Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral avaliar os estilos de gestão encontrados em pequenas empresas, identificando quais de seus componentes possuem efeito na postura inovativa destas empresas. A argumentação é que as pequenas empresas, motivadas pela necessidade de sobrevivência num ambiente competitivo e dinâmico, necessitam ser inovadoras. São também objetivos desta pesquisa: a revisão da literatura sobre as pequenas empresas, a compreensão das particularidades de gestão delas, bem como a conceituação de inovação. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e um estudo multicasos, de caráter exploratório, em três empresas da cidade de São Carlos, localizada no estado de São Paulo. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevistas estruturadas, em que se aplicou um questionário pré-estabelecido e também foi utilizado um roteiro previamente definido. Além disso, os dados foram complementados com pesquisas em documentos das respectivas empresas, em revistas, livros, jornais e também no SEBRAE e na Prefeitura Municipal de São Carlos. A interpretação dos dados foi de caráter qualitativo. Ao final, a pesquisa demonstrou que os gestores têm dificuldades para a elaboração de estratégias para a inovação, principalmente por não se distanciarem dos problemas operacionais do dia-a-dia. As alterações nos produtos e processos, quando ocorrem, estão sempre direcionadas para a adequação de custos. O desenvolvimento de novos processos é confiado à habilidade dos funcionários, sem um processo sistemático para que isso ocorra. Há um receio na quebra dos padrões de mercado, agravado pela grande preocupação com o nível de qualidade exigido pelos clientes / This research has as general aim to evaluate the management styles found in small companies, identifying which one of its components get an effect in the innovative posture of these companies. The argumentation is that the small companies, motivated by the necessity of survival in a competitive and dynamic environment, need to be innovative. This study also has as objectives: the reviewing of literature about small companies, the comprehension of the particularities of management in small companies and the conceptualization of innovation. To reach the objective it was carried out a bibliographic study of multicases, of exploratory in three companies from São Carlos town, located in the state of São Paulo. The data were collected through structured interviews. It was applied a pre-prepared questionnaire and it was used a schedule previously defined. Besides this, the data were collected through research in documents of the respective companies, as well as in magazines, books, newspapers and also at SEBRAE and the Municipal Hall of São Carlos. The interpretation of the data was of qualitative nature. At the final, the research demonstrated that the managers have difficulties to the elaboration of strategies for innovation, especially because they can’t get the distance of the daily operational problems. The changes in the products and processes, when they occur, are always directed to the adjustment of costs. The development of new processes is relied to the skills of the workers, without a systematic process to occur. There is a break of market standards, worsen by the great concern with the level of quality wanted by the clients

The study focused on the relationship between management styles and job satisfaction of employees in the organization. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between management style, using Theory X and Y management style and job satisfaction as moderated by employees’ self-efficacy and gender. The study involved N = 137 participants from two different Swedish organizations in the engineering and manufacturing sector based in Stockholm and Växjö, Sweden. The data was collected through surveys from each participant. Study findings showed that there was a positive correlation between self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Additionally, results revealed that the relationship between theory X and Y and job satisfaction is not moderated by either self-efficacy and gender. Based on the study, it was observed that job satisfaction is greatly impacted by management styles which are oriented more towards theory Y than theory X in the relationship between management and employees in organizations in Sweden. Thus, the study highlights the importance of employee-oriented leadership style for the organizations and how this influences job satisfaction of employees.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T19:13:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 23 / Nenhuma / Esta pesquisa procurou identificar o efeito dos estilos de gestão das organizações sobre seu resultado econômico, especificamente no que concerne ao grau de participação dos gestores no processo decisório. O estudo utilizou como estrutura básica de investigação o modelo de avaliação dos estilos de administração de Rensis Likert (1975;1979). Para atingir os objetivos propostos, efetuou-se uma survey com a aplicação de um questionário enviado por e-mail, com um conjunto de questões fechadas e pontuadas de acordo com a escala Likert. Este foi respondido por 111 controllers de empresas constantes da revista Valor 1.000 no período compreendido entre os anos de 2000 a 2004. Para apreciação dos dados, utilizou-se a análise fatorial, de componentes principais, com rotação ortogonal e critério Varimax, realizada no conjunto de questões concernentes às características organizacionais, revelando-se cinco fatores. Estes foram classificados da seguinte maneira: liderança, motivação, comunicação e cooperação, decisão, meta / The aim of this thesis is to identify the effect of management styles on their economic results, focusing on the participation level of the managers on the decision making process. The study was based on Rensis Likert (1975;1979) management style evaluation method. The first step of the research was a questionnaire sent by email with a set of closed ranked questions using the Likert scale. 111 controllers of the firm posted at the Valor 1.000 publication from 2000 to 2004 returned the questionnaire. The data analysis used a number of complementary methods. First, Principal Component Analysis was used to group que organizational characteristics questions. Five factors were estimated, classified as leadership, motivation, communication and cooperation, decision-making, goals and directives. Second, cluster analysis was used to classify the firms according to their management styles. Among the surveyed firms, 45,95% were classified as “direct participation”, with occasional punishments; 29,73%, had a “consultati

<p>Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 1990</p>

Abstract It is difficult to exam whether the employees¡¦ perceiption of political behavior in an organization has negative influence on their extra-role behavior. However, facing such difficulties, many researches in management field are still interested in investigating organiztional political behavior. Previous studies found that when employees perceive organizational political behavior, their trust towards orgnizations would decreased and their organizational citizen behavior (OCB) would be lessen. Even though at certain degree, OCB is not significantly related to the formal work assignments and performance evaluation, OCB is not only essential to contexual performance, but also influential to self efficacy and work efficiency. This study aims to explore the difference of employees¡¦ perception of organizational political and OCB in different organization types of international business and local companies in Taiwan. It is also to investigate whether the management styles in international business and in Taiwanese companies would have different impact on employees¡¦ perception of political behavior, and cause different OCB. The research results indicate that first of all, in both international and local Taiwanese companies, management styles have influence on OCB, while the democratic leadership is more effective than the paternalistic leadership. It is also found that political behavior in organizations has impact on OCB, while the organizations without political behaviors have better performance. Secondly, in the international companies, the management styles have significant interaction effect on political behaviors in organizations and OCB; under the democratic leadership, there is less political behaviors and therefore has more effective OCB. Lastly, in the local companies, the management styles have significant interaction effect on political behaviors in organizations and OCB; under the democratic leadership, the less political behaviors does not lead to effective OCB. keywords¡Gmanagement styles, organizational citizen behavior (OCB), Organizational Politics Perceptions, paternalistic leadership, democratic leadership

This study examines and analyzes conflict management and effective communication from several complementary perspectives. The purpose of the study is to identify common types of conflicts that learners confront in the process of EFL learning / to examine and analyze EFL learners&#039 / own strategies to deal with conflicts based on the conflict handling modes in the process of EFL learning / to find out their needs in terms of effective communication skills necessary to manage conflicts / and to analyze their attitudes toward conflict management learning and their needs for conflict management strategies. In order to achieve this aim, a survey research is preferred and the quantitaitve data gathered through the questionnaires were supported with the qualitative data obtained from the interivews with participants EFL learners. In the questiionnaire, there were two parts. The first one was a demographic inventory designed to gather the demographic characteristics of the participants. In the second part, four sub-sections were desgined: (1) a rank answer questionnaire to identify common types of conflicts that learners confront in the process of EFL learning / (2) a slightly adapted, Likert scale questionnaire which was translated to Turkish by G&uuml / m&uuml / seli (1994) from the Rahim Organizational conflict Inventory II (ROCI II) to identify EFL learners&#039 / conflict management strategies / (3) another Likert scale questionnaire to find out their needs in terms of effective communication skills necessary to manage conflicts / and (4) an alternative answer questionnaire to analyze learners&#039 / attitudes toward conflict management learning and their needs for conflict management strategies. The result of these questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS 15.0. This data gathering instrument was implemented on 339 students at the preparatory school TOBB University of Economics and Technology. Data gathered from 171 students from the same school were used for the piloting of the stduy. The data gahthered from 339 students at ETU Preparatory School represented the results of the main study. In analyzing the data, descriptive statistics as frequency, percent, average, and standard deviation and inferential statistics as ANOVA was used. As the second scale of the current study, semi-structered interviewsw were conducted with 12 students studying at the same university. The results of the interviews were analyzed through content analysis. The results of the study revealed that there is a relationship between EFL learners&#039 / conflict managament strategies, need for effective communication skills, and their gender, scholarship status, last school graduated, and duration of study at a particular university. Additionally, the study displayed that students confornt various types of conflict and they need to learn conflict management skills and effective communication skills to deal with conflicts successfully.

Pasaulio globalizacijos procesas, Lietuvos švietimo integracija į Europos Sąjungos švietimo erdvę reikalauja ir mokyklų vadovų įvairiapusių kompetencijų, kad galėtų patenkinti bendruomenės poreikius, kurie identifikuoja ne tik mokinį, mokytoją, tėvus(globėjus), bet ir nuolat besikeičiančią fizinę ir ekonominę aplinką. Šiuolaikinei bendrojo lavinimo mokyklai yra reikalingi aukščiausios kvalifikacijos vadybos specialistai: kompetentingi, turintys reikiamų žinių ir praktinių įgūdžių, nuolat tobulinantys savo kvalifikaciją bei vadybinius gebėjimus, darantys įtaką kaitos procesams savo mokyklose. Vykstant kaitos procesams, keičiasi ir pagrindinių mokyklų vadovai, kurie turi prisitaikyti prie kintančių švietimo reformų sąlygų, bandyti keisti patiems save bei savo institucijas. Todėl įdomu, ar pagrindinių mokyklų vadovai yra pasirengę pradėti keistis nuo savęs, keisti darbo metodus, vadovautis kitomis tiesomis, gilinti vadybos žinias ir taikyti jas nelengvame darbe. Atsižvelgiant į tai, buvo iškelta tyrimo problema. Nors apie vadovavimo stilius ir mokyklų kaitą atlikti įvairūs tyrimai, ta���iau kyla probleminių klausimų, ar pagrindinės mokyklos vadovas gali savarankiškai veikti vadovaujamos mokyklos kaitą, ar pagrindinės mokyklos vadovo vadovavimo stilius lemia pedagoginį procesą. Tyrimo objektu buvo pasirinkta – vadovavimo stilių įtaka mokyklos kaitai Tyrimo tikslas - išanalizuoti vadovavimo stilių įtakos mokyklos kaitai ypatumus Buvo iškelta hipotezė- kaip vadovo pasirinktas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Process of world globalization, integration of Lithuanian education system into the European Union educational space demands from school leaders miscellaneous competences to consider to society needs, which identify pupil, parents and changing physical and economical environment. The new requirements for the system influenced the development of the management competence model. Modern school of basic education needs management specialists of highest qualification, competence, with good knowledge and practical skills who can make influence to processes in their schools. Problem of research was formulated considering the changing processes in public life and the reform of education. Was made various researches about different styles of management and school alternation, but there are problematical questions in this area. Can the leading manager of primary school independently make influence for school alternation? Did the managing style of primary school manager can influence pedagogical process? Object of research – influence of management styles for school alternation process. Aim of work – to evaluate the peculiarities of influence for managing styles on school changes: not stimulate alternation, or it is a main factor of school alternation. On purpose to unfold the main aim of research such tasks were suggested: 1. Do the theoretical analysis of managing styles. 2. Summarize influence of managing styles on school changing. 3. Explore managing styles influence on... [to full text]

Sambandet mellan emotionell intelligens och konflikthantering är ett relativt outforskat område, framför allt inom universitetsmiljö. I denna studie utreds huruvida nivån av emotionell intelligens har någon betydelse för preferens för olika konflikthanteringsstilar. Mätinstrumenten “The Assessing Emotion Scale” och “ The Dutch Test for Conflict Handling” användes på 100 studenter för att bedöma graden av emotionell intelligens och valet av konflikthanteringsstil. Varken emotionell intelligens eller konflikthanteringsstil var med säkerhet statistiskt signifikant beroende av kön totalt sett, däremot fanns ett starkt samband mellan “Samverkan” och “Kompromiss” till nivå av emotionell intelligens, framför allt hos kvinnor men inte hos män. Resultaten av denna studie visade att sättet att lösa konflikter inte är könsberoende utan tycks vara mer relaterade till individuella egenskaper hos varje person. Dessutom tycks personer med högre grad av emotionell intelligens föredra “Samverkan” och “Kompromiss” i konflikter. / The relationship between emotional intelligence and conflict management is an area, which is relatively poorly researched especially in a university environment. In the present study, the effect of level of emotional intelligence on preference for varying styles of conflict management is investigated. The research instruments “The Assessing Emotion Scale” and “The Dutch Test for Conflict Handling” were given to 100 students in order to assess level of emotional intelligence and preference for conflict management style. Results indicated that neither level of emotional intelligence nor conflict management styles were statistically significantly influenced by gender. A strong association between “Problemsolving” and “Compromising” to level of emotional intelligence was seen in women. In men, this association was not seen. The results of this study indicate that styles to resolve conflict were not directly gender related, but rather related to the qualities shown by each individual. Additionally, individuals with a higher level of emotional intelligence preferred “Problemsolving” and “Compromising” in conflict management.

Background: As the globalization process advances, cross-cultural workplaces become prevalent among organizations. The culture diversity could be beneficial, but could also pose challenges for managers. Managers have to adopt effective conflict management style to handle conflicts in cross-cultural workplaces. Cultural intelligence (CQ), a relatively new model, has been studied in order to shed the light on conflict management styles by some researchers. Problem: Previous studies have shown that CQ could be an influential factor for individuals’ conflict management styles. However, existing studies were conducted in a few countries with quantitative data to demonstrate the relationship. The in-depth understanding of how managers actually in cross-cultural workplaces handle conflicts, through the instrumentality of CQ model, appears to be lacking in Scandinavian countries. Purpose: The thesis primarily aims to explore if and how CQ could facilitate managers construct effective conflict management style in cross-cultural workplaces in Sweden. Method: Via qualitative approach, the in-depth understanding between conflicts, conflict management styles and CQ were gained through eight semi-structured interviews with managers and following content analysis Conclusion: The primary conclusion is that CQ plays a role in influencing managers to adopt an effective conflict management style. Managers’ CQ can be reflected in a cross-cultural interaction through good communication and open-mind, which consecutively facilitates the integrating conflict management style (the effective style).

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral avaliar os estilos de gestão encontrados em pequenas empresas, identificando quais de seus componentes possuem efeito na postura inovativa destas empresas. A argumentação é que as pequenas empresas, motivadas pela necessidade de sobrevivência num ambiente competitivo e dinâmico, necessitam ser inovadoras. São também objetivos desta pesquisa: a revisão da literatura sobre as pequenas empresas, a compreensão das particularidades de gestão delas, bem como a conceituação de inovação. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica e um estudo multicasos, de caráter exploratório, em três empresas da cidade de São Carlos, localizada no estado de São Paulo. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevistas estruturadas, em que se aplicou um questionário pré-estabelecido e também foi utilizado um roteiro previamente definido. Além disso, os dados foram complementados com pesquisas em documentos das respectivas empresas, em revistas, livros, jornais e também no SEBRAE e na Prefeitura Municipal de São Carlos. A interpretação dos dados foi de caráter qualitativo. Ao final, a pesquisa demonstrou que os gestores têm dificuldades para a elaboração de estratégias para a inovação, principalmente por não se distanciarem dos problemas operacionais do dia-a-dia. As alterações nos produtos e processos, quando ocorrem, estão sempre direcionadas para a adequação de custos. O desenvolvimento de novos processos é confiado à habilidade dos funcionários, sem um processo sistemático para que isso ocorra. Há um receio na quebra dos padrões de mercado, agravado pela grande preocupação com o nível de qualidade exigido pelos clientes / This research has as general aim to evaluate the management styles found in small companies, identifying which one of its components get an effect in the innovative posture of these companies. The argumentation is that the small companies, motivated by the necessity of survival in a competitive and dynamic environment, need to be innovative. This study also has as objectives: the reviewing of literature about small companies, the comprehension of the particularities of management in small companies and the conceptualization of innovation. To reach the objective it was carried out a bibliographic study of multicases, of exploratory in three companies from São Carlos town, located in the state of São Paulo. The data were collected through structured interviews. It was applied a pre-prepared questionnaire and it was used a schedule previously defined. Besides this, the data were collected through research in documents of the respective companies, as well as in magazines, books, newspapers and also at SEBRAE and the Municipal Hall of São Carlos. The interpretation of the data was of qualitative nature. At the final, the research demonstrated that the managers have difficulties to the elaboration of strategies for innovation, especially because they can’t get the distance of the daily operational problems. The changes in the products and processes, when they occur, are always directed to the adjustment of costs. The development of new processes is relied to the skills of the workers, without a systematic process to occur. There is a break of market standards, worsen by the great concern with the level of quality wanted by the clients