivares, há declínio no teor de ácido ascórbico a partir de 36 DAA / 2017-01-16

Introduction Achondroplasia is associated with foramen magnum stenosis (FMS) which can lead to sudden unexpected death in infants. There is no wide consensus regarding the best management of FMS. Aim The study aimed to describe the prevalence of FMS in a population of children with achondroplasia and to evaluate screening and neurosurgical interventions of FMS in regard to its effects and complications. Material and Methods This is a retrospective cohort study including all children with achondroplasia assessed or treated at Karolinska University Hospital between September 2005 to June 2020. Severity of FMS was graded using MRI Achondroplasia Foramen Magnum Score (AFMS). AFMS was correlated to neurological exams and polysomnography results. Results 51 children were included and severe FMS (AFMS3-4) was present in 35%. Sixty-five percent of the children underwent foramen magnum decompression (FMD). Neurological examination had a high specificity (94%), but a low sensitivity (28%) for severe FMS. Signs of central apnea on polysomnography did not correlate to severity of FMS (p=0.735). Surgery improved FMS (p<0.001) and decreased central apnea (p=0.070), but carried a risk of 9% for severe complications. Conclusions This study suggests that severe FMS is common in children with achondroplasia, that neurological symptoms may be absent even in severe FMS, and that FMD improves both FMS and central apnea. In order to limit morbidity and mortality by identifying children with severe FMS in need of FMD, we recommend routine MRI on all children with achondroplasia.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T14:46:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2333831 bytes, checksum: 56729f3d1db9477d1072c626b9c92d09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The research aims to study into photojournalism essays that form part of the project "Magnum in Motion produced by the photo agency Magnum, available on the internet and accessible to participator. The study's central purpose is to examine the use of communication and artistic framing assigned to the limits of images in the essays Theater of War (2011) by Moises Saman and Entre ciel et terre (2011) by Cristina Rodero. One of the objectives will be to seek to identify the principal characteristics of the framework identified in the essays: the first essay depicts the last days of former dictator Muammar Gaddafi in the midst of a civil war known as the Libyan Revolution, the second deals with the dualities of different peoples cultural traditions and paganism rituals. The frames of the images delimit information whilst at the same time expressing esthetic feelings, always from the photographers point of view, constituting an audio-visual language of its own, with their own repertoire, combination rules and use. Our theoretical framework for the study of framing uses the authors Aumont (2004, 2006), Martin (2005), Nöth (2006) and Deleuze (1983). Our methodological procedure will be to take into account the dynamic of each essay, maintaining initially a spontaneous contact with the material then moving to define reading strategies such as to identify types of framing, examine forms of image cropping and other significant journalistic and artistic functions. / A pesquisa compreende o estudo de ensaios fotojornalísticos que integram projeto Magnum in Motion, produzido pela agência fotográfica Magnum, disponíveis na internet e acessados por um sujeito participador. O propósito central é examinar o uso comunicacional e artístico de molduras atribuídos aos limites das imagens, nos ensaios Theater of War (2011), de Moises Saman e Entre ciel et terre (2009), de Cristina Rodero. Dentre os objetivos buscamos identificar as principais características de enquadramentos/molduras encontradas nos ensaios: o primeiro, retrata os últimos dias do ditador Gaddafi na Líbia em meio a uma guerra civil chamada de Revolução Líbia; o segundo, aborda as dualidades das tradições religiosas de diferentes povos e rituais pagãos. Os enquadramentos de imagens jornalísticas delimitam informações e ao mesmo tempo expressam aspectos estéticos, de acordo com o ponto de vista do fotógrafo, constituindo uma linguagem audiovisual própria, com seus repertórios e suas regras de combinação e de uso. O nosso aporte teórico para o estudo de enquadramentos/molduras utiliza os autores Aumont (2004, 2006), Martin (2005), Nöth (2006) e Deleuze (1983). Como procedimento metodológico, levamos em conta a dinâmica de cada ensaio fotojornalístico, mantendo um primeiro contato espontâneo com o material para em seguida definir estratégias de leitura, tais como: identificar tipos de molduras, examinar suas formas de recorte de imagens e funções de significação jornalística e estética.

Biometrische und funktionsanalytische Röntgenuntersuchungen des Kopf-Hals-Überganges von in dieser Region nicht erkrankten Hunden der Rasse Deutscher Schäferhund sowie verschiedener Zwergrassen werden verglichen. Für die Morphologischen Untersuchungen werden standardisiert gelagerte Röntgenaufnahmen von 129 anästhesierten Hunden angefertigt und die Parameter Atlaslänge, Axislänge (ohne Dens), Denslänge, Länge von C3 sowie Breite und Höhe des Foramen magnum vermessen. Die zur Länge von C3 ins Verhältnis gesetzten Längenparameter ergeben für Deutsche Schäferhunde eine signifikant größere relative Länge des dorsalen Atlasbogen (0,72 ± 0,07) als für Yorkshire Terrier (0,64 ± 0,08) und eine größere relative Länge des Dens axis beim Deutschen Schäferhund (0,40 ± 0,04) als bei Yorkshire Terriern (0,33 ± 0,05) und Zwergrassen allgemein (0,34 ± 0,06). Die relative Länge des Axiskörpers differierte dagegen unwesentlich. Der radiologisch ermittelte Foramen-magnum-Index ist bei den untersuchten Zwergrassen (0,57 ± 0,11) deutlich geringer als er bei kleinen Rassen mit dorsaler Kerbe des Foramen magnum (Mazerationspräparate) in der Literatur beschrieben wird. Für die Funktionsanalyse wird ein in der Humanmedizin etabliertes Verfahren nach ARLEN (1979) auf den Kopf-Hals-Übergang des Hundes angewandt und die Differenz der Intervertebralwinkel zwischen maximaler Beugung und Streckung im Bereich des Kopf-Hals-Überganges gemessen. Für Deutsche Schäferhunde wird eine signifikant höhere Beweglichkeit im Atlantookzipitalgelenk (89,26° ± 9,12°) als bei Zwergrassen (77,43° ± 11,91°) gemessen. Die Beweglichkeit im Bereich des Atlantoaxialgelenkes ist bei Zwergrassen (26,37° ± 6,32°) signifikant größer als bei Deutschen Schäferhunden (20,69° ± 5,29°). Bei der Beurteilung der funktionsanalytischen Parameter in Zusammenhang mit den morphologischen Parametern ergibt sich für die Rasse Yorkshire Terrier ein geringerer Bewegungsausschlag im Atlantookzipitalgelenk bei kurzem Dens (72,91° ± 11,82°) im Vergleich zum langen Dens (83,78° ± 10,34°). Eine positive Korrelation zwischen Denslänge und Bewegungsausschlag im Atlantookzipitalgelenk (r = 0,25) und eine negative Korrelation zwischen Atlaslänge und Bewegungsausschlag im Atlantoaxialgelenk (r = - 0,19) werden statistisch gesichert. Die Arbeit ist Grundlagenforschung, deren Ergebnisse verglichen mit Messwerten von im Kopf-Hals-Übergang funktionell erkrankten Hunden zu Aussagen mit klinischer Relevanz führen kann.

Diss. Linköping : Univ.

Orientador: Paulo Henrique Ferreira Caria / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T11:52:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Manoel_Cristiano_M.pdf: 2133778 bytes, checksum: 24f1ce494393f39e56ad26c09d34e4bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Metodos Craniometricos, tem sido regularmente aplicado na determinacao do genero em diversas regioes mundiais. Avaliar morfometricamnte o indice de confiabilidade de tre metodologias distintas para determinacao do genero na populacao brasileira. Foram avaliados 215 cranios humanos brasileiros com genero, idade e etnia identificados, pertencentes a Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo. Foram utilizadas as metodologias, do cranio, area do triangulo mastoideo e do forame magno, de acordo com os criterios, estabelecidos por Yscan & Steyn (1999), Kemkes & Gobel (2006) e Gunay & Altinkok (2000). Os valores obtidos foram submetidos a analise estatistica, calculo do coeficiente de correlacao Intra-classe, test t student, com nivel de significancia de 5%, regressao logistica multipla, odss Ratio, Mann-Whitney e ANOVA multivariada. A analise por meio do metodo craniometrico revelou que o genero influenciou (p<0,05) em todas as mensuracoes. Nao houve diferenca significante da posicao do processo mastoide entre os grupos etnicos e os generos (p>0,05), porem houve prevalencia do genero masculino sobre o feminino nas mensuracoes Po-Ms e As - Po (p<0,05). A analise estatistica (ANOVA e Tukey test) revelou que o genero influenciou na largura do forame magno, sendo os masculinos (30,3±0,20) maiores que os femininos (29,4±0,23), mas nao o comprimento (p<0,05). As tres diferentes metodologias empregadas apresentaram diferencas morfometricas entre os generos para as caracteristica craniofaciais do brasileiro. Portanto, em conjunto com outras tecnicas antropologicas pode contribuir para a determinacao do genero de individuos desconhecidos. / Abstract: Craniometryc methods, has been regularly applied, for providing assistance in the gender determination in various regions in the worldwide. To evaluate morphometrically the reliability of three differents methodologies for gender determination in Brazilian population. Were evaluated 215 Brazilians human skulls with gender, age and ethnicity previously identified, belong to the Federal University of Sao Paulo. The following methodology, the skull craniometry, triangle mastoid area and foramen magnum, according to the criteria established by Yscan & Steyn (1999), Gobel & Kemkes (2006) and Gunay & Altinkok (2000). The datas were submitted to statistical analysis, Intra-class correlation coefficient, student t test, with level significance 5%, multiple logistic regression, odss Ratio, Mann-Whitney and multivariate ANOVA. The analysis by the craniometric method showed that gender influenced (p <0.05) in all measurements, more in men than women. There was no significant difference in the mastoid process position between the ethnic groups and genders (p> 0.05), but there was prevalence of male over female in the measurements and the Po-Ms - Po (p <0.05). ANOVA and Tukey test showed that gender influenced the width of the foramen magnum, and the male (30.3 ± 0.20) higher than the female (29.4 ± 0.23) but not the length (p <0.05). The three differents methods show mophometric difference between sexes for the craniofacial characteristics of the Brazilian. Therefore, together with other anthropological techniques can help to determine the gender of unknown individuals and be used in assotiation with medical expertise and odontolegais. / Mestrado / Anatomia / Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental

On October 11, 1963, artists Gerhard Richter and Konrad Lueg held the event “Leben mit Pop: Eine Demonstration für den kapitalistischen Realismus” (Living with Pop: A Demonstration for Capitalist Realism) at the Berges furniture store in Düsseldorf, Germany. Many scholars have treated this event as an image, useful only in outlining the trajectories of the later successful careers of Gerhard Richter, Konrad Lueg, and Sigmar Polke. Few have attempted to contextualize this event in its social, historical, and political settings or to consider its effects on and relationship to the audience at the event. In this thesis, I resituate “Living with Pop” in terms of its experiential effects and its socio-historical context and extend my investigation of “Living with Pop” to the contemporaneous paintings and drawings of Richter, Lueg, and Polke. I argue that their artworks, which parody and question domestic tropes of the postwar era, reveal the complexities and ambiguities underlying the notion of West Germany’ s Wirtschaftswunder, or “economic miracle.” I examine how Polke, Richter, and Lueg explored artistic and national identities, a postwar culture of consumerism, contemporary modes of communication, and theories of culture and aesthetics in the late 1950s and early 1960s. To investigate the relationships between artistic creation, artistic identity, and contemporary daily life, I use domestic design exhibitions, advertisements, the journal Magnum, and a few select texts on contemporary society and culture by Jürgen Habermas and Theodor W. Adorno as relevant sources. / text

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-05-23T18:42:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Emerson Machado Ramos_.pdf: 15129216 bytes, checksum: aff2b4984c64f236b0b3d1e903cf10c3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-23T18:42:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Emerson Machado Ramos_.pdf: 15129216 bytes, checksum: aff2b4984c64f236b0b3d1e903cf10c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-04 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A pesquisa reflete sobre a fotografia digital na contemporaneidade, problematizando a construção do fotográfico na Web, particularmente no Magnum in Motion. Os ensaios fotográficos da Agência Magnum são abordados na perspectiva das audiovisualidades, nas suas relações com a Web, que se mostram principalmente na home do site e nas múltiplas linguagens que convergem nos ensaios, tendo a fotografia como centro de uma construção audiovisual. Entendemos o fotográfico (Dubois, 2011; Soulages, 2010) como o conjunto de relações que insere a fotografia num processo audiovisual. A metodologia aplicada para análise dos empíricos é inspirada no scanning de Flusser (1985), que nos permite “vaguear” pelas imagens técnicas e decifrar alguns dos sentidos codificados e inscritos nestas superfícies, que são conceitos de mundos engendrados tecnicamente pela Magnum. Os ensaios Obamania e Bongo Fever escaneados dão a ver, nesta pesquisa, a natureza do audiovisual fotográfico: o humano visto de muito perto, a precisão na composição fotográfica e a multiplicidade de linguagens, sequências, cortes, ritmo e montagem sonora são constitutivos dos mundos Magnum e colocam o fotógrafo, o aparelho técnico e o espectador em situação de testemunha. / The research reflects on digital photography in contemporary times, discussing the construction of the photographic on the web, particularly in the Magnum in Motion. Magnum Agency’s photography essays are addressed from the audiovisual perspective and its relations with the Web, that are mainly shown on the homepage and in multiple languages that converge in the essays, considering the photography as the center of a visual construction. We understand photographic (Dubois, 2011; Soulages, 2010) as the set of relations that inserts the photography in an audiovisual process. The methodology used for the empirical analysis is inspired by the scanning, according to Flusser (1985). This method allows us to "wander" through technical images and figure out some of the coded and written directions on these surfaces, which are concepts about the worlds technically produced by Magnum. The scanned essays, Obamania and Bongo Fever, call into question, in this survey, the nature of photographic audiovisual: the human closely seen, the accuracy in photographic composition and the multiplicity of languages, sequences, cuts, rhythm and sound montage are elements of the Magnum photographic worlds and put the photographer, the technical apparatus and the viewer as witness of the situation.