This thesis argues that clubs and associations provided a major arena for masculine social life in the period from 1800 to 1914. Using a range of sources from life writings and administrative records to photographs, drawings and buildings, the thesis presents a detailed picture of club life in the two provincial cities of Manchester and Liverpool. Examining the ways in which middle-class men wrote about associational culture, decorated their club houses and behaved in the company of other club men, the work highlights the complex and varied roles clubs and associations played in shaping masculinities. Club culture offered men the opportunity for homosocial friendship and fellowship, a respite from work but also access to business networks and political contacts. Above all, associational life allowed middle-class men to express their different tastes and identities, highlighting the diversity of masculine cultures in nineteenth-century provincial cities. The thesis explores the ways in which masculinity was constructed as a relationship between men in the context of the club, and reveals how the identity of the club man intertwined with his role at work and in the family. It argues that the function of the club shifted over the course of the male lifecycle, determined by a man's position as the head of a household and business. However masculine behaviour within the all-male association was also governed by its own codes of self-control; club life had no place for those men who drank too much, or failed in business. The buildings of nineteenth-century provincial club houses form an important part of this study. The work shows how the interiors of club buildings were decorated and arranged as a significant setting for male social life, and functioned as places where men could articulate and express their different identities via activities such as dining and smoking. The thesis also reveals how the architectural styles of the club buildings functioned as an outward expression of middle-class identity. By unpacking the different social, political and cultural influences which shaped the appearance of these institutions, it is argued that middle-class masculine culture in Manchester and Liverpool was diverse, fiercely independent and distinctive from the metropolis. Clubs and associations were not simply peripheral spheres for masculine social life, but major arenas in their own right.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2002. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 209-212).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 1997. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 58-04, Section: A, page: 1330.

Texte remanié de: Habilitationsschrift--Philosophhische Fakultät I--Universität Würzburg, 1994. / Bibliogr. p. 717-746. Index.

La présente thèse propose une description et une étude multidimensionnelles (sociolinguistiques, phonologiques et phonétiques) de la variété d'anglais parlée dans le Greater Manchester. Nous offrons une discussion sur les enjeux méthodologiques et épistémologiques de l'étude du changement linguistique et de l'utilisation des corpus en linguistique. Notre travail est mené dans le cadre du programme PAC (Phonologie de l'Anglais Contemporain : usages, variétés et structure) et au sein du projet LVTI (Langue, Ville, Travail, Identité) sur la base du corpus PAC-LVTI Manchester, constitué de données authentiques et récentes récoltées sur le terrain. Notre analyse se concentre notamment sur le phénomène de nivellement dialectal, qui a été l'objet de nombreuses recherches récentes en sociolinguistique anglaise. Nous nous intéressons en particulier à l'hypothèse de l'expansion d'une variété supralocale dans le nord de l'Angleterre. Notre étude concerne essentiellement les voyelles du Greater Manchester, et repose sur une analyse phonético-acoustique de la production des locuteurs de notre corpus. Nous relevons les caractéristiques majeures de la variété mancunienne, telles qu'elles ont pu être décrites dans les quelques travaux publiés jusqu'ici, et étudions leur corrélation avec des facteurs sociolinguistiques classiques comme l'âge, le genre, ou le niveau socio-économique. Nous explorons également la pertinence des facteurs attitudinaux pour l'étude de nos données. Sur la base de nos résultats phonético-acoustiques, nous nous prononçons en faveur de la pertinence de l'opposition de longueur en anglais, repensée en termes de poids vocalique au niveau de la représentation des voyelles, et proposons une modélisation du système phonologique de la variété du Greater Manchester dans le cadre de la phonologie de dépendance. Nous discutons des évolutions du système à la lumière du phénomène de nivellement dialectal, et nous interrogeons sur la pertinence des facteurs internes et externes pour les expliquer. / This thesis offers a multidimensional (sociolinguistic, phonetic, and phonological) description and study of the variety of English spoken in Greater Manchester. We discuss the study of linguistic change and the use of corpora in linguistics from a methodological and epistemological point of view. Our work is conducted in the framework of the PAC programme (Phonology of Contemporary English: usage, varieties and structure) and within the LVTI project (Language, Urban Life, Work, Identity), and based on the PAC-LVTI Manchester corpus, which is composed of authentic and recent fieldwork data. Our analysis notably focuses on the phenomenon of regional dialect levelling, which has been largely documented in recent English sociolinguistic research. In particular, we are interested in the hypothesis of the expansion of a supralocal variety in the north of England. Our study deals mainly with the vowels of Greater Manchester English, and relies on a phonetic-acoustic analysis of our informants' realisations. We describe the major characteristics of the Mancunian variety based on the few studies published so far, and statistically evaluate their correlation with traditional sociolinguistic factors such as age, gender or socio-economic profile. We also explore the relevance of attitudinal factors for the study of our data. On the basis of our phonetic-acoustic results, we speak in favour of the relevance of the opposition of length in English, which we reconsider in terms of vocalic weight in the representation of vowels. We then offer a model of the phonological system of Greater Manchester inspired by Dependency Phonology. We discuss the evolutions of the system in the light of regional dialect levelling, and question the role played by internal and external factors in these linguistic changes.

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-19T17:58:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Débora Regina Marques Pereira - 2017.pdf: 1833772 bytes, checksum: 3edea402abfa0ffe13fdf0d504dee5fe (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-04-20T13:05:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Débora Regina Marques Pereira - 2017.pdf: 1833772 bytes, checksum: 3edea402abfa0ffe13fdf0d504dee5fe (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T13:05:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Débora Regina Marques Pereira - 2017.pdf: 1833772 bytes, checksum: 3edea402abfa0ffe13fdf0d504dee5fe (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] is traditionally grown by direct sowing, however, due to the high value of the seeds of improved materials, the production of seedlings appears as an interesting alternative. In order to evaluate the agronomic performance of the watermelon by direct sowing and transplanting of seedlings, two experiments were conducted under field conditions in the Horticulture Sector of the Agronomy School of the Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás. (DBC) with four replications in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme (two hybrids: Manchester and Talisman and four types of crops: no-tillage, seedlings with (15, 20 and 25 days).) In the second experiment The treatments were composed of three stages of no-tillage and three ages of seedlings (15, 20 and 25 days). When the F test (5%) was significant for Age variation, regression analysis was performed, and when Tukey test (5%) was applied. The comparison of the planting method (direct sowing versus seedling age) was performed through orthogonal contrasts. The number of leaves (NF), height and dry mass (DM) per seedlings were evaluated. The length of the branches was evaluated at 34, 55 and 75 days after transplanting (DAT), and the incidence of diseases was monitored. In the second experiment, the beginning of flowering was also evaluated, and in both experiments the average cycle of each treatment was determined. In the harvesting phase, fruit length and width, mass, white part thickness and soluble solids content were evaluated. Seedlings with greater age (25 days) presented superiority in relation to number of leaves and dry mass on the day of transplanting. Variables indicating productivity (mass) and fruit quality (soluble solids content, white thickness, fruit length and width) were not influenced by the treatments. There was no significant difference for viral and fusariosis infections. The treatment of direct seeding presented plants with an earlier cycle in both the 2015 and 2016 crops, followed by seedlings with 15 days. The cultivation of watermelon by direct seeding shows less cycle, but did not influence the characteristics as in the indicative of production and quality of the fruits. / A melancia [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] é tradicionalmente cultivada por semeadura direta, porém, em função do alto valor das sementes de materiais melhorados, a produção de mudas surge como uma alternativa interessante. Com objetivo de avaliar o desempenho agronômico da melancia por semeadura direta e transplantio de mudas, foram conduzidos dois experimentos em condições de campo, no Setor de Horticultura da Escola de Agronomia da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás. No experimento realizado em 2015 foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso (DBC) com quatro repetições em esquema fatorial 2 x 4 (dois híbridos: Manchester e Talisman e quatro tipos de cultivos: semeadura direta, mudas com (15, 20 e 25 dias). No segundo experimento realizado em 2016 utilizou-se também o DBC com seis repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por três etapas de semeadura direta e três idades de mudas (15, 20 e 25 dias). Quando o teste F (5%) foi significativo para fonte de variação idade, realizou-se a análise de regressão, e quando houve efeito da variedade foi aplicado teste de Tukey (5%). A comparação do método de plantio (semeadura direta versus idade de muda) foi realizada através de contrastes ortogonais. Foram avaliados o número de folhas (NF), altura e massa seca (MS) por plântula. Avaliou-se o comprimento das ramas aos 34, 55 e 75 dias após o transplantio (DAT), e foi monitorada a incidência de doenças. No segundo experimento avaliou-se também o início do florescimento, e em ambos os experimentos determinou-se o ciclo médio de cada tratamento. Na fase de colheita avaliou-se: comprimento e largura do fruto, massa, espessura da parte branca e teor de sólidos solúveis. Mudas com maior idade, (25 dias), apresentaram superioridade em relação a número de folhas e massa seca no dia do transplantio. Variáveis que indicam produtividade (massa) e qualidade dos frutos (teor de sólidos solúveis, espessura da parte branca, comprimento e largura do fruto) não foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos. Não houve diferença significativa para as infecções de viroses e fusariose. O tratamento de semeadura direta apresentou plantas com ciclo mais precoce tanto na safra de 2015 quanto em 2016, seguido de mudas com 15 dias. O cultivo de melancia por semeadura direta apresenta menor ciclo, mas não influencia nas características quanto em indicativas de produção e qualidade dos frutos.

The Manchester Blitz was relatively short, lasting two nights in December 1940, when around 1,000 people were killed and more than 3,000 injured in the city centre, Salford and the residential areas near Old Trafford. This thesis focuses on the reaction to this heavy bombing by the local and regional newspapers of Manchester, which was Britain’s second press centre at the time. The newspapers, the Manchester Guardian, Manchester Evening News and Evening Chronicle, are studied over an eight-week period from mid December 1940. According to these editions, Mancunians were unbowed by the death and destruction wrought by the Luftwaffe and had a steely determination to win the war. Contemporary writing, including individual diaries and reports from Mass Observation and Home Intelligence, tells a more complicated and nuanced story. The thesis finds that the Manchester newspapers submitted their coverage to more self-imposed censorship than was being demanded even by a government desperate to maintain morale. They did so partly because they feared they would be closed down if they offended the censor, but also because they felt that patriotism had a greater priority than maintaining the news values of the time. The newspapers could have exposed local authority incompetence and shortcomings in the emergency services but chose instead to paint a rosy picture of defiance by omission, distortion and, in some cases, deceit. They did not do so independently, but in accordance with the reporting norms in Fleet Street and other British provincial cities during the Second World War. Circulations rose for both national and local newspapers during the war, but the cost was a further severing of the confidence people had in their press. When readers themselves became the story by being the victims of the Blitz they discovered there was often a gap between the truth and what appeared in print. It is a trust that has not been recovered to this day.

This thesis is an ethnographic study of an area in Manchester known as the 'Gay Village'. It explores the history and changes in the meaning of this term for the people who live and work in the Village, as well as for those who visit it for leisure. The Village was originally created by gay activists who emphasised being gay as the basis for having a separate gay community. However, since being incorporated into Manchester City Council's culture-led regeneration strategy the area now attracts large numbers of heterosexual male and female users. For many heterosexual Village users being gay attaches as much to 'things' that they feel able to engage with in the making of themselves, as much as what it attaches to persons through the way they define their sexuality. Within the Village previous assumptions about the authenticity of the categories 'gay' and 'straight' have been subjected to much debate. The aim of the thesis is therefore to subject current understandings of contemporary gay and straight sexuality to critical analysis and to explore how ideas about sexual identity may be changing in Britain in the first decade of the 21St century.

This thesis provides an ethnographic account of post-industrial life in East Manchester, a locality which has undergone repeated waves of regeneration. The neighbourhoods of Beswick and Openshaw were once located at the heart of manufacturing during the Industrial Revolution but have since undergone deep social and economic change in the twentieth century which has resulted in widespread unemployment and perceived ‘social deprivation’. In 2000, New Labour introduced a regeneration plan to create ‘New East Manchester’ with the hope that material transformation would bring about economic growth and social change by creating a cohesive community and a productive and profitable space in the post-industrial city. This research, however, demonstrates that for long-standing residents, the relationship between redevelopment and change is more complex than this simple formula may suggest. Despite millions of pounds of investment and radical physical transformation, long-standing residents argue that East Manchester is dislocated and characterised by an overwhelming sense of uncertainty about the future. The thesis draws on twelve months of residential, ethnographic fieldwork carried out in 2010. It focuses on a group of older, female, long-standing residents and explores the issues which are important to them which include neighbourhood risk, memories of the past, gift exchange, housing and political alienation. For these residents, change is understood in terms of unpredictability and inequality. Images of a stable past are drawn upon in order to articulate anger and frustration against mainstream politics and feelings of social exclusion. On the surface, it appears that social life has declined and community has fractured due to the pressures of economic and social change but, on further examination, it is clear that intense social relations and attachments to East Manchester continue to exist. In order to understand the apparent contradiction between narratives of community decline and observations of social relations which are evident in East Manchester, this thesis argues that it is necessary to re-examine concepts of community, belonging and class which are presented in the anthropology of Britain literature.

Orientador: Leila Trevisan Braz / Resumo: A melancieira é uma hortaliça amplamente cultivada no Brasil, sendo consumida por todas as classes sociais. A enxertia vem sendo utilizada para esta cultura em muitos países e os benefícios são no controle de doenças, principalmente as de solo; na maior absorção de nutrientes, melhor eficiência no uso da água, aumento da tolerância a temperaturas extremas, aumento da tolerância à salinidade e ao encharcamento, proporcionando, assim, melhor produtividade e qualidade dos frutos. Diante do exposto, foi avaliado o desempenho de três porta-enxertos (‘Strong Tosa’, ‘Super Shintosa’ e ‘Carnivor’) para a melancia ‘Manchester’. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em 2016, na cidade de Holambra-SP, e, em 2017, nas cidades de Itápolis--SP e Holambra-SP. Em cada experimento, foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram avaliadas as características de desenvolvimento da planta, produção e qualidade do fruto para todos os experimentos, além de teores de nutrientes da parte aérea e do fruto, nos experimentos realizados em Holambra-SP. A partir dos dados obtidos, foram realizadas análises estatísticas individuais e conjunta dos anos, e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de significância. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando o software R. Resultados mostraram que ‘Manchester’ sem enxertia, obteve maior produtividade, além de possuir menor custo da muda. A enxertia aumentou a firmeza da polpa do fruto que p... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Watermelon is a vegetable widely cultivated in Brazil, being consumed by all social classes. Grafting has been used for this crop in many countries and the benefits are soil-borne disease control, greater nutrient uptake, better efficiency in water use, increased tolerance to extreme temperatures, increased tolerance to salinity and flooding. Thus providing better yield and fruit quality. Considering the above, the performance of three rootstocks ('Strong Tosa', 'Super Shintosa' and 'Carnivor') with ‘Manchester’ F1 watermelon were evaluated. Experiments were grown in 2016 in the city of Holambra-SP and in 2017 in the cities of Itápolis-SP and Holambra-SP. Each experiment used a randomized complete block design with five treatments and four replications. Plant development, production and fruit quality traits were evaluated for all experiments, as well as nutrient content of the plant and fruit in the experiments carried out in Holambra-SP. From the data obtained, individual and conjoint statistical analyzes of the years were performed and the averages were compared by the Tukey test at the 5% level of significance. Statistical analyzes were carried out using software R. Results showed that the un-grafted ‘Manchester’ F1 obtained a higher yield plus had the lower transplant cost. Grafting increased the flesh firmness, which can be a benefit during the transport of the fruit. Plant development, fruit production and quality traits, were not generally affected by the use of grafti... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor