During the second half of the 20th century there has been both a burgeoning intellectual interest in business and management as a topic and an exponential growth in the formal study of business and management as an academic subject. Indeed by the end of the century it was estimated that worldwide there were 8,000 business schools and more than 13 million students of business and management. In addition, it was estimated that worldwide annual expenditure on university level business and management education had reached US $15 billion (The Global Foundation for Management Education, 2008). However, despite this there is a lack of clarity regarding both the scale and the nature of the influence that academic scholarship exerts over managers. Accordingly this research study has sought to investigate the appropriation of ideas, theories, concepts and models by management practitioners. The thesis has reviewed and evaluated the two most obvious, most established and most influential potential explanations. These were diffusion of innovations (Rogers, 1962) and fashion theory (Abrahamson, 1991 & 1996; Abrahamson & Fairchild, 1999). It has been concluded that whilst both these potential explanations provided important insights, neither was able to provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation for this research study. Accordingly, a much broader range of pertinent scholarship was reviewed and evaluated. This included, but is not limited to, the scholarship that is associated with learning by adults (Dewey, 1933; Bartlett, 1967; Schank & Abelson, 1976; Mezirow, 1977). Although this additional scholarship provided a further range of potential explanations, the extent to which any of these would be found within the particular setting of management practitioners remained unclear. In addition, the literature review highlighted a number of unresolved debates regarding issues such as (i) whether management was a science or an applied science; (ii) whether it was a craft or a profession; (iii) whether in reality there were fashionable trends in management practice or whether in fact such practices were remarkably stable; and (iv) whether management theoreticians, gurus and consultants actually exerted significant influence over management practitioners. The literature review also highlighted methodological concerns relating to the use of citation analysis as a proxy for primary information regarding managerial practice. Hence, this research is situated in a gap which is delineated by the unresolved issues that are associated with both diffusion theory and fashion theory; the applicability of the broader range of scholarship to a management setting; the unresolved debates within this field of interest and the need to obtain primary information relating to management practice, rather than being dependant upon citation analysis. The research study has utilised qualitative data and inductive reasoning to examine these matters and the overarching research philosophy has been that of realism (Ritchie & Lewis, 2003). Ultimately, 39 semi-structured, recorded interviews were undertaken using the critical incident technique (Flanagan, 1954). Collectively these interviews lasted for 35 hours and obtained information relating to 160 critical incidents. The verbatim transcripts of the interviews totalled 350,000 words. A case study analysis of this data was undertaken to examine the decision making of the interviewees in relation to some of their most challenging managerial situations. This analysis concluded that for the ‘generality’ of these interviewees; theory played little, or no, overt part in their decision making. The data was also subjected to a content analysis using a bespoke compendium of 450 ‘terms’ that represented the development of theorising about management over the whole of the 20th century. This analysis concluded that the influence of the 20th century’s management theoreticians over these interviewees was weak. Finally, the possibility that any such influence might be a covert, rather than an overt; phenomenon was examined using both the insights of intertextuality (Allen, 2000; Bazerman, 2004) and the framework analysis technique (Ritchie, Spencer & O’Connor, 2003). This analysis demonstrated that the discourse, dialogue and language of these interviewees could be indexed to four domains; (i) the theoretical; (ii) the conceptual; (iii) the tactical; and (iv) the practical. The intertextual indexing outcomes were corroborated both by substantial extracts from the verbatim interview transcripts and by three unrelated strands of scholarship. These were (i) adaptive memory systems (Schacter, 2001); (ii) the realities of management (Carlson, 1954; Stewart, 1983; Mintzberg, 1989) and (iii) the role of concepts and conceptual thinking in nursing (McFarlane, 1977; Gordon, 1998; Orem, 2001). On this basis it has been concluded that management can be characterised as a conceptual discipline; that in its essential nature management is at least as conceptual as it is either theoretical or practical; and that managers appropriate concepts and ideas, rather than theories and models per se.

This study provides a contribution to the historiography of management education in England. Criticism of British management expressed in Government policy over the past sixty years has concluded that a low level of management education in the UK is affecting its ability to compete. To this end there have been a number of government interventions in management education. The focus of this research is the first phase of government intervention in management education initiated in 1945. By considering the development of management education from a historical perspective this research adopts the theoretical stance that an understanding of the past can contribute to an understanding of management education today. The report of a committee on Education for Management appointed in 1945 by the Minister of Education, the Urwick Report (1947) and the subsequent Diploma in Management Studies (DMS), the first qualification in management studies, are used as vehicles to articulate the involvement and relationships of industry and government with regard to formal management education. From this, conclusions are drawn about the professional and policy processes at play and consideration given as to how these shaped subsequent practice. The method adopted was documentary analysis of primary sources which included published and unpublished administrative papers from government archives. Data from journals, a newspaper, and the archives of employee and employer bodies were referenced to provide context and support the validity of my interpretation. I conclude that the key contribution which the Urwick Report made to management education was in establishing the principle that there was a body of knowledge associated with management. The study illuminates policy processes surrounding management education at a particular time with regard to a specific report. During this period opportunities existed that, if actioned, could have significantly changed the education of managers in England. Government, industry and education were all party to these opportunities. Events surrounding the Urwick Report, and the subsequent implementation of the DMS, offer some useful lessons from the past.

This thesis introduces a topic of current educational reform in Finland. The main goal is to describe a process of implementation of current curricula reform in Finland and evaluate a preparedness of teachers, students of teacher education and management of curricula to curricula reform. In theoretical part, we define "curriculum" and "curriculum reform", then we briefly introduce change management, reasons for successful or unsuccessful reform and specifics of finnish education system. The research part analyses the Finnish National Core Curriculum from 2004 and 2014 in detail. It also analyses interview with teachers, students of teacher education and management of reform. Based on research part of the thesis, we can say that teachers and students have been prepared in a field of knowledge, however they have not been prepared for implementing the ideas of reform into their everyday teaching. The management of reform has been prepared for implementation. Management includes teacher and other stakeholders into creating of the new curricula, the reform is communicated and finances for the reform are secured. Conclusion of the thesis summerize answers for research questions and brings recommendations for a further research.

Peu de recherches empiriques existent concernant l'éducation managériale. La littérature étudiée présente différentes recherches théoriques qui critiquent le modèle actuel des Business Schools et qui recommandent des changements, mais elle signale aussi le manque de recherches empiriques à ce sujet. Nos propres recherches confirment la rareté de telles recherches concernant notamment l'opinion des individus impliqués dans les Business Schools à propos de la pédagogie et à propos du comportement managérial de l'école elle-même. La revue de littérature révèle une absence de consensus concernant la définition du management responsable. Plus précisément, peu de données empiriques existent concernant l'action des individus qui tentent de contribuer au développement d'une stratégie responsable au sein de l'établissement. De même, il apparaît que les recherches empiriques manquent concernant les innovations pédagogiques existant dans les Business Schools pour encourager un management responsable. L'objectif de notre recherche est de comprendre les changements nécessaires et les innovations opérées dans les Business Schools pour tenir compte et intégrer les dimensions saillantes du management responsable afin d'encourager les futurs managers à se comporter de manière responsable. Cette recherche se structure autour de deux questions principales : • Pourquoi les Business Schools peuvent-elles – voire doivent-elles – contribuer à un management responsable ? • Comment les Business Schools tentent-elles et peuvent-elles contribuer à un management responsable au travers de leur comportement organisationnel propre ou de leur pédagogie ? Cette thèse est une recherche exploratoire. Afin de laisser la théorie émerger des résultats empiriques, cette thèse est inspirée de la théorie enracinée. Au total quatre études de cas européennes furent réalisées • Trois Business Schools : HEC Paris, Erasmus University-Rotterdam School of Management, Ashridge Business School, • Une école présentant un modèle alternatif : Schumacher College. 47 questionnaires furent menés sur les terrains de recherche, 112 cartes cognitives furent créées par les participants visités et 28 journaux de bord issus d'un cours enseigné en extérieur furent codés et analysés. Les apports principaux peuvent être classés en quatre catégories : • Une définition du management responsable (selon des étudiants, des membres académiques et administratifs et selon des anciens étudiants des écoles visitées), • Une synthèse des changements suggérés au sein des Business Schools par les participants pour encourager un management responsable, • Une analyse des Masters visités incluant les innovations pédagogiques mises en place pour encourager un management responsable, • Une étude des différentes stratégies créées par les individus en charge d'un développement responsable du campus. En conclusion nous préconisons différents axes de recherche qui pourraient être développés ultérieurement en vue d'affiner le travail réalisé pour cette thèse et aussi afin de vérifier certains postulats et hypothèses issus des résultats. / Empirical studies about business education are scarce. The studied literature reveals different theoretical studies criticizing Business Schools and asking for changes but it shows as well a lack of empirical research. Our own research confirms the lack of such empirical studies, especially regarding the Business Schools' participants' meaning concerning the education and the strategy. Furthermore, the literature review suggests a lack of theoretical consensus on responsible management definition. Few studies are to be found about the individuals working towards responsible management at Business Schools. Theory shows that few empirical data exist concerning the pedagogical innovations created towards responsible management. Our research aims at understanding the Business Schools' needed changes and the existing innovations created to encourage future managers to act responsibly. This research is articulated around two main research questions : • Why should business schools contribute to responsible management ? • How should business schools contribute to responsible management (at a strategic and an educational level) ? This dissertation is an exploratory research. To allow the theory to emerge from the empirical results, this research is inspired from the Grounded Theory. In total four European case studies were conducted : • Three business schools : HEC Paris, Erasmus University-Rotterdam School of Management, Ashridge Business School, • A different model of education : Schumacher College. 47 interviews were conducted, the participants created 112 mind maps and 28 field journals issued from a course taught outdoors were coded and analysed. The main contributions can be classified into four categories : • A definition of responsible management (according to students, faculty members, staff and alumni's answers), • A summary of the changes suggested at business school to encourage responsible management, • An analysis of 4 innovative Masters visited including its pedagogical innovations towards responsible management, • A study of the different strategies created by individuals in charge of developing the campus in a responsible way. The conclusion brings some recommendations for further research to deepen the research and as well to answer several hypotheses issued from our results.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Folklore and Ethnomusicology, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 160-168).

A Educação Física entrou para o currículo escolar brasileiro há menos de um século, com o objetivo de manter a ordem dentro das escolas, fortalecer e cuidar da saúde dos jovens brasileiros, sendo vista ainda hoje pelo senso comum como veículo disciplinador dos indivíduos e de obtenção da qualidade de vida, utilizando prioritariamente o esporte, com suas regras e técnicas rígidas, para alcançar estes objetivos. No sentido de apontar uma outra perspectiva de Educação Física Escolar, voltada para uma intervenção positiva no processo de transição do indivíduo passivo (disciplinado) para o cidadão ativo (crítico), o presente trabalho irá investigar práticas pedagógicas que visem o desenvolvimento da criatividade, da autonomia e da participação, fatores preponderantes no processo de construção de uma gestão educacional democrática, na medida em que acredito que esta forma de gestão seja fundamental para a transformação da educação inicialmente, mas sem perder o foco da conquista da igualdade e democracia em nossa sociedade. / The Physical Education entered the Brazilian school curriculum less than a century, aiming to maintain the "order" within the schools, and strengthen the health care of young Brazilian. Nowadays is still seen by common sense, as a vehicle disciplining of individuals and obtaining the "quality of life", using primarily the sport, with its rigid rules and techniques for achieving these goals. In order to sharpen another perspective of School Physical Education, focused on a positive intervention in the process of transition from individual liability (disciplined) for the active citizen (critical), this work will investigate teaching practices aimed at the development of creativity, autonomy and participation, factors predominate in the process of building a democratic management education, insofar as I believe that this form of management is key to the transformation of education initially, but without losing the focus of the conquest of equality and democracy in our society.

157 f. / Submitted by Maria Auxiliadora Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2013-08-20T18:18:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SUELLEN CHAVES.pdf: 1062335 bytes, checksum: 1ad75ed46593deb46a4cbed45c517c6a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora Lopes(silopes@ufba.br) on 2013-08-20T18:21:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SUELLEN CHAVES.pdf: 1062335 bytes, checksum: 1ad75ed46593deb46a4cbed45c517c6a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-20T18:21:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SUELLEN CHAVES.pdf: 1062335 bytes, checksum: 1ad75ed46593deb46a4cbed45c517c6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar como os membros do conselho escolar de uma escola municipal de Salvador compreendem o processo de participação na implementação do ensino fundamental de nove anos. Nesse sentido, a investigação configura-se enquanto um estudo de caso e busca responder a seguinte questão: como os membros do conselho escolar interpretam a participação que tiveram no contexto de implementação do Ensino Fundamental de nove anos em uma escola municipal de Salvador-Bahia? Tomando como referencial uma abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, que possibilita a compreensão e interpretação de uma realidade social para além de objetividades e concretudes, a pesquisa documental envolveu, num primeiro momento, a identificação e análise de documentos produzidos pelos órgãos competentes, enquanto que a análise da literatura específica foi utilizada para a construção do referencial teórico do trabalho. O estudo de caso foi desenvolvido em uma escola municipal de Salvador, no bairro de Itapuã, e os sujeitos de pesquisa foram aqueles que integram o conselho escolar, a saber: diretora, coordenadora pedagógica, professora, funcionária escolar e representante da comunidade local. A realização de entrevistas e o uso do questionário semiestruturado com os sujeitos da pesquisa revelaram que a compreensão acerca da participação parece ser difusa e que tal conceito tem sido mal compreendido em sua complexidade e, muitas vezes, banalizado nas práticas de gestão escolar. Por isso, a discussão das potencialidades e percalços da participação da população na gestão da escola envolve elucidar questões internas e externas que influenciam a realização de tal prática, que perpassa por aspectos de ordem institucional, ideológica e cultural. / Salvador

Background. Management is an essential factor in any organization let alone its kind and size. Project management is the art and science of planning and implementing a project to achieve the desired outcome. Project Management (PM) plays a crucial role in businesses which are bound to function in a team-based environment regardless of the type of business. Although a variety of project management practices are employed in different kinds of industries, it is well understood that the style and level of employment of these project management practices have a significant impact on the project success. The software engineering industry has its own project management practices and the employment of these practices depends on the project manager who thus plays a key role in project management. Project manager has been a ubiquitous feature of traditional software projects. Project managers are a merger of personal characteristics and areas of competency that act together to integrate the various components of a project. In this study, the author discusses about the concept of software engineering management, various characteristics and key competencies of a project manager and also the factors influencing the overall success of a project. The authors also discuss about the current state and importance of PM education and its influence in the real time industry. Objectives. This research study is to analyze and make conclusions about the ideal features of a project manager and therefore attempt to understand its association with critical factors of PM for a project’s success in terms of delivering the product as scheduled and also understand various non-PM factors that are critical for project success. The study also attempts to show the significance of studying PM specifically in the context of Software Engineering as different from other contexts and the importance of PM education in academics and teaching PM in the industry. Methods. To achieve the objectives of this research, we attempt to study project management in the context of Software Engineering by conducting a literature review followed with a descriptive Survey as our research methods for this study to show how far literature complies to the present-day views and overall form a common opinion on this subject by comparing both the findings. Results. The results yielded by conducting a literature review conclude that Project Management or Software Engineering Management plays a vital role in software projects. Various factors that contribute towards successful project management were identified. Also, relevant literature was reviewed to identify the characteristics and competencies of an effective project manager and the status of project management education in academics and in the software engineering industry. The results obtained from the literature review were used in designing a survey and were further used to compare with and validate the results of this survey. A thorough analysis of these results yielded in capturing the current status and views with a snapshot of the situation in the present Software Engineering industry. A clear view on the subject area and results from a sample population of 73 software engineering professionals consisting of up to 41 experienced managers were analyzed, commented and documented. Conclusions. Various conclusions were drawn including discussions on the compliances and contradictions between present literature and software professionals in the present industry have been made. It was found that the majority of software professionals believe that project management in software engineering is unique from project management in other disciplines. It was found that professionals believe project management to be highly to very highly crucial for the overall success of software projects and that the most important key factors for successful project management were team motivation, communication and risk management. It was found that ‘Ability to foresee a problem’, ‘Decision making’ and ‘Inspires a shared vision’ were among the top three characteristics and ‘Team management’, ‘Leadership’ and ‘Ability to work under pressure’ were among the top three competencies of an effective project manager. It was found that managers feel the need to be taught about project management standards and that the ‘PMBoK’ and ‘ISO 9001’ were the most popular standards implemented. It was found that there are very contrasting views among companies on training project managers before promoting them to managerial positions whereas managers expect to be trained. Keywords: Software Engineering Management, Software Project Management, Project Manager, Project Success, Project Management Education, Software Engineering.

A Educação Física entrou para o currículo escolar brasileiro há menos de um século, com o objetivo de manter a ordem dentro das escolas, fortalecer e cuidar da saúde dos jovens brasileiros, sendo vista ainda hoje pelo senso comum como veículo disciplinador dos indivíduos e de obtenção da qualidade de vida, utilizando prioritariamente o esporte, com suas regras e técnicas rígidas, para alcançar estes objetivos. No sentido de apontar uma outra perspectiva de Educação Física Escolar, voltada para uma intervenção positiva no processo de transição do indivíduo passivo (disciplinado) para o cidadão ativo (crítico), o presente trabalho irá investigar práticas pedagógicas que visem o desenvolvimento da criatividade, da autonomia e da participação, fatores preponderantes no processo de construção de uma gestão educacional democrática, na medida em que acredito que esta forma de gestão seja fundamental para a transformação da educação inicialmente, mas sem perder o foco da conquista da igualdade e democracia em nossa sociedade. / The Physical Education entered the Brazilian school curriculum less than a century, aiming to maintain the "order" within the schools, and strengthen the health care of young Brazilian. Nowadays is still seen by common sense, as a vehicle disciplining of individuals and obtaining the "quality of life", using primarily the sport, with its rigid rules and techniques for achieving these goals. In order to sharpen another perspective of School Physical Education, focused on a positive intervention in the process of transition from individual liability (disciplined) for the active citizen (critical), this work will investigate teaching practices aimed at the development of creativity, autonomy and participation, factors predominate in the process of building a democratic management education, insofar as I believe that this form of management is key to the transformation of education initially, but without losing the focus of the conquest of equality and democracy in our society.

abstract: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic diseases in youth and it has been shown that adolescents have the worst glycemic control of any age group. The objective of this study was to develop, test and evaluate the feasibility of an online intervention (Can-Do-Tude) that uses the principles of motivational interviewing (MI) to deliver tailored diabetes self-management education to adolescents with T1D. Bandura’s efficacy belief system was used to guide the design of this study. The study used a multi-phase, multi-method approach. The first phase (alpha) of this study was a qualitative descriptive design to examine the intervention’s fidelity. Evaluation of performance was conducted by experts in the fields of MI, T1D, adolescence and/or online education. The second phase (beta) was a quantitative descriptive design conducted in order to evaluate feasibility by examining the acceptability (recruitment, retention and satisfaction) and implementation (diabetes self-management self-efficacy) to determine whether the intervention was appropriate for further testing. First phase findings showed that the intervention passed all measures with the content experts (n = 6): it was functional, accurate, usable and secure. Improvements to the intervention were made based on reviewer recommendations. For the second phase 5 adolescents between 14 and 17 were enrolled. Three adolescents completed all 4 weeks of the intervention while 2 completed only 3 weeks. Participants (n = 3) rated satisfaction on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from “not at all” satisfied (1) to “very much” satisfied (5). There was a positive response to the intervention (M = 4.28, SD = 0.55). Implementation was measured by a pre- and post-test for diabetes self-management self-efficacy. Participants (n = 3) demonstrated overall improvements in diabetes self-management self-efficacy (Z = -2.952, p = .007). Implications for further Can-Do-Tude research are planned at a metropolitan diabetes center using updated technology including an application platform. Although the sample was small, findings indicate that the intervention can be conducted using a web-based format and there is initial evidence of improvement in self-efficacy for diabetes self-management. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Nursing and Healthcare Innovation 2017